I ngā tau tata nei, kua tino whanake haere te whakamahinga o ngā matū ranu i roto i te hanga rauropi. I roto i ēnei, he maha ngā matū ranu i kitea he mārama te kaha o te whakaterenga whiriwhiri i roto i te tauhohenga o te hanganga here waro-waro; i te wa ano, he maha ngā matū ranu i kitea he tino pai ngā āhuatanga i roto i ngā tauhohenga whakapūngao rauropi me ngā tauhohenga whakaiti rauropi hei huri i ngā rōpū mahi. Ko te whakamahinga ahuwhenua whenua onge he whakatutukitanga rangahau pūtaiao me ngā āhuatanga Hainamana i whiwhihia e ngā kaimahi pūtaiao me te hangarau Hainamana i muri i ngā tau maha o te mahi uaua, ā, kua kaha te whakatairanga hei huarahi nui hei whakanui ake i te whakaputanga ahuwhenua i Haina. He ngāwari te wairewa o te waro whenua onge ki te waikawa hei hanga tote me te hauhā waro e rite ana, ka taea te whakamahi ngāwari i roto i te hanga o ngā tote me ngā matatini whenua onge me te kore e whakauru i ngā poke anionic. Hei tauira, ka taea te tauhohe ki ngā waikawa kaha pēnei i te waikawa hauota, te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa hauota, te waikawa perchloric, me te waikawa whanariki hei hanga tote wairewa-wai. Tauhohe ki te waikawa phosphoric me te waikawa hauwaiora hei huri ki ngā phosphate whenua onge me ngā fluoride kore e wairewa. Tauhohe ki te maha o ngā waikawa rauropi hei hanga i ngā matū rauropi whenua onge e rite ana. Ka taea te waiho hei kationa matatini wairewa, hei anion matatini rānei, hei matū kore wairewa rānei ka whakapūpūtia i runga i te uara o te otinga. I tētahi atu taha, ka taea te wetewete i te warowaihā whenua onge ki roto i ngā waikura e rite ana mā te whakapūpū, ka taea te whakamahi tika i roto i te whakarite i ngā rauemi whenua onge hou. I tēnei wā, ko te putanga ā-tau o te warowaihā whenua onge i Haina he neke atu i te 10,000 tana, e neke atu ana i te hauwhā o ngā taonga whenua onge katoa, e tohu ana he tino nui te mahi a te whakaputanga ahumahi me te whakamahinga o te warowaihā whenua onge ki te whanaketanga o te ahumahi whenua onge.
He matū kore-waro te cerium carbonate, ko tōna tauira matū ko C3Ce2O9, ko tōna taumaha ngota he 460, ko tōna logP he -7.40530, ko tōna PSA he 198.80000, ko tōna pāmahana koropupū he 333.6ºC i te 760 mmHg, ā, ko tōna pāmahana mura he 169.8ºC. I roto i te hanga ahumahi o ngā whenua onge, ko te cerium carbonate he rauemi mata takawaenga mō te whakarite i ngā momo hua cerium pērā i ngā momo tote cerium me te cerium oxide. He whānuitia ōna whakamahinga, ā, he hua whenua onge māmā nui. He momo hanganga lanthanite te tioata cerium carbonate waikura, ā, e whakaatu ana tōna whakaahua SEM he rite te āhua taketake o te tioata cerium carbonate waikura ki te kongakonga, ā, ka herea ngā kongakonga e ngā taunekeneke ngoikore hei hanga i te hanganga rite ki te rau, ā, he wetewete te hanganga, nō reira i raro i te mahi a te kaha miihini ka ngawari te haehae ki ngā kongakonga iti. Ko te cerium carbonate e hangaia ana i roto i te umanga i tēnei wā he 42-46% noa iho o te katoa o te whenua onge i muri i te whakamaroke, ā, ka whakawhāiti tēnei i te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga o te cerium carbonate.
