Site na mmụba na ojiji nke batrị ike ọhụrụ dị ka batrị lithium manganate, ihe ndị dị mma ha dabere na manganese adọtala ọtụtụ mmasị. Dabere na data dị mkpa, ngalaba nyocha ahịa nke UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. chịkọtara ọnọdụ mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ manganese nke China maka ntụaka nke ndị ahịa anyị.
1. Mmanụ Manganese: Ọkụ ahụ na-adabere na mbubata, ikike mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ndị a na-emepụta na-agbakwa nke ukwuu.
1.1 Azụmahịa ụlọ ọrụ Manganese
Ngwaahịa Manganese bara ụba n'ụdị dị iche iche, a na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'ịmepụta ígwè, ha nwekwara nnukwu ikike n'ịmepụta batrị. Ígwè Manganese bụ ọlaọcha ọcha, siri ike ma gbawaa agbawa. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ọcha, ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma na ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma n'ime usoro nhazi ígwè. Alloy silicon-manganese, ferromanganese carbon dị ala na ferromanganese dị elu bụ isi ihe ndị ahịa manganese. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa manganese eme ihe n'imepụta ihe ndị dị ka cathode ternary na ihe lithium manganate cathode, nke bụ ebe a na-etinye ihe nwere nnukwu ike maka uto n'ọdịnihu. A na-ejikarị manganese eme ihe site na manganese metallurgical na manganese kemịkalụ. 1) N'elu: Ngwuputa na ihe eji agwakọta ihe. Ụdị ọla Manganese gụnyere manganese oxide ore, manganese carbonate ore, wdg. 2) Nhazi etiti: Enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụzọ abụọ dị mkpa: usoro injinia kemịkalụ na usoro metallurgical. A na-ahazi ngwaahịa dịka manganese dioxide, manganese metal, ferromanganese na silicomanganese site na iji sulfuric acid leaching ma ọ bụ mbelata ọkụ eletrik. 3) Ngwa ndị dị n'okpuru ala: Ngwa ndị dị n'okpuru ala na-ekpuchi alloy ígwè, katod batrị, ihe na-akpali akpali, ọgwụ na ubi ndị ọzọ.
1.2 Manganese ore: A na-etinye akụrụngwa dị elu n'ofe mba ọzọ, China na-adaberekwa na mbubata ya.
A na-ahụkarị ihe ndị dị n'ụwa niile na mba South Africa, China, Australia na Brazil, ebe ihe ndị dị n'ime manganese nke China nọ n'ọkwa nke abụọ n'ụwa. Akụrụngwa manganese zuru ụwa ọnụ, mana ha na-agbasaghị nke ọma. Dịka data Wind si kwuo, dịka ọ dị na Disemba 2022, ihe ndị dị n'ime manganese nke a nwalechara n'ụwa bụ tọn ijeri 1.7, pasentị 37.6 n'ime ha dị na mba South Africa, pasentị 15.9 na mba Brazil, pasentị 15.9 na mba Australia, na pasentị 8.2 na mba Ukraine. Na 2022, ihe ndị dị n'ime manganese nke mba China ga-abụ tọn nde 280, nke ga-abụ pasentị 16.5 nke ngụkọta ụwa, ihe ndị dị n'ime ha ga-abụkwa nke abụọ n'ụwa.
Ọkwa nke akụrụngwa ọla manganese zuru ụwa ọnụ dị iche iche, a na-etinyekwa akụrụngwa dị elu na mba ofesi. A na-etinye mmanụ ọla nwere Manganese (nke nwere ihe karịrị 30% manganese) na South Africa, Gabon, Australia na Brazil. Ọkwa ọla manganese dị n'etiti 40-50%, ebe nchekwa ahụ bụ ihe karịrị 70% nke nchekwa ụwa. China na Ukraine na-adaberekarị na akụrụngwa ọla manganese dị ala. Karịsịa, ọdịnaya manganese na-adịkarị obere karịa 30%, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka a hazie ya tupu e jiri ya mee ihe.
