Pāpāho Piritana: Kei te hikoi te Hononga o Amerika i runga i te taura piri, ko te pātai anake ko tēhea huānga kei runga i te ripanga ā-pūmotu ka whai ake
[Kuputuhi/Whatunga Kaiwhakamātautau Qi Qian] I whakatinanahia e Haina ngā mana whakahaere kaweake mō ngā taonga whakamahi-rua e tika ana ki te Hononga o Amerika i te tīmatanga o tēnei marama, ā, i arohia e te ao katoa tēnei āhuatanga, ā, kei te haere tonu ngā kōrero e pā ana ki tēnei mea tae noa mai ki tēnei rā.
I te 18 o Hakihea, i pūrongo a Reuters ko Haina te rangatira o te mekameka tuku o ngā kohuke matua. I roto i tēnei horopaki, ko te pehi tonu a te Hononga o Amerika i te umanga hangarau teitei o Haina he "haere i runga i te taura here": i tetahi taha, e hiahia ana ia ki te whakamahi i ngā taripa hei whakaiti i tōna whakawhirinaki ki a Haina; i tetahi atu taha, e ngana ana ia ki te karo i te utu nui mai i Haina i mua i te hanga i tētahi atu kaha whakaputa.
E ai ki te pūrongo, i tēnei wā, ko ngā kohuke nui te "patu whiriwhiri" a Haina i roto i te whakatau i te tautohe hokohoko e piki haere ana me te Hononga o Amerika. "Ko te pātai anake ko tēhea konganuku nui i roto i te ripanga ā-pūmotu ka whiriwhiria e Haina i muri mai."
I te 3 o Tīhema, i whakaputa te Manatū Tauhokohoko o Haina i tētahi pānuitanga, e kī ana i ngā mana whakahaere tino pakari mō te kaweake i te gallium, te germanium, te antimony, ngā rauemi tino mārō, te graphite, me ētahi atu taonga whakamahi-rua ki te Hononga o Amerika.
E hiahiatia ana e te pānuitanga kia āraia te kaweake i ngā taonga whakamahi-rua ki ngā kaiwhakamahi hōia o Amerika, ki ngā kaupapa hōia rānei; i roto i te kaupapa matua, kāore e whakaaetia te kaweake i ngā taonga whakamahi-rua pērā i te gallium, te germanium, te antimony, me ngā rauemi tino mārō ki te US; ā, ka whakatinanahia he arotake pakari ake o ngā kaiwhakamahi mutunga me ngā whakamahinga mutunga mō te kaweake i ngā taonga karāhe whakamahi-rua ki te US. E whakanui ana hoki te pānuitanga ko tētahi whakahaere, ko tētahi tangata rānei i roto i tētahi whenua, rohe rānei e takahi ana i ngā ture e tika ana, ka whai kawenga ia i raro i te ture.
I kī a Reuters ko te nekehanga a Haina he urupare tere ki te aukati hou a te Hononga o Amerika ki te kaweake maramara ki Haina.
"He pikinga ake tēnei i whakaritea marietia," te kī a te pūrongo, "e whakamahia ana e Haina tōna tūranga matua i roto i ngā konganuku matua hei utu mō te whakaekenga a te US ki ōna pūkenga hangarau teitei."
E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te United States Geological Survey, i te tau kua hipa, i whakawhirinaki te United States 100% ki ngā kawemai mō te gallium, ā, ko Haina te 21% o āna kawemai; i whakawhirinaki te United States ki ngā kawemai oānitomii te 82%, me te neke atu i te 50% o te germanium, ko Haina te 63% me te 26% o ana kawemai. I whakatūpato te United States Geological Survey, mā te aukati katoa a Haina i te kaweake i te gallium me te germanium ka puta he mate tika o te $3.4 piriona ki te ōhanga o Amerika, ā, ka puta he pānga mekameka o te whakararuraru i ngā mahi mekameka tuku.
Nō nā tata nei i whakaputa a Govini, he kamupene matauranga parepare o Amerika, i tētahi pūrongo e kī ana ko te aukati a Haina ki te kaweake i ngā kohuke matua o Amerika ka pā ki te hanga patu o ngā peka katoa o te ope taua o Amerika, tae atu ki te neke atu i te 1,000 ngā pūnaha patu me te neke atu i te 20,000 ngā wāhanga.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te aukati hou a Haina i "pā kino" ki te mekameka tuku o te gallium, te germanium, me te antimony. I kī a Bloomberg kua whakatakoto a Haina i tētahi tauira mō te aukati i ngā kamupene o tāwāhi ki te hoko hua ki te United States. I mua atu i tēnei, ko te "mana whenua-kore" i roto i te whakahaere whiu te mea he mana motuhake nō te United States me ngā whenua o te Hauāuru.
Whai muri i te panuitanga a Haina i ngā here kaweake hou, ka piki te utu o te antimony o te ao mai i te $13,000 ia tana i te tīmatanga o te tau ki te $38,000. I piki anō te utu o te germanium mai i te $1,650 ki te $2,862 i taua wā anō.
