Kampani yaikulu kwambiri yopanga migodi yachilendo ku Greenland: Akuluakulu aku US ndi Denmark adalimbikitsa chaka chatha kuti asagulitse mgodi wachilendo wa Tambliz ku makampani aku China
[Malemba/Owonera Network Xiong Chaoran]
Kaya ali mu nthawi yake yoyamba mu ofesi kapena posachedwapa, Purezidenti wosankhidwa wa US Trump wakhala akulimbikitsa zomwe zimatchedwa "kugula Greenland", ndipo zolinga zake zokhudzana ndi zachilengedwe komanso kulimbana ndi China zaonekeratu.
Malinga ndi lipoti la Reuters pa nthawi ya pa Januwale 9, Greg Barnes, CEO wa Tanbreez Mining, kampani yayikulu yopanga miyala yamtengo wapatali ku Greenland, adavumbulutsa kuti akuluakulu aku United States ndi Denmark adalimbikitsa kampaniyo chaka chatha kuti isagulitse mapulojekiti ake ku makampani ogwirizana ndi China. Iye adati kampani yake yakhala ikukambirana nthawi zonse ndi United States kuti iwone njira zothandizira popanga miyala yofunika kwambiri ku Greenland.
Pomaliza, Barnes anagulitsa umwini wa mgodi wa Tamblitz, womwe ndi umodzi mwa migodi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kwa Kritiko Metals, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku New York, USA. Malinga ndi kampani ya ku America, mtengo wogulira womwe inalipira unali wotsika kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa kampaniyo yaku China.
Lipotilo likukhulupirira kuti izi zikusonyeza kuti akuluakulu aku US akhala ndi chidwi chachuma kwa nthawi yayitali m'dera lodziyimira palokha la Denmark kale kwambiri Trump asanayambe kuganizira zogula Greenland m'masabata aposachedwa. Akatswiri akukhulupiriranso kuti United States ikuwoneka kuti ikuyesera kusintha "malamulo a masewerawa" a mapulojekiti a rare earth. Akuluakulu aku US akuyesera kuchepetsa mphamvu ya China pa Central African Copper Belt yokhala ndi mchere wambiri mwa kulamulira Greenland.
Barnes, CEO wa kampani ya Tanbreez Mining yomwe ili m'manja mwa anthu payekha, anati akuluakulu a boma la US adapita kum'mwera kwa Greenland kawiri chaka chatha, komwe kuli pulojekiti ya Tanbreez, imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu osungiramo nthaka yosowa padziko lonse lapansi.
Akuluakulu aku America awa apita kumeneko mobwerezabwereza kuti akapereke uthenga kwa kampani ya Tamblitz Mining yomwe ili ndi mavuto azachuma: Musagulitse mchere wambiri womwe uli ndi zinthu zambiri kwa ogula omwe ali ndi ubale ndi China.
Reuters sinathe kulankhula ndi Unduna wa Zachilendo wa ku US nthawi yomweyo kuti ipereke ndemanga pa lipotilo. Nyumba Yoyera sinayankhe pempho loti ipereke ndemanga ndipo Unduna wa Zakunja wa ku Denmark unakana kupereka ndemanga.
Pomaliza pake, Barnes adagulitsa umwini wa mgodi wa Tambriz kwa kampani ya Critical Metals yomwe ili ku New York mu mgwirizano wovuta womwe udzamalizidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino, zomwe zidzapatsa kampani ya Critical Metals ulamuliro pa imodzi mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku Global Geological and Mineral Information System ya Unduna wa Zachilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa oxidation ya nthaka yosowa (TREO) mu projekiti ya Tambliz ndi matani 28.2 miliyoni. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi, Tambliz kale ndi imodzi mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yokhala ndi matani 4.7 biliyoni a miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ma oxides olemera a nthaka yosowa omwe ali mu depositi amawerengera 27% ya ma oxides onse a nthaka yosowa, ndipo mtengo wa nthaka yosowa kwambiri ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa zinthu zamtundu wopepuka wa nthaka yosowa. Ikayikidwa mu kupanga, mgodiwu ukhoza kupereka zinthu zamtundu wosowa zomwe zimafunikira ku Europe ndi North America. The Financial Times inanenanso kuti akuti Greenland ili ndi matani 38.5 miliyoni a dziko losowa ma oxides, pomwe malo osungira onse padziko lonse lapansi ndi matani 120 miliyoni.
Chidziwitso chomwe chawululidwa ndi Tony Sage, CEO wa wogula womaliza, Cretico Metals, ndi chosangalatsa kwambiri.
