Iyada oo la faafinayo lana adeegsanayo baytariyada tamarta cusub sida baytariyada lithium manganate, agabkooda togan ee ku salaysan manganese ayaa soo jiitay dareen badan. Iyada oo lagu saleynayo xogta khuseeya, waaxda cilmi-baarista suuqa ee UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. waxay soo koobtay xaaladda horumarinta warshadaha manganese ee Shiinaha si loogu tixraaco macaamiisheenna.
1. Sahayda Manganese: Dhamaadka macdantu wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay soo dejinta, awoodda wax soo saarka ee alaabada la warshadeeyayna aad ayay u badan tahay.
1.1 Silsiladda warshadaha Manganese
Badeecadaha Manganese waxay hodan ku yihiin noocyo kala duwan, badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka birta, waxayna leeyihiin awood weyn oo ku saabsan soo saarista baytariyada. Birta Manganese waa caddaan qalin ah, adag oo jaban. Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sidii deoksidizer, desulfurizer iyo walxaha isku-darka ee habka sameynta birta. Daloolada Silicon-manganese, ferromanganese kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah oo hooseeya iyo ferromanganese kaarboon sare leh ayaa ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee macaamiisha manganese. Intaa waxaa dheer, manganese waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa soo saarista walxaha katode-ka ee ternary iyo walxaha katode-ka lithium-manganate, kuwaas oo ah meelaha lagu dabaqo oo leh awood weyn oo loogu talagalay koritaanka mustaqbalka. Macdanta Manganese waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa manganese-ka birta iyo manganese kiimikada. 1) Kor: Macdanta iyo dhaymada. Noocyada macdanta Manganese waxaa ka mid ah macdanta manganese oksaydhka, macdanta manganese carbonate, iwm. 2) Habaynta dhexe: Waxaa loo qaybin karaa laba jiho oo waaweyn: habka injineernimada kiimikada iyo habka birta. Badeecadaha sida manganese dioxide, manganese bir ah, ferromanganese iyo silicomanganese waxaa lagu farsameeyaa iyada oo loo marayo shiididda aashitada sulfuric ama yaraynta foornada korontada. 3) Codsiyada hoose: Codsiyada hoose waxay daboolaan birta birta ah, katoodhada baytariga, kataliyayaashu, daawada iyo meelaha kale.
1.2 Macdanta Manganese: kheyraadka tayada sare leh ayaa ku urursan dibadda, Shiinuhuna wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay soo dejinta
Macdanta manganese-ka adduunka waxay ku badan tahay Koonfur Afrika, Shiinaha, Australia iyo Brazil, kaydka macdanta manganese-ka ee Shiinaha ayaa kaalinta labaad ka galay adduunka. Kheyraadka macdanta manganese-ka adduunka waa badan yihiin, laakiin si aan sinnayn ayaa loo qaybiyaa. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta dabaysha, laga bilaabo Diseembar 2022, kaydka macdanta manganese-ka ee la xaqiijiyay adduunka waa 1.7 bilyan oo tan, 37.6% oo ka mid ah waxay ku yaalliin Koonfur Afrika, 15.9% Brazil, 15.9% Australia, iyo 8.2% Ukraine. Sanadka 2022, kaydka macdanta manganese-ka ee Shiinaha wuxuu noqon doonaa 280 milyan oo tan, taasoo ka dhigan 16.5% wadarta guud ee adduunka, kaydka macdantiisuna wuxuu noqon doonaa kan labaad ee adduunka.
Darajooyinka kheyraadka macdanta manganese ee adduunka aad bay u kala duwan yihiin, kheyraadka tayada sare lehna waxaa lagu ururiyaa dibadda. Macdanta hodanka ku ah manganese (oo ka kooban in ka badan 30% manganese) waxay ku badan tahay Koonfur Afrika, Gabon, Australia iyo Brazil. Darajada macdanta manganese waxay u dhaxaysaa 40-50%, kaydkana waxay ka badan yihiin 70% kaydka adduunka. Shiinaha iyo Ukraine waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin kheyraadka macdanta manganese ee heerka hoose. Inta badan, maaddada manganese guud ahaan waxay ka yar tahay 30%, waxayna u baahan tahay in la farsameeyo ka hor inta aan la isticmaalin.
