N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, e mepụtara ojiji nke ihe ndị na-eme ka lanthanide dị n'ime ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe site na mmụba na oke. N'ime ha, a chọpụtara na ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-eme ka lanthanide dị iche iche nwere ihe ndị na-eme ka a na-ahọrọ ha nke ọma na mmeghachi omume nke njikọ carbon-carbon; n'otu oge ahụ, a chọpụtara na ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-eme ka lanthanide dị mma na mmeghachi omume oxidation organic na mmeghachi omume mbelata organic iji gbanwee otu ọrụ. Ojiji ọrụ ugbo dị ụkọ bụ ihe a rụzuru na nyocha sayensị yana njirimara ndị China nke ndị ọrụ sayensị na teknụzụ China nwetara mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ọrụ siri ike gasịrị, a kwalitekwara ya nke ọma dị ka ihe dị mkpa iji mụbaa mmepụta ọrụ ugbo na China. A na-agbaze carbonate dị ụkọ na acid ngwa ngwa iji mepụta nnu na carbon dioxide kwekọrọ, nke enwere ike iji ya mee ihe n'ụzọ dị mfe na njikọta nke nnu ụwa dị iche iche na mgbagwoju anya na-enweghị itinye ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha anionic. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike imeghachi omume na acid siri ike dị ka nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, na sulfuric acid iji mepụta nnu mmiri na-agbaze. Meghachi omume na phosphoric acid na hydrofluoric acid iji gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ phosphates na fluoride na-adịghị agbaze. Meghachi omume na ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-eme ka lanthanide dị nro iji mepụta ihe ndị na-eme ka ala dị ụkọ. Ha nwere ike ịbụ cations mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ anions dị mgbagwoju anya, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta ndị na-anaghị agbaze agbaze na-adabere na uru ngwọta ahụ. N'aka nke ọzọ, enwere ike ịgbaze carbonate dị ụkọ ka ọ bụrụ oxides kwekọrọ na ya site na calcination, nke enwere ike iji ozugbo kwadebe ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ dị ụkọ. Ugbu a, mmepụta kwa afọ nke carbonate dị ụkọ na China karịrị tọn 10,000, nke na-aza ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ngwaahịa ụwa dị ụkọ, na-egosi na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na itinye carbonate dị ụkọ na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ụwa dị ụkọ.
Cerium carbonate bụ ihe mejupụtara inorganic nke nwere usoro kemịkalụ nke C3Ce2O9, ibu molekul nke 460, logP nke -7.40530, PSA nke 198.80000, isi mmiri nke 333.6ºC na 760 mmHg, na isi ọkụ nke 169.8ºC. N'ime mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke ala dị ụkọ, cerium carbonate bụ ihe eji eme ihe maka nkwadebe nke ngwaahịa cerium dị iche iche dịka nnu cerium dị iche iche na cerium oxide. O nwere ọtụtụ ojiji ma bụrụ ngwaahịa dị mkpa nke ala dị ụkọ. Cristal carbonate cerium hydrated nwere ụdị lanthanite, foto SEM ya na-egosi na ọdịdị bụ isi nke crystal carbonate cerium hydrated dị ka flake, a na-ejikọkwa flakes ọnụ site na mmekọrịta na-adịghị ike iji mepụta usoro dị ka petal, nhazi ahụ dịkwa nro, yabụ n'okpuru ọrụ nke ike igwe Ọ dị mfe ikewapụ n'ime obere iberibe. Cerium carbonate a na-emepụta n'ụlọ ọrụ a ugbu a nwere naanị 42-46% nke ụwa a na-adịghị ahụkebe mgbe ọ kpọchara nkụ, nke na-egbochi mmepụta nke cerium carbonate.
Ụdị obere mmiri oriri, ịdị mma kwụsiri ike, cerium carbonate emepụtara anaghị achọ ka akpọọ nkụ ma ọ bụ kpọọ nkụ mgbe centrifugal kpọchara, ọnụọgụgụ ụwa dị ụkọ nwere ike iru 72% ruo 74%, usoro a dịkwa mfe ma bụrụ otu nzọụkwụ maka ịkwadebe cerium carbonate nwere nnukwu oke ala dị ụkọ. A na-eji usoro teknụzụ a: a na-eji otu ụzọ iji kwadebe cerium carbonate nwere nnukwu oke ala dị ụkọ, ya bụ, a na-ekpo ọkụ ihe ngwọta nri cerium nwere oke oke nke CeO240-90g/L na 95°C ruo 105°C, a na-agbakwunye ammonium bicarbonate n'okpuru mkpali mgbe niile iji kpalite cerium carbonate. A na-agbanwe ọnụọgụ ammonium bicarbonate ka uru pH nke mmiri nri wee gbanwee ruo 6.3 ruo 6.5, ọnụego mgbakwunye ahụ dabara adaba ka mmiri nri ghara ịpụ na trough. Ihe ngwọta nri cerium bụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu n'ime ihe ngwọta mmiri cerium chloride, ihe ngwọta mmiri cerium sulfate ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta mmiri cerium nitrate. Ndị otu nyocha na mmepe nke UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. na-eji usoro mmepụta ọhụrụ eme ihe site na ịgbakwunye ammonium bicarbonate siri ike ma ọ bụ mmiri ammonium bicarbonate.
