Horumariyaha macdanta dhulka ee ugu weyn Greenland: Mas'uuliyiinta Mareykanka iyo Denmark ayaa sannadkii hore ku dooday in aan macdanta dhulka ee Tambliz laga iibin shirkadaha Shiinaha.
[Qoraal/Shabakad Kormeere Xiong Chaoran]
Hadday tahay mudadii ugu horreysay ee uu xafiiska joogay ama dhawaan, Madaxweynaha la doortay ee Mareykanka Trump wuxuu si joogto ah u buunbuuninayay waxa loogu yeero "iibsashada Greenland", ujeeddadiisa ku aaddan kheyraadka dabiiciga ah iyo iska hor imaadka Shiinahana way caddaatay.
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin ay soo saartay Reuters 9-kii Janaayo waqtiga maxalliga ah, Greg Barnes, oo ah madaxa shirkadda Tanbreez Mining, oo ah shirkadda ugu weyn ee sameysa macdanta dhulka naadirka ah ee Greenland, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in mas'uuliyiin ka socda Mareykanka iyo Denmark ay shirkadda ku booriyeen sannadkii hore inaysan mashaariicdeeda u iibin shirkadaha xiriirka la leh Shiinaha. Wuxuu sheegay in shirkaddiisu ay wadahadallo joogto ah la gashay Mareykanka si ay u qiimeyso fursadaha maalgelinta ee lagu horumarinayo macdanta muhiimka ah ee Greenland.
Ugu dambeyntii, Barnes wuxuu iibsaday lahaanshaha macdanta Tamblitz ee dhulka naadirka ah, oo ah mid ka mid ah kaydka ugu weyn adduunka ee dhulka naadirka ah, Kritiko Metals, oo xarunteedu tahay New York, USA. Sida laga soo xigtay shirkadda Mareykanka, qiimaha iibsiga ee ay bixisay aad ayuu uga hooseeyay dalabka shirkadda Shiinaha.
Warbixintu waxay aaminsan tahay in tallaabadani ay iftiiminayso in mas'uuliyiinta Mareykanka ay dano dhaqaale oo muddo dheer ah ka lahaayeen dhulka madaxbannaan ee Denmark muddo dheer ka hor inta uusan Trump bilaabin inuu ka fiirsado iibsashada Greenland toddobaadyadii la soo dhaafay. Falanqeeyayaashu waxay sidoo kale aaminsan yihiin in Mareykanku uu u muuqdo inuu isku dayayo inuu beddelo "xeerarka ciyaarta" ee mashaariicda dhulka naadirka ah. Saraakiisha Mareykanka ayaa isku dayaya inay ka takhalusaan saameynta Shiinaha ee ku leh Suunka Naxaasta ee Bartamaha Afrika ee hodanka ku ah macdanta iyagoo xakameynaya Greenland.
Barnes, oo ah madaxa shirkadda gaarka loo leeyahay ee Tanbreez Mining, ayaa sheegay in mas'uuliyiinta Mareykanka ay laba jeer booqdeen koonfurta Greenland sannadkii hore, halkaas oo uu ku yaal mashruuca Tanbreez, oo ah mid ka mid ah kaydka dhulka ee ugu weyn adduunka ee naadirka ah.
Mas'uuliyiintan Mareykanka ah ayaa si isdaba joog ah halkaas ugu safray si ay farriin ugu gudbiyaan Tamblitz Mining oo lacag la'aan ah: Ha u iibin kaydka macdanta ee baaxadda leh iibsadayaasha xiriirka la leh Shiinaha.
Wakaaladda wararka ee Reuters ma aysan awoodin inay isla markiiba la xiriirto Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Mareykanka si ay faallo uga bixiso warbixinta. Aqalka Cad kama uusan jawaabin codsi faallo ah, Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Denmark-na way diiday inay faallo ka bixiso.