Soo saarayaasha ugu waaweyn ee macdanta manganese-ka adduunka waa Koonfur Afrika, Gabon iyo Australia, iyadoo Shiinaha uu yahay 6%. Sida laga soo xigtay dabaysha, wax soo saarka macdanta manganese-ka adduunka sanadka 2022 wuxuu noqon doonaa 20 milyan oo tan, taasoo ah hoos u dhac sanadle ah oo ah 0.5%, iyadoo dibadda ay ka tahay in ka badan 90%. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, wax soo saarka Koonfur Afrika, Gabon iyo Australia waa 7.2 milyan, 4.6 milyan iyo 3.3 milyan oo tan siday u kala horreeyaan. Wax soo saarka macdanta manganese-ka ee Shiinaha waa 990,000 oo tan. Waxay ka dhigan tahay 5% oo keliya wax soo saarka adduunka.
Qaybinta macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha waa mid aan sinnayn, inta badan waxay ku badan tahay Guangxi, Guizhou iyo meelo kale. Sida laga soo xigtay "Cilmi-baaris ku saabsan Kheyraadka Macdanta Manganese ee Shiinaha iyo Arrimaha Amniga Silsiladda Warshadaha" (Ren Hui et al.), macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay macdanta manganese carbonate, iyadoo leh xaddi yar oo macdanta manganese oxide ah iyo noocyo kale oo macdan ah. Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah, kaydka kheyraadka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha sanadka 2022 waa 280 milyan oo tan. Gobolka leh kaydka macdanta manganese ee ugu sarreeya waa Guangxi, oo leh kayd dhan 120 milyan oo tan, oo ka dhigan 43% kaydka dalka; waxaa ku xiga Guizhou, oo leh kayd dhan 50 milyan oo tan, oo ka dhigan 43% kaydka dalka. 18%.
Kaydka manganese-ka ee Shiinaha waa mid yar oo heer ahaan hooseeya. Waxaa jira macdanno manganese oo waaweyn oo yar oo ku yaal Shiinaha, badankooduna waa macdanno khafiif ah. Sida laga soo xigtay "Cilmi-baaris ku saabsan Kheyraadka Macdanta Manganese ee Shiinaha iyo Arrimaha Amniga Silsiladda Warshadaha" (Ren Hui et al.), celceliska heerka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha waa qiyaastii 22%, taas oo ah heer hoose. Ma jiraan wax macdan manganese ah oo hodan ah oo buuxiya heerarka caalamiga ah, macdanta khafiifka ah ee heerka hoosena waxay u baahan tahay. Waxaa la isticmaali karaa oo keliya ka dib marka la hagaajiyo heerka iyada oo loo marayo farsamaynta macdanta.
Ku tiirsanaanta soo dejinta macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha waa qiyaastii 95%. Sababtoo ah heerka hooseeya ee kheyraadka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha, wasakhda sare, kharashka macdanta oo sarreeya, iyo xakamaynta amniga iyo ilaalinta deegaanka ee warshadaha macdanta, wax soo saarka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha ayaa hoos u dhacayay sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay Sahanka Juqraafiyeed ee Mareykanka, wax soo saarka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha ayaa hoos u dhacay 10-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Wax soo saarku si weyn ayuu hoos ugu dhacay laga bilaabo 2016 ilaa 2018 iyo 2021. Wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee hadda jira waa qiyaastii 1 milyan oo tan. Shiinuhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay soo dejinta macdanta manganese, ku tiirsanaanteeda dibaddana waxay ka sarreysay 95% shantii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta dabaysha, wax soo saarka macdanta manganese ee Shiinaha wuxuu noqon doonaa 990,000 oo tan sanadka 2022, halka soo dejinta ay gaari doonto 29.89 milyan oo tan, iyadoo ku tiirsanaanta soo dejinta ay gaareyso 96.8%.
1.3 Manganese Elektrolytic ah: Shiinaha ayaa ah 98% wax soo saarka adduunka iyo awoodda wax soo saarka ayaa la isku ururiyay.
Wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektrolytic-ga ee Shiinaha wuxuu ku badan yahay gobollada dhexe iyo kuwa galbeedka. Wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektrolytic-ga ee Shiinaha wuxuu inta badan ku badan yahay Ningxia, Guangxi, Hunan iyo Guizhou, taasoo u dhiganta 31%, 21%, 20% iyo 12% siday u kala horreeyaan. Sida laga soo xigtay Warshadaha Birta, wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektrolytic-ga ee Shiinaha wuxuu ka kooban yahay 98% wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektrolytic-ga adduunka waana soo saaraha ugu weyn adduunka ee manganese-ka elektrolytic-ga.
Warshadaha manganese-ka ee elektrolytic-ga ee Shiinaha waxay leeyihiin awood wax soo saar oo xooggan, iyadoo awoodda wax soo saarka ee Warshadaha Manganese ee Ningxia Tianyuan ay tahay 33% wadarta guud ee dalka. Sida laga soo xigtay Baichuan Yingfu, laga bilaabo Juun 2023, awoodda wax soo saarka manganese-ka ee Shiinaha waxay gaartay 2.455 milyan oo tan. Tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya waa Warshadaha Manganese ee Ningxia Tianyuan, Kooxda Manganese ee Koonfurta, Tianxiong Technology, iwm., iyadoo wadarta guud ee awoodda wax soo saarka ay tahay 1.71 milyan oo tan, taasoo ka dhigan wadarta guud ee awoodda wax soo saarka ee dalka 70%. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah Warshadaha Manganese ee Ningxia Tianyuan waxay leedahay awood wax soo saar sannadle ah oo ah 800,000 oo tan, taasoo ka dhigan 33% wadarta guud ee awoodda wax soo saarka ee dalka.
Waxaa saameeyay siyaasadaha warshadaha iyo yaraanta korontada,manganese elektrolytic ahWax soo saarku wuu hoos u dhacay sanadihii ugu dambeeyay. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo la hirgeliyay yoolka "laba-kaarboon" ee Shiinaha, siyaasadaha ilaalinta deegaanka ayaa noqday kuwo adag, xawaaraha casriyeynta warshadaha ayaa sii kordhay, awoodda wax soo saarka ee dib u dhacday ayaa la tirtiray, awoodda wax soo saarka cusub si adag ayaa loo xakameeyay, arrimo ay ka mid yihiin xaddidaadaha korontada ee meelaha qaar ayaa leh wax soo saar xaddidan, wax soo saarka 2021 ayaa hoos u dhacay. Bishii Luulyo 2022, Guddiga Gaarka ah ee Manganese ee Ururka Warshadaha Ferroalloy ee Shiinaha ayaa soo saaray soo jeedin lagu xaddidayo laguna dhimayo wax soo saarka in ka badan 60%. Sannadkii 2022, wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa hoos ugu dhacay 852,000 tan (yoy-34.7%). Oktoobar 22, Guddiga Shaqada ee Hal-abuurka Birta Electrolytic Manganese ee Ururka Macdanta Shiinaha ayaa soo jeediyay yoolka ah in la joojiyo dhammaan wax soo saarka Janaayo 2023 iyo 50% wax soo saarka laga bilaabo Febraayo ilaa Diseembar. Bishii Nofeembar 22, Guddiga Shaqada ee Hal-abuurka Birta Electrolytic Manganese ee Ururka Macdanta Shiinaha ayaa ku taliyay in shirkadaha aan sii wadno joojinta wax soo saarka iyo casriyeynta, iyo abaabulka wax soo saarka 60% awoodda wax soo saarka. Waxaan rajeyneynaa in wax soo saarka manganese-ka elektiroonigga ah uusan si weyn u kordhi doonin sanadka 2023.
Heerka shaqadu wuxuu ku sii jiraa qiyaastii 50%, heerka shaqaduna aad ayuu isu beddeli doonaa sanadka 2022. Iyada oo ay saameysay qorshaha isbahaysiga sanadka 2022, heerka shaqadu ee shirkadaha manganese-ka elektiroonigga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa si weyn isu beddeli doona, iyadoo celceliska heerka shaqadu sanadka uu yahay 33.5%. Joojinta wax soo saarka iyo casriyeynta ayaa la sameeyay rubuci hore ee 2022, heerarka shaqaduna bishii Febraayo iyo Maarso waxay ahaayeen oo keliya 7% iyo 10.5%. Ka dib markii isbahaysiga uu shir qabtay dhammaadkii Luulyo, warshadaha ku jira isbahaysiga ayaa yareeyay ama hakiyay wax soo saarka, heerarka shaqaduna bilaha Agoosto, Sebtembar iyo Oktoobar waxay ka yaraayeen 30%.