E whakapono ana a Reuters kei te "haereere te Hononga o Amerika i runga i te taura here": i tetahi taha, e hiahia ana ia ki te whakamahi i ngā taripa hei whakaiti i tōna whakawhirinaki ki a Haina; i tetahi atu taha, e ngana ana ia ki te karo i te rapu utu whānui mai i Haina i mua i te hanga i tētahi atu kaha whakaputa. Heoi, ko te mea pono ko te Hononga o Amerika e tino whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kawemai o ngā konganuku matua, ā, e matapaetia ana ka whakanui ake a Haina i ana mahi rapu utu i roto i te mara o ngā konganuku matua.
Tuatahi, kua whakangaohia e te whakahaerenga Biden ngā piriona tāra hei hanga anō i te kaha whakaputa ā-rohe mō ngā kohuke nui, engari tera pea ka puhoi te ahunga whakamua.
Kei te whakamahere te Hononga o Amerika ki te whakatuwhera anō i tētahi maina antimony i Idaho, engari kāore e tumanakohia ana ka puta te whakaputanga tuatahi tae noa ki te tau 2028. Ko te kaihanga antimony anake i te Hononga o Amerika, ko American Antimony, kei te whakamahere ki te whakanui ake i te whakaputanga engari me whakarite tonu kia rawaka te tuku mai i te hunga tuatoru. Kāore anō te Hononga o Amerika kia whakaputa i tētahi gallium taketake mai i te tau 1987.
I taua wā anō, ko te raruraru nui rawa atu e pā ana ki te Hononga o Amerika ko te nui o te mana o Haina i roto i te mekameka tuku i roto i te mara o ngā kohuke nui. E ai ki te Center for Strategic and International Studies, he whare whakaaro o Amerika, ko Haina te kaiwhakarato nui rawa atu o ngā kohuke 26 o ngā kohuke 50 e whakarārangihia ana i tēnei wā hei kohuke nui e te US Geological Survey. He maha o ēnei kohuke kei runga i te "rārangi whakahaere kaweake rua-whakamahinga" a Haina me te gallium, te germanium, me te antimony.
I roto i te pūrongo, mō te Hononga o Amerika, ko te whakapuakitanga a Haina mō te mana whakahaere pakari ake i ngā kaweake karāpeti he "tohu kino", e tohu ana kei te horapa te pakanga i waenganui i a Haina me te Hononga o Amerika ki te ao o ngā konganuku pākahiko. Ko te tikanga tēnei "ki te mea ka whakaaetia anō te umanga hangarau teitei o Haina e te Hononga o Amerika, he maha tonu ngā huarahi whakaeke a Haina."
I kī a Reuters kua whakawehi a Trump, te Perehitini-kōwhiri o Amerika, ki te whakatakoto i ngā tari taake whānui mō ngā taonga Haina katoa i mua i tana tīmatanga ki te mahi. Engari ko te pātai nui mō te whakahaerenga a Trump a meake nei ko te kaha o te United States ki te ātete i te whakaekenga a Haina i roto i te mara o ngā konganuku matua.
Mō tēnei, i whakaputa tata nei a Stephen Roach, he tohunga ōhanga rongonui o Amerika, he hoa matua hoki i Te Whare Wānanga o Yale, i tētahi tuhinga hei whakatūpato i te kāwanatanga o Amerika. I tohu ia ko te whakaeke tere a Haina i tēnei wā i puta ai he "whakaeke pokanga" ki ngā ahumahi matua o Amerika; ki te haere tonu te whakanui ake a te Hononga o Amerika i te tautohe hokohoko, tera pea ka whānui ake ngā mahi utu a Haina, nā te mea "he maha tonu ngā 'kāri a tetere' kei roto i te ringa o Haina."
I te 17 o Tīhema, i whakahuahia e te South China Morning Post o Hong Kong tētahi tātaritanga ahakoa ko ētahi o ngā mahi ārai a Haina i ngā wā tata nei e aro ana ki te whakahaerenga a Biden, kua whakaratohia e ēnei mahi tere he "tohu" mō te āhua o te whakahaere a Haina i te whakahaerenga o Amerika e whai ake nei e arahina ana e Trump. "E maia ana a Haina ki te whawhai, ā, he pai ki te whawhai" me "e rua ngā mea hei tango"... i whakanuia e ngā tohunga Hainamana kua rite a Haina mō Trump.
I whakahuahia hoki e te paetukutuku US Politico ngā tātaritanga a ngā tohunga e kī ana ko ēnei mahi a Haina he mea aro nui ki te Perehitini-kōwhiri o Amerika a Trump, kaua ki te Perehitini o nāianei a Biden. "He pai ngā Hainamana ki te titiro ki te heke mai, ā, he tohu tēnei ki te kāwanatanga o Amerika e whai ake nei."