Ugu dambeyntii, Barnes wuxuu iibsaday lahaanshaha macdanta Tambriz ee Critical Metals oo fadhigeedu yahay New York heshiis adag oo la dhammaystiri doono dabayaaqada sanadkan, taasoo siinaysa Critical Metals inay maamusho mid ka mid ah kaydka dhulka ee ugu weyn adduunka ee naadirka ah.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay Nidaamka Caalamiga ah ee Macluumaadka Juqraafiga iyo Macdanta ee Wasaaradda Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah, wadarta guud ee oksaydhka dhulka dhifka ah (TREO) ee mashruuca Tambliz waa 28.2 milyan oo tan. Iyada oo ku saleysan mugga kheyraadkan, Tambliz waxay horeyba uga mid tahay kaydka dhulka dhifka ah ee ugu weyn adduunka, iyadoo leh 4.7 bilyan oo tan oo macdan ah. Oksaydhyada dhulka dhifka ah ee culus ee ku jira kaydka ayaa ah 27% wadarta oksaydhyada dhulka dhifka ah, qiimaha dhulalka dhifka ah ee culusna wuxuu ka sarreeyaa kan walxaha dhulka dhifka ah ee fudud. Marka la soo saaro, macdantu waxay bixin kartaa walxaha dhulka naadirka ah ee ay u baahan yihiin Yurub iyo Waqooyiga Ameerika. Financial Times ayaa sidoo kale tilmaamtay in lagu qiyaasay in Greenland ay leedahay 38.5 milyan oo tan oo ah dhul naadir ah oksaydh, halka wadarta guud ee kaydka adduunka intiisa kale ay tahay 120 milyan oo tan.
Macluumaadka uu shaaca ka qaaday Tony Sage, oo ah madaxa shirkadda ugu dambeysa ee iibsata Cretico Metals, ayaa xitaa xiiso badan leh.
"Waxaa jiray cadaadis badan oo ah inaan (Tambriz Mining) loo iibin Shiinaha," Sage ayaa sheegay in Barnes uu aqbalay $5 milyan oo lacag caddaan ah iyo $211 milyan oo saamiyada Kritiko Metals ah oo loogu talagalay mashruuca, qiimo aad uga hooseeya dalabka shirkadda Shiinaha.
Sida ku cad warbixinta, Barnes wuxuu ku andacooday in iibsiga uusan la xiriirin dalabyada ka imanaya Shiinaha iyo kuwa kale sababtoo ah dalabyadu si cad uma sheegin sida loo bixiyo. Barnes iyo Saich midkoodna ma sheegin saraakiisha Mareykanka ee ay la kulmeen ama magaca shirkadda Shiinaha ee dalabka samaysay.
Horraantii sannadkii hore, Kritiko Metals waxay codsi u gudbisay Waaxda Difaaca Mareykanka si ay u hesho lacago lagu horumarinayo xarumaha naadirka ah ee lagu farsameeyo dhulka. Inkasta oo habka dib-u-eegista uu hadda hakad ku jiro, Saich wuxuu filayaa in geeddi-socodku uu dib u bilaaban doono ka dib marka Trump uu xilka la wareego. Waxa kale oo uu shaaca ka qaaday in shirkaddiisu ay wadahadallo sahay ah la yeelatay qandaraaslaha difaaca Lockheed Martin isla markaana ay ku dhowdahay inay la gorgortanto Raytheon iyo Boeing. Xaqiiqdii, maalgashadayaasha saddexaad ee ugu weyn Kritiko Metals waa Shirkadda American Jianda, oo uu madaxeedu yahay Howard Lutnick, oo ah musharraxa Trump ee Xoghayaha Ganacsiga ee Mareykanka ee soo socda.
Dhulka dhifka ah waa kheyraad istaraatiijiyadeed oo aan la cusboonaysiin karin, oo ah erey guud oo loogu talagalay 17 walxood oo bir ah, oo loo yaqaan "MSG warshadaha", waxayna soo jiidatay dareen badan sababtoo ah adeegsigooda ballaaran ee dhinacyada tamarta iyo tignoolajiyada sare ee militariga. Warbixin cilmi baaris ah oo ay soo saartay Kongareeska Mareykanka ayaa mar shaaca ka qaaday in hubka tiknoolajiyadda sare ee Mareykanka uu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay dhulalka naadirka ah. Tusaale ahaan, diyaaradda dagaalka ee F-35 waxay u baahan tahay 417 kiilo garaam oo walxo dhul naadir ah, halka markab quusa oo nukliyeer ah uu isticmaalo in ka badan 4 tan oo dhul naadir ah.