1.4 Manganese dioxide: Waxaa kaxeeya lithium manganese, kobaca wax soo saarku waa mid degdeg ah awoodda wax soo saarkuna waa mid xooggan.
Iyada oo ay sabab u tahay baahida loo qabo agabka lithium-manganate, Shiinaha ayaamanganese dioxide oo elektrolytic ahWax soo saarku si weyn ayuu u kordhay. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay baahida loo qabo walxaha lithium manganate, baahida loo qabo lithium manganate electrolytic manganese dioxide ayaa si weyn u korodhay, wax soo saarka Shiinahana wuu sii kordhay. Sida laga soo xigtay "Dulmar Kooban oo ku saabsan Macdanta Manganese ee Caalamiga ah iyo Wax soo saarka Manganese ee Shiinaha sanadkii 2020" (Qin Deliang), wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Shiinaha ee electrolytic sannadkii 2020 wuxuu ahaa 351,000 tan, taasoo ah koror sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya ah oo ah 14.3%. Sanadka 2022, shirkado qaar ayaa joojin doona wax soo saarka si loo dayactiro, wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee electrolytic-ga ayaa hoos u dhici doona. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ka soo baxday Shabakadda Birta Aan Ferrousayn ee Shanghai, wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Shiinaha ee electrolytic-ga ah sanadka 2022 wuxuu noqon doonaa 268,000 tan.
Awoodda wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Shiinaha ayaa ku badan Guangxi, Hunan iyo Guizhou. Shiinaha waa soo saaraha ugu weyn adduunka ee manganese dioxide ee electrolytic. Sida laga soo xigtay Machadka Cilmi-baarista Warshadaha ee Huajing, wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Shiinaha ayaa ahaa qiyaastii 73% wax soo saarka adduunka sannadkii 2018. Wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Shiinaha ee electrolytic waxaa inta badan lagu ururiyaa Guangxi, Hunan iyo Guizhou, iyadoo wax soo saarka Guangxi uu yahay saamiga ugu badan. Sida laga soo xigtay Machadka Cilmi-baarista Warshadaha ee Huajing, wax soo saarka manganese dioxide ee Guangxi ee electrolytic wuxuu ahaa 74.4% wax soo saarka qaranka sannadkii 2020.
1.5 Manganese sulfate: ka faa'iidaysiga awoodda batteriga oo kordhay iyo awoodda wax soo saarka oo xooggan
Wax soo saarka manganese sulfate ee Shiinaha ayaa ah qiyaastii 66% wax soo saarka adduunka, iyadoo awoodda wax soo saarku ay ku urursan tahay Guangxi. Sida laga soo xigtay QYResearch, Shiinaha waa soo saaraha ugu weyn adduunka iyo macaamiisha manganese sulfate. Sannadkii 2021, wax soo saarka manganese sulfate ee Shiinaha ayaa ahaa qiyaastii 66% wadarta guud ee adduunka; wadarta guud ee iibka manganese sulfate ee adduunka ee 2021 waxay ahayd qiyaastii 550,000 oo tan, kuwaas oo manganese sulfate heerka baytari ay ahayd qiyaastii 41%. Wadarta guud ee iibka manganese sulfate ee adduunka ayaa la filayaa inay noqoto 1.54 milyan oo tan sannadka 2027, kuwaas oo manganese sulfate heerka baytari ay tahay qiyaastii 73%. Sida laga soo xigtay "Dulmar Kooban oo ku saabsan Macdanta Manganese ee Caalamiga ah iyo Wax soo saarka Manganese ee Shiinaha sannadkii 2020" (Qin Deliang), wax soo saarka manganese sulfate ee Shiinaha sannadkii 2020 wuxuu ahaa 479,000 oo tan, oo inta badan ku urursan Guangxi, taasoo ka dhigan 31.7%.