Ndị kacha emepụta magnesia n'ụwa bụ South Africa, Gabon na Australia, ebe China na-enweta 6%. Dịka ifufe si kwuo, mmepụta magnesia n'ụwa niile na 2022 ga-abụ tọn nde iri abụọ, nke bụ mbelata kwa afọ nke 0.5%, ebe mba ofesi na-enweta ihe karịrị 90%. N'ime ha, mmepụta nke South Africa, Gabon na Australia bụ tọn nde asaa na iri abụọ, nde anọ na isii na tọn atọ na atọ. Mmepụta magnesia n' China bụ tọn itoolu na iri itoolu. Ọ bụ naanị pasent ise nke mmepụta zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Nkesa nke ọla manganese na China adịghị nhata, nke a na-ahụkarị na Guangxi, Guizhou na ebe ndị ọzọ. Dịka "Nnyocha gbasara akụrụngwa ọla Manganese nke China na Nsogbu Nchekwa Agbụ Ụlọ Ọrụ" si kwuo (Ren Hui et al.), ọla manganese nke China bụ isi ihe ndị dị na manganese carbonate, yana obere ego nke ọla manganese oxide na ụdị ọla ndị ọzọ. Dịka Ministri nke Akụrụngwa Okike si kwuo, nchekwa akụ ọla manganese nke China na 2022 bụ tọn nde 280. Mpaghara nwere nchekwa ọla manganese kachasị elu bụ Guangxi, nwere nchekwa nde 120, nke ruru pasent 43 nke nchekwa mba ahụ; Guizhou sochiri ya, nwere nchekwa nde 50, nke ruru pasent 43 nke nchekwa mba ahụ. 18%.
Ebe a na-etinye manganese na China dị obere ma dịkwa obere. E nwere obere ebe a na-egwupụta manganese na China, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụkwa obere ebe a na-egwupụta. Dịka "Nnyocha gbasara Akụrụngwa Manganese nke China na Nsogbu Nchekwa Agbụ Ụlọ Ọrụ" si kwuo (Ren Hui et al.), nkezi ọkwa nke manganese ore na China dị ihe dị ka 22%, nke bụ obere ebe a na-egwupụta manganese. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na enweghị ọtụtụ ebe a na-egwupụta manganese nke na-emezu ụkpụrụ mba ụwa, ebe obere ebe a na-egwupụta manganese chọrọ ka ejiri ya naanị mgbe emechara ka ọkwa ahụ ka mma site na nhazi mineral.
Ndabere na mbubata ọla manganese nke China bụ ihe dị ka pasent 95. N'ihi obere ọkwa nke akụrụngwa ọla manganese nke China, nnukwu ihe na-adịghị ọcha, nnukwu ọnụ ahịa igwu ala, na njikwa nchekwa na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike na ụlọ ọrụ igwu ala, mmepụta ọla manganese nke China na-ebelata kwa afọ. Dịka data sitere na US Geological Survey si kwuo, mmepụta ọla manganese nke China ebelatala n'ime afọ 10 gara aga. Mmepụta belatara nke ukwuu site na 2016 ruo 2018 na 2021. Mmepụta kwa afọ ugbu a bụ ihe dị ka tọn nde 1. China dabere nke ukwuu na mbubata ọla manganese, ntụkwasị obi mpụga ya agafeela pasent 95 n'ime afọ ise gara aga. Dịka data Wind si kwuo, mmepụta ọla manganese nke China ga-abụ tọn 990,000 na 2022, ebe mbubata ga-eru tọn nde 29.89, yana ntụkwasị obi mbubata dị elu ruo pasent 96.8.
1.3 Electrolytic manganese: China na-akpata 98% nke mmepụta na ikike mmepụta zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Mmepụta manganese electrolytic nke China dị na mpaghara etiti na ọdịda anyanwụ. Mmepụta manganese electrolytic nke China dị na Ningxia, Guangxi, Hunan na Guizhou, nke ruru 31%, 21%, 20% na 12% n'otu n'otu. Dịka ụlọ ọrụ ígwè si kwuo, mmepụta manganese electrolytic nke China bụ 98% nke mmepụta manganese electrolytic zuru ụwa ọnụ ma bụrụkwa onye na-emepụta manganese electrolytic kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.
Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na China nwere ikike mmepụta ihe dị elu, ebe ikike mmepụta ihe na Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry bụ 33% nke ngụkọta mba ahụ. Dịka Baichuan Yingfu si kwuo, ruo na June 2023, ikike mmepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na China ruru tọn nde 2.455. Ụlọ ọrụ iri kachasị elu bụ Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry, Southern Manganese Group, Tianxiong Technology, wdg, nwere ikike mmepụta ihe dị nde tọn 1.71, nke na-egosi ikike mmepụta ihe na mba ahụ ruru 70%. N'ime ha, Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry nwere ikike mmepụta ihe kwa afọ nke tọn 800,000, nke na-egosi 33% nke ikike mmepụta ihe na mba ahụ dum.