A pụrụ iji cerium carbonate kwadebe cerium oxide, cerium dioxide na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na nanomaterials. Ihe atụ na ojiji ha bụ ndị a:
1. Iko violet na-egbochi glare nke na-amịkọrọ ụzarị ultraviolet na akụkụ odo nke ìhè a na-ahụ anya nke ọma. Dabere na ihe mejupụtara iko soda-lime-silica nkịtị, ọ gụnyere ihe ndị a na-emepụta na pasentị ibu: silica 72~82%, sodium oxide 6~15%, calcium oxide 4~13%, magnesium oxide 2~8%, Alumina 0~3%, iron oxide 0.05~0.3%, cerium carbonate 0.1~3%, neodymium carbonate 0.4~1.2%, manganese dioxide 0.5~3%. Iko ahụ dị ọkpụrụkpụ nke 4mm nwere nnyefe ìhè a na-ahụ anya karịa 80%, nnyefe ultraviolet erughị 15%, na nnyefe na ogologo ebili mmiri nke 568-590 nm erughị 15%.
2. Agba endothermic nke na-azọpụta ike, nke a na-akọwa na a na-emepụta ya site na ịgwakọta ihe na-emeju ihe na ihe na-eme ka ihe na-emeju ihe, a na-akpụkwa ihe na-emeju ihe ndị a site na ịgwakọta ihe ndị a n'akụkụ site na ibu: akụkụ 20 ruo 35 nke silicon dioxide, na akụkụ 8 ruo 20 nke aluminum oxide., akụkụ 4 ruo 10 nke titanium oxide, akụkụ 4 ruo 10 nke zirconia, akụkụ 1 ruo 5 nke zinc oxide, akụkụ 1 ruo 5 nke magnesium oxide, akụkụ 0.8 ruo 5 nke silicon carbide, akụkụ 0.02 ruo 0.5 nke yttrium oxide, na akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke akụkụ chromium oxide., akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke kaolin, akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke ihe ndị dị ụkọ n'ụwa, akụkụ 0.8-5 nke carbon black, nha ihe nke ihe ọ bụla bụ 1-5 μm; ebe ihe ndị dị n'ụwa a na-adịghị ahụkebe gụnyere akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke lanthanum carbonate, akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke cerium carbonate, akụkụ 1.5 nke praseodymium carbonate, akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke praseodymium carbonate, akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke neodymium carbonate na akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke promethium nitrate; ihe na-akpụ ihe nkiri ahụ bụ potassium sodium carbonate; a na-agwakọta potassium sodium carbonate na otu ibu nke potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate. Oke ngwakọta ibu nke ihe na-emeju ihe na ihe na-akpụ ihe nkiri bụ 2.5:7.5, 3.8:6.2 ma ọ bụ 4.8:5.2. Ọzọkwa, a na-akọwa ụdị usoro nkwadebe nke agba endothermic na-azọpụta ike na nke gụnyere usoro ndị a:
Nzọụkwụ nke mbụ, nkwadebe nke ihe na-emeju ihe, buru ụzọ tụọ akụkụ 20-35 nke silica, akụkụ 8-20 nke alumina, akụkụ 4-10 nke titanium oxide, akụkụ 4-10 nke zirconia, na akụkụ 1-5 nke zinc oxide site na ibu., akụkụ 1 ruo 5 nke magnesium oxide, akụkụ 0.8 ruo 5 nke silicon carbide, akụkụ 0.02 ruo 0.5 nke yttrium oxide, akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke chromium trioxide, akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke kaolin, akụkụ 0.01 ruo 1.5 nke ihe ndị dị ụkọ n'ụwa, na akụkụ 0.8 ruo 5 nke carbon black, wee gwakọta ya n'otu n'otu na igwekota iji nweta ihe na-emeju ihe; ebe, ihe dị n'ụwa a na-adịghị ahụkebe gụnyere akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke lanthanum carbonate, akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke cerium carbonate, akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke praseodymium carbonate, akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke neodymium carbonate na akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke promethium nitrate;
Nzọụkwụ nke abụọ, nkwadebe nke ihe na-akpụ ihe nkiri ahụ, ihe na-akpụ ihe nkiri ahụ bụ sodium potassium carbonate; buru ụzọ tụọ potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate n'otu n'otu site na ibu, wee gwakọta ha nke ọma iji nweta ihe na-akpụ ihe nkiri ahụ; sodium potassium carbonate bụ Otu ibu nke potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate na-agwakọta;
Nzọụkwụ nke atọ, oke ngwakọta nke ihe na-ejupụta ihe na ihe nkiri site na ibu bụ 2.5: 7.5, 3.8: 6.2 ma ọ bụ 4.8: 5.2, a na-agwakọta ngwakọta ahụ n'otu aka ahụ ma gbasaa ya iji nweta ngwakọta;
Na nzọụkwụ nke anọ, a na-agweri ngwakọta ahụ ruo awa 6-8, wee nweta ngwaahịa emechara site na ịgafe na ihuenyo, ihe mkpuchi nke ihuenyo ahụ dịkwa 1-5 μm.
3. Nkwadebe nke ultrafine cerium oxide: Site na iji hydrated cerium carbonate dị ka ihe mbụ, e ji ultrafine cerium oxide nke nwere nha etiti nke na-erughị 3 μm kwadebe ya site na igwe egwe bọọlụ kpọmkwem na calcination. Ngwaahịa ndị e nwetara niile nwere nhazi cubic fluorite. Ka okpomọkụ calcination na-abawanye, nha nke ngwaahịa ndị ahụ na-ebelata, nkesa nha nke ihe ndị ahụ na-ebelata ma kristal na-abawanye. Agbanyeghị, ikike ịchacha nke iko atọ dị iche iche gosipụtara uru kachasị n'etiti 900℃ na 1000℃. Ya mere, a kwenyere na ọnụego mwepụ nke ihe ndị dị n'elu iko n'oge usoro ịchacha na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na nha nke ihe ndị ahụ, kristal na ọrụ elu nke ntụ ntụ ịchacha.