Sida laga soo xigtay Baichuan Yingfu, awoodda wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee manganese sulfate ee saafiga ah waxay noqon doontaa 500,000 tan sanadka 2022. Awoodda wax soo saarka waa mid xooggan, CR3 waa 60%, wax soo saarkuna waa 278,000 tan. Waxaa la filayaa in awoodda wax soo saarka cusub ay noqon doonto 310,000 tan (Warshadaha Manganese ee Tianyuan 300,000 tan + Kiimikada Nanhai 10,000 tan).
2. Baahida loo qabo manganese: Geedi socodka warshadaynta ayaa sii kordhaya, ka qayb qaadashada walxaha katodka ku salaysan manganese-ka ayaa sii kordheysa.
2.1 Baahida dhaqameed: 90% waa bir, waxaana la filayaa inay sii ahaato mid deggan
Warshadaha birta ayaa ah 90% baahida hoose ee macdanta manganese, isticmaalka baytariyada lithium-ion-na way sii ballaaranaysaa. Sida laga soo xigtay "Warbixinta Sannadlaha ah ee Shirka IMnI EPD (2022)", macdanta manganese waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa warshadaha birta, in ka badan 90% macdanta manganese waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista macdanta silicon-manganese iyo ferroalloy manganese, macdanta manganese ee soo hartayna waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa soo saarista macdanta manganese dioxide iyo manganese sulfate ee alaabada kale. Sida laga soo xigtay Baichuan Yingfu, warshadaha hoose ee macdanta manganese waa macdanta manganese, manganese electrolytic, iyo isku-dhafka manganese. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, 60%-80% macdanta manganese waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro macdanta manganese (birta iyo shubka, iwm.), iyo 20% macdanta manganese waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka. manganese electrolytic (loo isticmaalo soo saarista birta aan miridhku lahayn, birta, iwm.), 5-10% waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro maadooyinka manganese (loo isticmaalo soo saarista walxaha yaryar, walxaha birlabta, iwm.)
Manganese ee birta cayriin: Baahida caalamiga ah waxaa la filayaa inay noqoto 20.66 milyan oo tan 25 sano gudahood. Sida laga soo xigtay Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Manganese, manganese waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii wax lagu daro sulfurizer iyo walxaha isku dhafan ee qaabka kaarboon sare, kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah ama kaarboon yar oo kaarboon ah iyo silicon-manganese inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka birta cayriin. Waxay ka hortagi kartaa oksaydh xad dhaaf ah inta lagu jiro habka sifeynta waxayna ka fogaan kartaa dildilaaca iyo jajabka. Waxay kor u qaadaysaa xoogga, adkeysiga, adkaanta iyo qaab-dhismeedka birta. Maaddada manganese ee birta gaarka ah ayaa ka sarreysa tan birta kaarboon. Celceliska heerka manganese ee adduunka ee birta cayriin ayaa la filayaa inuu noqdo 1.1%. Laga bilaabo 2021, Guddiga Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta Qaranka iyo waaxyaha kale waxay qaban doonaan shaqada qaran ee yareynta wax soo saarka birta cayriin, waxayna sii wadi doonaan inay qabtaan shaqada dhimista wax soo saarka birta cayriin sanadka 2022, iyadoo natiijooyin cajiib ah la helayo. Laga bilaabo 2020 ilaa 2022, wax soo saarka birta cayriin ee qaranka ayaa hoos uga dhici doona 1.065 bilyan oo tan ilaa 1.013 bilyan oo tan. Waxaa la filayaa in mustaqbalka Shiinaha iyo wax soo saarka birta cayriin ee adduunka uusan isbeddelin.
2.2 Baahida baytariga: ka qayb qaadashada sii kordheysa ee walxaha katooliga ku salaysan manganese
Baytariyada Lithium manganese oxide waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa suuqa dijitaalka ah, suuqa korontada yar yar iyo suuqa baabuurta rakaabka. Waxay leeyihiin waxqabad ammaan oo sarreeya iyo kharash yar, laakiin waxay leeyihiin cufnaanta tamarta oo liidata iyo waxqabadka wareegga. Sida laga soo xigtay Xinchen Information, shixnadaha walxaha lithium manganate cathode ee Shiinaha laga soo bilaabo 2019 ilaa 2021 waxay ahaayeen 7.5/9.1/102,000 tan siday u kala horreeyaan, iyo 66,000 tan sannadkii 2022. Tani waxay inta badan sabab u tahay hoos u dhaca dhaqaale ee Shiinaha sannadkii 2022 iyo kororka qiimaha ee sii socda ee lithium carbonate ee alaabta ceeriin ee kor u kaca. Qiimaha oo kordha iyo rajada isticmaalka oo gaabis ah.