Atumatu ụlọ ọrụ na ụkọ ọkụ eletrik metụtara ya,manganese electrolyticMmepụta ebelatala n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site na mmalite nke ebumnuche "carbon okpukpu abụọ" nke China, amụma nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi aghọọla ihe siri ike karị, ọsọ nke imeziwanye ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe amụbaala ngwa ngwa, ewepụla ikike mmepụta azụ, achịkwala ikike mmepụta ọhụrụ nke ọma, ihe ndị dị ka mmachi ike n'ebe ụfọdụ enweghị mmepụta zuru oke, mmepụta na 2021 ebelatala. Na Julaị 2022, Kọmitii Pụrụ Iche nke Manganese nke China Ferroalloy Industry Association wepụtara atụmatụ iji belata ma belata mmepụta site na ihe karịrị 60%. Na 2022, mmepụta manganese electrolytic nke China dara ruo tọn 852,000 (yoy-34.7%). Na Ọktoba 22, Kọmitii Ọrụ Mmepụta Ihe Ọkụ Electrolytic Manganese nke China Mining Association tụrụ aro ebumnuche nke ịkwụsị mmepụta niile na Jenụwarị 2023 na 50% nke mmepụta site na Febụwarị ruo Disemba. Na Nọvemba 22, Kọmitii Ọrụ Mmepụta Ihe Ọkụ nke Electrolytic Manganese nke China Mining Association tụrụ aro ka ụlọ ọrụ anyị nọgide na-akwụsị mmepụta na ịkwalite, ma hazie mmepụta na 60% nke ikike mmepụta. Anyị na-atụ anya na mmepụta manganese electrolytic agaghị abawanye nke ukwuu na 2023.
Ọnụego ọrụ ahụ ka dị ihe dịka 50%, ọnụego ọrụ ahụ ga-agbanwekwa nke ukwuu na 2022. Site na atụmatụ njikọ aka na 2022, ọnụego ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ manganese electrolytic nke China ga-agbanwe nke ukwuu, ebe nkezi ọnụego ọrụ maka afọ ahụ bụ 33.5%. Emere nkwụsịtụ na nkwalite mmepụta na nkeji mbụ nke 2022, ọnụego ọrụ na February na March bụ naanị 7% na 10.5%. Mgbe njikọ aka ahụ mere nzukọ na njedebe nke July, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị na njikọ aka ahụ belatara ma ọ bụ kwụsịtụrụ mmepụta, ọnụego ọrụ na August, Septemba na Ọktoba erughị 30%.
1.4 Manganese dioxide: N'ihi na lithium manganese na-akwalite ya, uto mmepụta na-aga ngwa ngwa, ikike mmepụta na-agbakọtakwa.
N'ihi ọchịchọ maka ihe lithium manganese, China maliteremanganese dioxide nke electrolyticMmepụta amụbaala nke ukwuu. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, n'ihi ọchịchọ maka ihe lithium manganate, ọchịchọ maka lithium manganate electrolytic manganese dioxide amụbaala nke ukwuu, mmepụta China amụbaala nke ukwuu. Dịka "Nkọwa Dị Mkpirikpi nke Manganese Ore zuru ụwa ọnụ na Mmepụta Ngwaahịa Manganese nke China na 2020" (Qin Deliang) si kwuo, mmepụta manganese dioxide electrolytic nke China na 2020 bụ tọn 351,000, mmụba kwa afọ nke 14.3%. Na 2022, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ga-akwụsị mmepụta maka mmezi, mmepụta nke electrolytic manganese dioxide ga-ebelata. Dịka data sitere na Shanghai Nonferrous Metal Network si kwuo, mmepụta manganese dioxide electrolytic nke China na 2022 ga-abụ tọn 268,000.
Ike mmepụta manganese dioxide nke China dị na Guangxi, Hunan na Guizhou. China bụ mba kachasị emepụta manganese dioxide nke nwere electrolytic n'ụwa. Dịka Huajing Industrial Research Institute si kwuo, mmepụta manganese dioxide nke China nwere electrolytic ruru ihe dị ka pasent 73 nke mmepụta zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2018. Mmepụta manganese dioxide nke China nwere electrolytic na Guangxi, Hunan na Guizhou, ebe mmepụta Guangxi nwere oke kachasị. Dịka Huajing Industrial Research Institute si kwuo, mmepụta manganese dioxide nke Guangxi nwere electrolytic na Guangxi bụ pasent 74.4 nke mmepụta mba ahụ na 2020.