He momo wai iti te whakamahinga, he kounga pumau, kāore e hiahiatia kia whakamaroketia, kia whakamaroketia rānei te cerium carbonate i muri i te whakamaroketanga ā-pokapū, ā, ka taea e te tapeke o ngā whenua onge te eke ki te 72% ki te 74%, ā, he māmā noa te tukanga, he tukanga kotahi-taahiraa mō te whakarite i te cerium carbonate me te nui o ngā whenua onge. Ko te kaupapa hangarau e whai ake nei: ka whakamahia he tikanga kotahi-taahiraa hei whakarite i te cerium carbonate me te nui o ngā whenua onge, arā, ka whakamahanahia te otinga whāngai cerium me te kukū papatipu o CeO240-90g/L i te 95°C ki te 105°C, ā, ka tāpirihia te ammonium bicarbonate me te whakaoho tonu kia puta te cerium carbonate. Ka whakatikatikaina te nui o te ammonium bicarbonate kia oti ai te whakatikatika i te uara pH o te wai whāngai ki te 6.3 ki te 6.5, ā, kia tika te tere tāpiri kia kore ai e rere te wai whāngai i roto i te oko. Ko te otinga whāngai cerium he iti rawa te kotahi o te otinga wai cerium chloride, te otinga wai cerium sulfate, te otinga wai cerium nitrate rānei. Kei te whakamahi te tīma R&D o UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. i tētahi tikanga hanga hou mā te tāpiri i te haukini paikāponate totoka, i te wairewa haukini paikāponate wai rānei.
Ka taea te whakamahi i te cerium carbonate hei hanga i te cerium oxide, te cerium dioxide me ētahi atu rauemi nano. Ko ngā tono me ngā tauira e whai ake nei:
1. He karāhe papura ārai-kanapa e mimiti kaha ana i ngā hihi ultraviolet me te wāhanga kōwhai o te mārama e kitea ana. I runga i te hanganga o te karāhe mānu houra-raima-hirika noa, kei roto ko ngā rauemi mata e whai ake nei i roto i ngā ōrau taumaha: silica 72~82%, waikura konutai 6~15%, waikura konupūmā 4~13%, waikura konupora 2~8%, Alumina 0~3%, waikura rino 0.05~0.3%, cerium carbonate 0.1~3%, neodymium carbonate 0.4~1.2%, manganese dioxide 0.5~3%. Ko te matotoru o te karāhe 4mm he nui ake i te 80% te whakawhiti mārama e kitea ana, he iti iho i te 15% te whakawhiti ultraviolet, ā, he iti iho i te 15% te whakawhiti i ngā roangaru 568-590 nm.
2. He peita penapena-pūngao werawera, e tohuhia ana mā te whakaranu i te whakakī me te rauemi hanga kiriata, ā, ka hangaia te whakakī mā te whakaranu i ngā rauemi mata e whai ake nei i ngā wāhanga taumaha: 20 ki te 35 wāhanga o te hauhā silicon, me te 8 ki te 20 wāhanga o te waikura konumohe. , 4 ki te 10 wāhanga o te waikura titanium, 4 ki te 10 wāhanga o te zirconia, 1 ki te 5 wāhanga o te waikura konutea, 1 ki te 5 wāhanga o te waikura konupora, 0.8 ki te 5 wāhanga o te karawiti silicon, 0.02 ki te 0.5 wāhanga o te waikura yttrium, me te 0.01 ki te 1.5 wāhanga o te waikura chromium. wāhanga, 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te kaolin, 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o ngā rauemi whenua onge, 0.8-5 wāhanga o te pango waro, ko te rahi o te matūriki o ia rauemi mata he 1-5 μm; kei roto i ngā rauemi whenua onge ko te 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre lanthanum, 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre cerium, 1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre praseodymium, 0.01 ki te 1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre praseodymium, 0.01 ki te 1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre neodymium me te 0.01 ki te 1.5 wāhanga o te promethium nitrate; ko te rauemi hanga kiriata ko te konukōre pāhare pākawa konutai; ka konatunatua te konukōre pāhare pākawa konutai ki te taumaha ōrite o te konukōre pāhare pākawa me te konukōre pāhare pākawa. Ko te ōwehenga ranunga taumaha o te whakakī me te rauemi hanga kiriata ko te 2.5:7.5, 3.8:6.2, 4.8:5.2 rānei. Hei tāpiri, ko tētahi momo tikanga whakarite peita penapena-pūngao endothermic e whakaahuatia ana i roto i ēnei mahi e whai ake nei:
Hipanga 1, te whakarite i te whakakī, tuatahi paunatia kia 20-35 ngā wāhanga o te silica, 8-20 ngā wāhanga o te alumina, 4-10 ngā wāhanga o te titanium oxide, 4-10 ngā wāhanga o te zirconia, me te 1-5 ngā wāhanga o te zinc oxide mā te taumaha. , 1 ki te 5 ngā wāhanga o te konupora oxide, 0.8 ki te 5 ngā wāhanga o te silicon carbide, 0.02 ki te 0.5 ngā wāhanga o te yttrium oxide, 0.01 ki te 1.5 ngā wāhanga o te chromium trioxide, 0.01 ki te 1.5 ngā wāhanga o te kaolin, 0.01 ki te 1.5 ngā wāhanga o ngā rauemi whenua onge, me te 0.8 ki te 5 ngā wāhanga o te waro pango, kātahi ka whakaranua kia ōrite ki roto i te mīhini whakaranu kia whiwhi ai i te whakakī; kei roto i te rauemi whenua onge te 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre lanthanum, te 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre cerium, te 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre praseodymium, te 0.01-1.5 wāhanga o te konukōre neodymium me te 0.01~1.5 wāhanga o te promethium nitrate;
Hipanga 2, te whakarite i te rauemi hanga kiriata, ko te rauemi hanga kiriata ko te konutai pāhare pākawa waro; paunatia tuatahi te pāhare pākawa waro me te konutai pāhare pākawa waro mā te taumaha, kātahi ka whakaranua kia ōrite kia whiwhi ai i te rauemi hanga kiriata; ka whakaranua te konutai pāhare pākawa waro ki te taumaha ōrite o te pāhare pākawa waro me te konutai pāhare pākawa waro;
Hipanga 3, ko te ōwehenga whakaranu o te whakakī me te rauemi kiriata mā te taumaha he 2.5: 7.5, 3.8: 6.2, 4.8: 5.2 rānei, ā, ka whakaranua kia ōrite te ranunga, ka marara kia whiwhi ai i te ranunga;
I te taahiraa 4, ka mirahia te ranunga mō ngā haora 6-8, kātahi ka whiwhi i te hua kua oti mā te whakawhiti i roto i te tātari, ā, ko te mata o te tātari he 1-5 μm.
3. Te Whakarite i te Waikura Cerium Tino Pai: Mā te whakamahi i te waro cerium hydrated hei matūriki, i whakaritea te waikura cerium tino pai me te rahi matūriki waenga iti iho i te 3 μm mā te mira pōro tika me te whakapūkara. He hanganga fluorite pūtoru ngā hua katoa. I te pikinga ake o te pāmahana whakapūkara, ka heke te rahi matūriki o ngā hua, ka whaiti te tohatoha rahi matūriki, ā, ka piki ake te tioata. Heoi, ko te kaha whakapūkara o ngā karāhe rerekē e toru i whakaatu i te uara mōrahi i waenga i te 900℃ me te 1000℃. Nō reira, e whakaponohia ana ko te tere tango o ngā matū mata karāhe i te wā o te tukanga whakapūkara ka pāngia nui e te rahi matūriki, te tioata me te mahi mata o te paura whakapūkara.