Manganese loogu talagalay katoojyada baytariyada lithium: Baahida caalamiga ah waxaa la filayaa inay noqoto 229,000 tan sanadka 2025, taasoo u dhiganta 216,000 tan oo manganese dioxide ah iyo 284,000 tan oo manganese sulfate ah. Manganese loo isticmaalo sida walxaha katoojka ee baytariyada lithium waxaa inta badan loo qaybiyaa manganese baytariyada ternary iyo manganese baytariyada lithium manganate. Iyadoo kororka shixnadaha baytariyada ternary ee korontada mustaqbalka, waxaan ku qiyaaseynaa in isticmaalka manganese ee adduunka ee baytariyada ternary ee korontada uu ka kordhi doono 61,000 ilaa 61,000 22-25. tan uu kordhay ilaa 92,000 tan, baahida u dhiganta ee manganese sulfate-na waxay ka korodhay 186,000 tan ilaa 284,000 tan (ilaha manganese ee walaxda katoojka ee baytariga ternary waa manganese sulfate); Sida laga soo xigtay Xinchen Information iyo Boshi, kororka baahida loo qabo gawaarida korontada ku shaqeeya ee laba-taayir leh, sida laga soo xigtay Xinchen Information iyo Boshi Sida laga soo xigtay prospectus-ka tiknoolajiyadda sare, shixnadaha lithium manganate cathode ee caalamiga ah ayaa la filayaa inay noqdaan 224,000 oo tan 25 sano gudahood, taasoo u dhiganta isticmaalka manganese oo ah 136,000 oo tan, iyo baahida manganese dioxide oo u dhiganta oo ah 216,000 oo tan (isha manganese ee walaxda lithium manganate cathode waa manganese dioxide).
Ilaha Manganese waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyinka kheyraadka hodanka ah, qiimaha hooseeya, iyo daaqadaha danab sare leh ee agabka ku salaysan manganese. Iyadoo tignoolajiyadu ay horumarayso oo geeddi-socodkeeduna uu sii xoogaysanayo, warshadaha baytariyada sida Tesla, BYD, CATL, iyo Guoxuan High-tech waxay bilaabeen inay adeegsadaan agabka katooliga ku salaysan manganese ee la xiriira. Soo saarista.
Habka warshadaynta ee fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium ayaa la filayaa in la dedejiyo. 1) Marka la isku daro faa'iidooyinka fosfate-ka birta lithium iyo baytariyada ternary, waxay leedahay cufnaan badbaado iyo tamar labadaba. Sida laga soo xigtay Shabakadda Nonferrous ee Shanghai, fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium waa nooc la casriyeeyay oo fosfate-ka birta lithium ah. Ku darista curiyaha manganese waxay kordhin kartaa danabka baytariga. Cufnaanta tamarteeda aragtiyeed waxay 15% ka sarreysaa tan fosfate-ka birta lithium, waxayna leedahay xasillooni maadi ah. Hal tan oo fosfate-ka manganese ah Waxyaabaha ku jira fosfate-ka lithium waa 13%. 2) Horumarka Tiknoolajiyadda: Sababtoo ah ku darista curiyaha manganese, baytariyada fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium waxay leeyihiin dhibaatooyin sida wadida liidata iyo cimriga wareegga oo yaraada, kuwaas oo lagu hagaajin karo nanotechnology-ga walxaha, naqshadeynta qaab-dhismeedka, doping-ka ion-ka iyo dahaarka dusha sare. 3) Dardargelinta habka warshadaha: Shirkadaha baytariyada sida CATL, Shiinaha Innovation Aviation, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Sunwoda, iwm. dhammaantood waxay soo saareen baytariyada fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium; shirkadaha cathode sida Defang Nano, Rongbai Technology, Dangsheng Technology, iwm. Qaabaynta walxaha fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium; Shirkadda baabuurta ee Niu GOVAF0 waxay ku qalabaysan yihiin baytariyada fosfate-ka ee birta lithium, NIO waxay bilowday soo saarista yar ee baytariyada fosfate-ka ee birta lithium ee Hefei, iyo Battery-ga Fudi ee BYD ayaa bilaabay inay iibsato phosphate-ka manganese ee birta lithium Qalabka: Qalabka dayactirka ee Tesla ee gudaha Model 3 wuxuu isticmaalaa baytariga fosfate-ka ee cusub ee CATL ee M3P ee birta lithium.