"Panali kukakamizidwa kwakukulu kuti asagulitse (Tambriz Mining) ku China," Sage adatero Barnes adalandira ndalama zokwana $5 miliyoni ndi $211 miliyoni mu magawo a Kritiko Metals ngati malipiro a ntchitoyi, mtengo wotsika kwambiri kuposa zomwe kampani yaku China idapereka.
Malinga ndi lipotilo, Barnes adati kugula kumeneku sikunali kogwirizana ndi zopereka kuchokera ku China ndi ena chifukwa zoperekazo sizinafotokoze momveka bwino momwe angalipire. Barnes ndi Saich sanatchule akuluakulu aku US omwe adakumana nawo kapena dzina la kampani yaku China yomwe idapereka zoperekazo.
Chaka chatha, Kritiko Metals adapempha ndalama ku Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku US kuti apeze ndalama zoti apange malo opangira zinthu zochepetsera nthaka. Ngakhale kuti ndondomeko yowunikirayi yayima, Saich akuyembekeza kuti njirayi idzayambiranso Trump atatenga udindo. Adavumbulutsanso kuti kampani yake yakhala ikukambirana za zinthu ndi kontrakitala wa chitetezo Lockheed Martin ndipo akukonzekera kukambirana ndi Raytheon ndi Boeing. Ndipotu, kampani yachitatu yayikulu ya Kritiko Metals ndi American Jianda Company, yomwe CEO wake ndi Howard Lutnick, yemwe Trump adamusankha kukhala Secretary of Commerce wa US.
Dziko losowa kwambiri ndi chuma chosowa kwambiri chomwe sichingabwezeretsedwe, dzina lofala la zinthu 17 zachitsulo, zomwe zimadziwika kuti "MSG ya mafakitale", ndipo zakopa chidwi chachikulu chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kwakukulu m'magawo a mphamvu ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba wankhondo. Lipoti la kafukufuku wa US Congress linavumbulutsa kuti zida zapamwamba za US zimadalira kwambiri dziko losowa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ndege yankhondo ya F-35 imafuna makilogalamu 417 a zinthu zosowa kwambiri za dziko lapansi, pomwe sitima yapamadzi ya nyukiliya imagwiritsa ntchito matani oposa 4 a dziko losowa kwambiri.
Reuters inanena kuti kufunika ndi kufunikira kwa nthaka yosowa kwayambitsa mpikisano waukulu pakati pa magulu a kumadzulo motsutsana ndi China, zomwe zafooketsa ulamuliro wa China pa migodi ndi kukonza nthaka yosowa. China ndiye kampani yoyamba padziko lonse yopanga ndi kutumiza kunja nthaka yosowa, ndipo pakadali pano ikuwongolera pafupifupi 90% ya nthaka yosowa padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chake, mayiko ena akumadzulo monga United States akuda nkhawa kwambiri kuti "adzathedwa nzeru" ndi China, ndipo posachedwapa ayika kufunika kwakukulu pakupeza ndikumanga unyolo watsopano wopezera nthaka yosowa.
Lipotilo linagwira mawu a akatswiri ofufuza kuti mapulojekiti monga Tambliz sankaonedwa kuti ndi okongola kale kuti agulitsidwe, koma United States ikuoneka kuti ikuyesera kusintha "malamulo a masewerawa" a mapulojekiti a rare earth. Kugulitsa umwini wa pulojekiti ya Tambliz ku kampani ya ku America kukuwonetsa kuti akuluakulu aku US akuyesera kuchepetsa mphamvu ya China pa lamba wa mkuwa wa ku Central Africa wolemera m'migodi mwa kulamulira Greenland.
Dwayne Menezes, mkulu wa bungwe la Polar Research and Policy Initiative (PRPI) lomwe lili ku London, akukhulupirira kuti ngakhale kuti Greenland ikunena kuti “siigulitsidwa,” imalandira ntchito zamalonda ndi ndalama zambiri kuchokera ku United States.
Greenland ili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa North America, pakati pa Nyanja ya Arctic ndi Nyanja ya Atlantic. Ndi chilumba chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi chokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 60,000. Kale chinali koloni ya ku Denmark ndipo chinadzilamulira mu 1979. Chili ndi nyumba yake yamalamulo. Chilumbachi, chomwe chimakutidwa ndi ayezi, chili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zambiri, ndipo mafuta ndi gasi ake a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja nawonso ndi ambiri. Chilumbachi chimakhala chodziyimira pawokha, koma mfundo zake zakunja ndi zisankho zachitetezo zimapangidwa ndi Denmark.