1.5 Manganese sulfate: na-erite uru site na mmụba ikike batrị na ikike mmepụta siri ike
Mmepụta manganese sulfate nke China na-emepụta ihe dị ka pasentị 66 nke mmepụta ụwa, ebe ikike mmepụta ya dị na Guangxi. Dịka QYResearch si kwuo, China bụ mba kachasị emepụta manganese sulfate na ndị na-azụ ahịa na mba kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa. Na 2021, mmepụta manganese sulfate nke China ruru ihe dị ka pasentị 66 nke mkpokọta ụwa; mkpokọta ahịa manganese sulfate zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2021 bụ ihe dị ka tọn 550,000, nke manganese sulfate nke batrị ruru ihe dị ka pasentị 41. A na-atụ anya na mkpokọta ahịa manganese sulfate zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-abụ tọn nde 1.54 na 2027, nke manganese sulfate nke batrị ruru ihe dị ka pasentị 73. Dịka "Nkọwa Dị Mkpirikpi nke Manganese Ore zuru ụwa ọnụ na Mmepụta Ngwaahịa Manganese nke China na 2020" (Qin Deliang) si kwuo, mmepụta manganese sulfate nke China na 2020 bụ tọn 479,000, nke a na-etinyekarị na Guangxi, nke ruru pasentị 31.7.
Dịka Baichuan Yingfu si kwuo, ikike mmepụta manganese sulfate dị ọcha nke China kwa afọ ga-abụ tọn 500,000 na 2022. Ike mmepụta ahụ dị oke elu, CR3 bụ pasent 60, mmepụta ya bụkwa tọn 278,000. A na-atụ anya na ikike mmepụta ọhụrụ a ga-abụ tọn 310,000 (Tianyuan Manganese Industry 300,000 tọn + Nanhai Chemical 10,000 tọn).
2. Ọchịchọ maka manganese: Usoro mmepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu, ntinye aka nke ihe ndị dị na katode nke manganese na-abawanye.
2.1 Ọchịchọ ọdịnala: 90% bụ ígwè, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-anọgide na-eguzosi ike
Ụlọ ọrụ ígwè na-akpata 90% nke ọchịchọ dị n'okpuru ala maka ọla manganese, a na-agbasakwa ojiji nke batrị lithium-ion. Dịka "Akụkọ Kwa Afọ nke IMnI EPD Conference (2022)" si kwuo, a na-ejikarị ọla manganese eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ ígwè, a na-eji ihe karịrị 90% nke ọla manganese eme ihe n'imepụta ọla silicon-manganese na ferroalloy manganese, a na-ejikwa ọla manganese fọdụrụnụ eme ihe n'imepụta ọla manganese dioxide na ọla manganese sulfate nke ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. Dịka Baichuan Yingfu si kwuo, ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ala nke ọla manganese bụ ọla manganese, ọla manganese electrolytic, na ogige manganese. N'ime ha, a na-eji 60%-80% nke ọla manganese eme ihe n'imepụta ọla manganese (maka ígwè na ihe nkedo, wdg), a na-ejikwa 20% nke ọla manganese eme ihe n'ime mmepụta. Electrolytic manganese (eji emepụta ígwè anaghị agba nchara, ọla, wdg), a na-eji 5-10% emepụta ogige manganese (eji emepụta ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ala, ihe ndọta, wdg).