Manganese loogu talagalay lithium iron manganese phosphate cathode: Iyada oo la raacayo qiyaaso dhexdhexaad ah oo rajo leh, baahida caalamiga ah ee lithium iron manganese phosphate cathode waxaa la filayaa inay noqoto 268,000/358,000 tan 25 sano gudahood, baahida manganese ee u dhigantana waa 35,000/47,000 tan.
Sida laga soo xigtay saadaasha Gaogong Lithium Battery, marka la gaaro 2025, heerka gelitaanka suuqa ee walxaha kathode-ka ee birta lithium manganese phosphate ayaa ka badnaan doona 15% marka la barbar dhigo walxaha kathode-ka ee birta lithium phosphorus. Sidaa darteed, marka la eego xaaladaha dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa rajo wanaagsan leh, heerarka gelitaanka ee birta lithium manganese phosphate 23-25 sano waa siday u kala horreeyaan 4%/9%/15%, 5%/11%/20%. Suuqa baabuurta laba-taayir leh: Waxaan fileynaa in baytariyada birta lithium manganese phosphate ay dardar gelin doonaan gelitaanka suuqa baabuurta laba-taayir leh ee Shiinaha. Dalalka dibadda looma tixgelin doono xasaasiyad la'aanta kharashka iyo shuruudaha cufnaanta tamarta oo sarreeya. Waxaa la filayaa in xaaladaha dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa rajo wanaagsan leh 25 sano gudahood, lithium iron manganese phosphate ay noqon doonto Baahida loo qabo kathodes-ka waa 1.1/15,000 tan, baahida u dhiganta ee manganese-kana waa 0.1/0.2 milyan oo tan. Suuqa baabuurta korontada ku shaqeeya: Haddii aan u qaadanno in fosfate-ka manganese ee birta lithium uu gebi ahaanba beddelayo fosfate-ka birta lithium oo loo isticmaalo iyadoo lagu darayo baytariyada ternary (sida waafaqsan saamiga alaabada la xiriira ee Tiknoolajiyadda Rongbai, waxaan u qaadaneynaa in saamiga doping-ku uu yahay 10%), waxaa la filayaa in dhexdhexaad ah iyo xaaladaha rajo wanaagsan, baahida loo qabo katodes-ka manganese ee birta lithium waa 257,000/343,000 tan, baahida manganese ee u dhigantana waa 33,000/45,000 tan.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha macdanta manganese, manganese sulfate, iyo manganese electrolytic waxay ku jiraan heer aad u hooseeya taariikhda, qiimaha manganese dioxide-na wuxuu ku jiraa heer aad u sarreeya taariikhda. Sannadkii 2021, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay xakamaynta isticmaalka tamarta laba-geesoodka ah iyo yaraanta korontada, ururku wuxuu si wadajir ah u joojiyay wax soo saarka, sahayda manganese electrolytic ayaa hoos u dhacday, qiimuhuna si weyn ayuu u kacay, taasoo keentay in qiimaha macdanta manganese, manganese sulfate, iyo manganese electrolytic uu kor u kaco. Ka dib 2022, baahida hoos u dhacday ayaa daciiftay, qiimaha manganese electrolytic-na wuu hoos u dhacay, halka qiimaha manganese electrolytic-na uu hoos u dhacay. Manganese, manganese sulfate, iwm., sababtoo ah kororka joogtada ah ee baytariyada lithium-ka ee hoose, sixitaanka qiimuhu ma aha mid muhiim ah. Muddada dheer, baahida hoos u dhacday waxay inta badan u badan tahay manganese sulfate iyo manganese dioxide ee baytariyada. Iyada oo laga faa'iideysanayo mugga kordhay ee walxaha kathode-ka ku salaysan manganese, waxaa la filayaa in xarunta qiimaha ay kor u kacdo.