Reuters waxay tilmaamtay in muhiimadda iyo baahida dhulalka naadirka ah ay kicisay tartan xooggan oo u dhexeeya kooxaha danta reer galbeedka ee ka dhanka ah Shiinaha, si loo wiiqiyo xakamaynta Shiinaha ee ku dhow inay si buuxda u maamusho macdan qodista iyo farsamaynta dhulalka naadirka ah. Shiinaha waa soo-saaraha ugu horreeya adduunka iyo dhoofinta dhulalka naadirka ah, haddana wuxuu gacanta ku hayaa qiyaastii 90% sahayda dhulka naadirka ah ee adduunka. Sidaa darteed, qaar ka mid ah waddamada reer galbeedka sida Mareykanka ayaa aad uga walaacsan in Shiinaha uu "cirib tiri doono", waxayna dhawaan muhiimad weyn u muujiyeen helitaanka iyo dhisidda silsilad cusub oo sahay dhuleed naadir ah.
Warbixintu waxay soo xigatay falanqeeyayaasha oo sheegaya in mashaariicda sida Tambliz aan hore loogu arki jirin kuwo soo jiidasho leh oo maalgashi ah, laakiin Mareykanka wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu isku dayayo inuu beddelo "xeerarka ciyaarta" ee mashaariicda dhulka naadirka ah. Iibinta lahaanshaha mashruuca Tambliz ee shirkad Mareykan ah waxay muujineysaa in mas'uuliyiinta Mareykanka ay isku dayayaan inay ka hortagaan saameynta Shiinaha ee suunka naxaasta ee Bartamaha Afrika ee hodanka ku ah macdanta iyagoo xakameynaya Greenland.
Dwayne Menezes, oo ah agaasimaha hay'adda cilmi-baarista iyo siyaasadda Polar Research and Policy Initiative (PRPI) ee fadhigeedu yahay London, ayaa aaminsan in inkastoo Greenland ay sheeganeyso inaysan "iib ahayn," haddana ay soo dhaweyneyso hawlaha ganacsiga iyo maalgashiga ballaaran ee ka imanaya Mareykanka.
Greenland waxay ku taal waqooyi-bari Waqooyiga Ameerika, waxayna u dhaxaysaa Badweynta Arctic iyo Badweynta Atlaantik. Waa jasiiradda ugu weyn adduunka oo ay ku nool yihiin qiyaastii 60,000 oo qof. Waxay mar ahayd gumeysi Denmark ah waxayna gaartay is-maamul sannadkii 1979. Waxay leedahay baarlamaan u gaar ah. Jasiiraddan, oo inta badan ay ku daboosho baraf, waxay leedahay kheyraad dabiici ah oo aad u qani ah, kaydka saliidda iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah ee badda iyo badda ayaa sidoo kale aad u badan. Jasiiraddu asal ahaan waa is-maamul, laakiin siyaasaddeeda arrimaha dibadda iyo go'aannada amniga waxaa sameeya Denmark.
Bishii Agoosto 2019, Madaxweynihii Mareykanka ee xilligaas, Trump, ayaa la ogaaday inuu si gaar ah ula hadlay la-taliyayaasha iibsashada Greenland, oo ah dhul madax-bannaan oo Denmark ah, laakiin Wasiirkii Arrimaha Dibadda ee xilligaas ee Greenland, Ane Lone Bagger, ayaa diiday fikradda ah: "Waxaan u furannahay ganacsi, laakiin Greenland 'ma aha iib'."
Noofambar 25, 2024, Alexander B. Gray, oo ah xubin sare oo ka tirsan Golaha Siyaasadda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Mareykanka (AFPC) isla markaana ahaa madaxii hore ee shaqaalaha Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Aqalka Cad ee maamulka Trump, ayaa maqaal ra'yi ah ku daabacay Wall Street Journal isagoo leh ka dib markii uu bilaabay xilligiisii labaad, Trump waa inuu sii wadaa ganacsigiisa aan dhammaystirnayn - iibsashada Greenland.