Manganese maka ígwè dị nro: A na-atụ anya na ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru tọn nde 20.66 n'ime afọ 25. Dịka International Manganese Association si kwuo, a na-eji manganese eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ígwè dị nro ma na-eme ka ọ dị nro n'ụdị nke nwere nnukwu carbon, ọkara-carbon ma ọ bụ obere carbon-manganese na silicon-manganese n'oge mmepụta ígwè dị nro. Ọ nwere ike igbochi oke oxidation n'oge usoro nchacha ma zere mgbawa na mgbawa. Ọ na-eme ka ike, ike, ike na nhazi nke ígwè dịkwuo mma. Ọdịnaya manganese nke ígwè pụrụ iche dị elu karịa nke ígwè carbon. A na-atụ anya na nkezi ọdịnaya manganese zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ígwè dị nro ga-abụ 1.1%. Malite na 2021, National Development and Reform Commission na ngalaba ndị ọzọ ga-arụ ọrụ mbelata mmepụta ígwè dị nro nke mba, ma ga-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mbelata mmepụta ígwè dị nro na 2022, yana nsonaazụ dị ịrịba ama. Site na 2020 ruo 2022, mmepụta ígwè dị nro nke mba ahụ ga-ebelata site na tọn ijeri 1.065 ruo tọn ijeri 1.013. A na-atụ anya na n'ọdịnihu, mmepụta ígwè dị na Chaịna na ụwa agaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
2.2 Ọchịchọ batrị: ntinye aka nke ihe kathode nke manganese
A na-ejikarị batrị Lithium manganese oxide eme ihe n'ahịa dijitalụ, obere ahịa ike na ahịa ụgbọala ndị njem. Ha nwere arụmọrụ nchekwa dị elu ma dị ọnụ ala, mana ha enweghị njupụta ike na arụmọrụ okirikiri dị mma. Dịka Xinchen Information si kwuo, mbupu ihe lithium manganate cathode nke China site na 2019 ruo 2021 bụ tọn 7.5/9.1/102,000 n'otu n'otu, na tọn 66,000 na 2022. Nke a bụ isi n'ihi ọdịda akụ na ụba na China na 2022 na mmụba ọnụahịa na-aga n'ihu nke lithium carbonate ihe eji arụ ọrụ. Ọnụ ahịa na-arị elu na atụmanya oriri na-adịghị ala ala.
Manganese maka katọd batrị lithium: A na-atụ anya na ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-abụ tọn 229,000 na 2025, nke hà nhata tọn 216,000 nke manganese dioxide na tọn 284,000 nke manganese sulfate. Manganese eji dị ka ihe cathode maka batrị lithium na-ekewakarị n'ime manganese maka batrị ternary na manganese maka batrị lithium manganate. Site na mmụba nke mbupu batrị ike ternary n'ọdịnihu, anyị na-eme atụmatụ na oriri manganese zuru ụwa ọnụ maka batrị ike ternary ga-abawanye site na 61,000 ruo 61,000 na tọn 22-25. mụbara ruo tọn 92,000, ọchịchọ kwekọrọ na manganese sulfate mụbara site na tọn 186,000 ruo tọn 284,000 (isi iyi manganese nke ihe cathode nke batrị ternary bụ manganese sulfate); Dịka Xinchen Information na Boshi si kwuo, mmụba nke ọchịchọ maka ụgbọala eletrik nwere wiil abụọ na-agba ọsọ. Dịka akwụkwọ ozi teknụzụ dị elu si kwuo, a na-atụ anya na mbupu lithium manganate kathode zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-abụ tọn 224,000 n'ime afọ 25, nke kwekọrọ na oriri manganese nke tọn 136,000, yana mkpa manganese dioxide kwekọrọ na ya nke tọn 216,000 (isi iyi manganese nke ihe lithium manganate kathode bụ manganese dioxide).
Ebe ndị a na-enweta Manganese nwere uru dị na akụrụngwa bara ụba, ọnụ ahịa dị ala, na windo voltaji dị elu nke ihe ndị e ji manganese mee. Ka teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu na usoro mmepụta ihe ya na-aga n'ihu, ụlọ ọrụ batrị dịka Tesla, BYD, CATL, na Guoxuan High-tech amalitela itinye ihe ndị metụtara kathode nke manganese. Mmepụta.