Mu Ogasiti 2019, Purezidenti wa ku America panthawiyo, Trump, adadziwika kuti adakambirana ndi alangizi ake za kugula Greenland, dera lodziyimira palokha la Denmark, koma kenako Nduna ya Zakunja ya Greenland, Ane Lone Bagger, adakana lingalirolo: "Tili otseguka kuti tigulitse, koma Greenland 'sikugulitsidwa'."
Pa Novembala 25, 2024, Alexander B. Gray, mkulu wa bungwe la American Foreign Policy Council (AFPC) komanso mkulu wakale wa bungwe la White House National Security Council mu ulamuliro wa Trump, adafalitsa nkhani yokhudza maganizo ake mu Wall Street Journal ponena kuti atayamba nthawi yake yachiwiri, Trump ayenera kupitiriza bizinesi yake yosatha - kugula Greenland.
Gray akukhulupirira kuti Greenland "ikufuna kukhala yodziyimira payokha" ndipo United States "yakhala ikuilakalaka kwa nthawi yayitali", koma chifukwa chachikulu ndi China ndi Russia. Iye adati zomwe China ndi Russia adachita m'dera la Arctic m'zaka zaposachedwa ziyenera kuyambitsa "nkhawa yayikulu", makamaka popeza Greenland ili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zambiri monga golide, siliva, mkuwa, mafuta, uranium, ndi mchere wosowa wa nthaka, "zomwe zimapatsa otsutsa mwayi", ndipo Greenland singamenye nkhondo yokha.
Pachifukwa ichi, adapereka lingaliro lakuti Trump akwaniritse "mgwirizano wa zaka zana" uwu kuti apewe kuopseza chitetezo cha Kumadzulo ndi zofuna zachuma. Ananenanso kuti United States ingayese kutsanzira "Compact of Free Association" yomwe idafikiridwa ndi mayiko akuzilumba za ku South Pacific ndikukhazikitsa ubale wotchedwa "dziko logwirizana mwaulere" ndi Greenland.
Monga momwe ankayembekezera, Trump sakanatha kudikira kuti alumbiridwe mwalamulo ndipo anaopseza kuti "atenga Greenland" kangapo. Pa Januwale 7, nthawi yakomweko, ziwopsezo za Trump zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti alamulire Greenland zidalembedwa m'manyuzipepala akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi. Mu nkhani yake ku Mar-a-Lago, anakana kuletsa kuthekera kwa "kulamulira Panama Canal ndi Greenland mwa kukakamiza asilikali kapena zachuma." Tsiku lomwelo, mwana wamwamuna wamkulu wa Trump, Donald Trump Jr., nayenso adapita ku Greenland payekha.
Reuters inafotokoza mawu a Trump omwe akusonyeza kuti atsatira mfundo zakunja zotsutsana kwambiri zomwe sizimalemekeza miyambo yachikhalidwe ya diplomatic.
Poyankha kuopseza kwa Trump kuti akufuna kukakamiza, Nduna Yaikulu ya ku Denmark Mette Frederiksen adati poyankhulana ndi atolankhani aku Denmark TV2 kuti United States ndiye "mnzake wofunika kwambiri komanso wapafupi kwambiri" wa Denmark ndipo sakukhulupirira kuti United States idzagwiritsa ntchito njira zankhondo kapena zachuma kuti iwonetsetse kuti Greenland ikulamulira. Iye adatinso akulandira United States kuti igwiritse ntchito chidwi chake chachikulu m'dera la Arctic, koma izi "ziyenera kuchitika m'njira yolemekeza anthu aku Greenland."
"Poyambira boma ndi poyera: tsogolo la Greenland liyenera kusankhidwa ndi anthu aku Greenland, ndipo Greenland ndi ya anthu aku Greenland," Frederiksen adatsimikiza.
“Ndinenenso kachiwiri, Greenland ndi ya anthu a ku Greenland. Tsogolo lathu ndi nkhondo yathu yomenyera ufulu wathu ndiye nkhani yathu.” Pa Januwale 7, Mute Bourup Egede, Nduna Yaikulu ya Boma Lodziyimira pawokha la Greenland, adati pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti: “Ngakhale kuti ena, kuphatikizapo anthu aku Denmark ndi aku America, ali ndi ufulu wopereka maganizo awo, sitiyenera kusokonezedwa ndi kutengeka maganizo kapena kulola kuti kukakamizidwa ndi anthu akunja kutikakamize kusiya njira yathu. Tsogolo ndi lathu ndipo tidzalikonza.” Egede adabwerezanso kuti boma lake likugwira ntchito kuti Greenland ipatukane ndi Denmark.
Nkhaniyi ndi nkhani yapadera ya Observer.