Gray wuxuu aaminsan yahay in Greenland ay "doonayso inay madax-bannaanaato" Mareykankana uu "damacsanaa muddo dheer", laakiin sababta ugu weyn weli waa Shiinaha iyo Ruushka. Wuxuu ku dooday in ficillada Shiinaha iyo Ruushka ee gobolka Arctic sannadihii ugu dambeeyay ay sababi karaan "walaac dhab ah", gaar ahaan maadaama Greenland ay leedahay kheyraad dabiici ah oo qani ah sida dahabka, lacagta, naxaasta, saliidda, yuraaniyamka, iyo macdanta dhulka naadirka ah, "taas oo fursado siisa kuwa ka soo horjeeda", Greenland-na aysan kaligeed dagaallami karin.
Si taas loo gaaro, wuxuu soo jeediyay in Trump uu gaaro "heshiiskan qarniga" si looga hortago khataraha amniga iyo danaha dhaqaale ee reer Galbeedka. Wuxuu sidoo kale ku fakaray in Mareykanku uu isku dayi karo inuu ku daydo "Heshiiska Ururka Xorta ah" ee lala gaaray waddamada jasiiradaha Koonfurta Baasifigga isla markaana uu la sameeyo xiriir loogu yeero "dal si xor ah isku xiran" oo uu la yeesho Greenland.
Sida la filayay, Trump ma sugi karin in si rasmi ah loogu dhaariyo xilka, wuxuuna dhowr jeer ku hanjabay inuu "heli doono Greenland". 7-dii Janaayo, waqtiga maxalliga ah, hanjabaadaha Trump ee ah inuu awood u adeegsan doono xakamaynta Greenland ayaa cinwaanno ka dhigay warbaahinta waaweyn ee adduunka. Khudbaddiisii uu ka jeediyay Mar-a-Lago, wuxuu diiday inuu meesha ka saaro suurtagalnimada "in la xakameeyo Kanaalka Panama iyo Greenland iyadoo la adeegsanayo qasab militari ama dhaqaale." Isla maalintaas, wiilka curadka ah ee Trump, Donald Trump Jr., ayaa sidoo kale booqasho gaar ah ku tagay Greenland.
Reuters ayaa ku tilmaantay hadallada taxanaha ah ee Trump inay muujinayaan inuu raaci doono siyaasad dibadeed oo iska soo horjeeda oo iska indho tiraysa anshaxa diblomaasiyadeed ee dhaqanka.
Iyada oo ka jawaabaysa hanjabaadda Trump ee ku aaddan xoog sheegashada, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Denmark Mette Frederiksen ayaa wareysi ay siisay warbaahinta Denmark TV2 ku sheegtay in Mareykanka uu yahay "sxabka ugu muhiimsan uguna dhow" Denmark, isla markaana aysan aaminsanayn in Mareykanku uu isticmaali doono habab milatari ama dhaqaale si loo hubiyo xakamaynta Greenland. Waxay ku celisay inay soo dhaweynayso in Mareykanka uu maalgashado danaha badan ee gobolka Arctic, laakiin tan "waa in lagu sameeyaa si ixtiraam leh dadka Greenland."
"Meesha ay dawladdu ka bilaabayso waa mid aad u cad: mustaqbalka Greenland waa inay go'aamiyaan dadka Greenland, Greenland-na waxaa iska leh dadka Greenland," ayuu Frederiksen ku nuuxnuuxsaday.
"Aan mar kale idhaahdo, Greenland waxaa iska leh dadka Greenland. Mustaqbalkeenna iyo dagaalka aan ugu jirno madaxbannaanida waa ganacsigeenna." 7-dii Janaayo waqtiga maxalliga ah, Mute Bourup Egede, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Dowladda Iskeed u Madaxbannaan ee Greenland, ayaa baraha bulshada ku yiri: "In kasta oo kuwa kale, oo ay ku jiraan Danish iyo Americans, ay xaq u leeyihiin inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda, waa in aan lagu qasbin xagjirnimada ama aan loo oggolaan cadaadiska dibadda inuu nagu qasbo inaan ka leexanno waddadeenna. Mustaqbalka annagaa iska leh oo aan qaabeyn doonnaa." Egede ayaa ku celiyay in dowladdiisu ay ka shaqeyneyso sidii Greenland ay ugu dambeyntii uga go'i lahayd Denmark.
Maqaalkani waa maqaal gaar ah oo ka tirsan Observer.