A na-atụ anya na usoro mmepụta ihe nke lithium iron manganese phosphate ga-eme ngwa ngwa. 1) Ijikọta uru nke lithium iron phosphate na batrị ternary, ọ nwere ma nchekwa na njupụta ike. Dịka Shanghai Nonferrous Network si kwuo, lithium iron manganese phosphate bụ ụdị lithium iron phosphate emelitere. Ịtinye ihe manganese nwere ike ime ka voltaji batrị dịkwuo elu. Njupụta ike ya dị elu karịa nke lithium iron phosphate, ọ na-akwụsikwa ike. Otu tọn iron manganese phosphate. Ọdịnaya lithium manganese dị 13%. 2) Ọganihu teknụzụ: N'ihi mgbakwunye nke ihe manganese, batrị lithium iron manganese phosphate nwere nsogbu dịka enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na ndụ okirikiri belatara, nke enwere ike imeziwanye site na nanotechnology particle, nhazi morphology, doping ion na mkpuchi elu. 3) Ọganihu nke usoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe: Ụlọ ọrụ batrị dịka CATL, China Innovation Aviation, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Sunwoda, wdg. emepụtala batrị lithium iron manganese phosphate; ụlọ ọrụ cathode dịka Defang Nano, Rongbai Technology, Dangsheng Technology, wdg. Nhazi nke ihe lithium iron manganese phosphate cathode; ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọala Niu GOVAF0 nwere batrị phosphate nke ígwè lithium, NIO amalitela imepụta obere batrị phosphate nke ígwè lithium na Hefei, Batrị Fudi nke BYD amalitela ịzụta lithium iron manganese phosphate Ihe eji arụ ọrụ: Model 3 nke ụlọ Tesla na-eji batrị phosphate nke ígwè M3P ọhụrụ nke CATL.
Manganese maka lithium iron manganese phosphate kathode: N'okpuru echiche na-anọpụ iche na nke nwere olileanya, a na-atụ anya na ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka lithium iron manganese phosphate kathode ga-abụ tọn 268,000/358,000 n'ime afọ 25, ọchịchọ manganese kwekọrọ bụ tọn 35,000/47,000.
Dịka amụma Gaogong Lithium Battery si kwuo, ka ọ na-erule afọ 2025, ọnụego ntinye n'ahịa nke ihe lithium iron manganese phosphate cathode ga-akarị 15% ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe lithium iron phosphate. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle ọnọdụ na-anọpụ iche na nke nwere olileanya, ọnụego ntinye n'ime lithium iron manganese phosphate n'ime afọ 23-25 bụ 4%/9%/15%, 5%/11%/20%. Ahịa ụgbọala nwere wiil abụọ: Anyị na-atụ anya na batrị lithium iron manganese phosphate ga-eme ka ntinye n'ahịa ụgbọala eletrik nwere wiil abụọ nke China dịkwuo ngwa ngwa. A gaghị atụle mba ndị dị na mba ọzọ n'ihi enweghị mmetụta na oke ike. A na-atụ anya na n'okpuru ọnọdụ na-anọpụ iche na nke nwere olileanya n'ime afọ 25, lithium iron manganese phosphate ga-achọ cathodes bụ 1.1/15,000 tọn, ọchịchọ kwekọrọ maka manganese bụ 0.1/0.2 nde tọn. Ahịa ụgbọala eletriki: Ọ bụrụ na lithium iron manganese phosphate dochie lithium iron phosphate kpamkpam ma ejiri ya na batrị ternary (dịka oke ngwaahịa Rongbai Technology si dị, anyị na-eche na oke doping bụ 10%), a na-atụ anya na ọ bụ nke na-anọpụ iche na N'ọnọdụ olileanya, ọchịchọ maka lithium iron manganese phosphate cathodes bụ tọn 257,000/343,000, ọchịchọ manganese kwekọrọ bụ tọn 33,000/45,000.
Ugbu a, ọnụahịa nke manganese ore, manganese sulfate, na electrolytic manganese dị n'ọkwa dị ala n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọnụahịa nke manganese dioxide dịkwa n'ọkwa dị elu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Na 2021, n'ihi njikwa ike abụọ na ụkọ ike, njikọ ahụ kwụsịtụla mmepụta ọnụ, ọkọnọ nke electrolytic manganese ebelatala, ọnụ ahịa amụbaala nke ukwuu, na-eme ka ọnụ ahịa nke manganese ore, manganese sulfate, na electrolytic manganese rịa elu. Mgbe 2022 gasịrị, ọchịchọ ebelatala, ọnụ ahịa nke electrolytic manganese agbadala, ebe ọnụ ahịa nke electrolytic manganese dioxide agbadala. Maka manganese, manganese sulfate, wdg, n'ihi mmụba na-aga n'ihu na batrị lithium dị n'okpuru ala, mmezi ọnụahịa adịghị mkpa. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọchịchọ agbada bụ isi maka manganese sulfate na manganese dioxide na batrị. Site na mmụba nke ihe cathode dabere na manganese, a na-atụ anya na etiti ọnụahịa ga-arị elu.