Caijing New Media 2025-06-11 17:41:00
Jami'ai daga China da Amurka sun sanar da "yarjejeniyar tsari" don rage takun sakar cinikayya bayan an shafe kwanaki biyu ana tattaunawa a Landan. Hoto daga Jin Yan.
A cewar China News Network, a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni, Li Chenggang, Wakilin Tattaunawar Ciniki na Ƙasashen Duniya kuma Mataimakin Ministan Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci ta China ya ce a taron farko na tsarin shawarwari kan tattalin arziki da ciniki tsakanin China da Amurka, ɓangarorin biyu sun sami sadarwa ta ƙwararru, mai ma'ana, mai zurfi da gaskiya. A ƙa'ida, ɓangarorin biyu sun cimma wani tsari na aiwatar da yarjejeniyar da shugabannin ƙasashen biyu suka cimma a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni da kuma yarjejeniyar da aka cimma a tattaunawar Geneva. Ci gaban da aka samu a tattaunawar London zai taimaka wajen ƙara inganta aminci tsakanin China da Amurka, da kuma ƙara haɓaka ci gaban tattalin arziki da cinikayya tsakanin China da Amurka mai dorewa, da kuma ƙara samar da kuzari mai kyau ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya.
Bayan kwanaki biyu na tattaunawa a Landan, jami'an China da Amurka sun ce sun cimma "yarjejeniyar" don rage tashe-tashen hankulan tattalin arziki, tare da tsawaita yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta kasuwanci da manyan kasashe biyu na duniya suka cimma a watan da ya gabata. Yanzu ana sa ran manyan jami'an tattalin arziki na China da Amurka za su gabatar da sabon tsarin ga shugabannin kasashen biyu, Shugaban China Xi Jinping da Shugaban Amurka Trump, don amincewa da shi na karshe.
A ƙarshen kasuwar hannayen jari ta Amurka a ranar Talata, 10 ga Yuni, Eastern Time, Sakataren Kasuwanci na Amurka Lutnick ya ambaci tattaunawar China da Amurka a cikin jawabinsa, wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin abu mai kyau ga tattaunawar cikin sauƙi. Kasuwar hannayen jari ta Amurka ta tashi a martanin da ta bayar, kuma jimillar ribar da aka samu daga shahararrun hannun jarin China ta faɗaɗa. Tattaunawar cinikayya tsakanin China da Amurka ta jawo hankalin masu zuba jari na duniya. Manyan ma'aunin hannayen jari guda biyu na Amurka, S&P 500 da Nasdaq, sun hanzarta hauhawar farashinsu kuma duka sun kai sabbin matsayi a ciniki na ƙarshe. S&P ya tashi sama da 0.6%, kuma Nasdaq ya tashi sama da 0.7%. Ribar Dow Jones Industrial Average ta faɗaɗa zuwa sama da maki 110, yana kusanto da babban ciniki na yau da kullun a tsakiyar rana.
Rahotannin kafofin watsa labarai sun ce a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni, wakilan China da Amurka suka fara tattaunawar cinikayya a London, Ingila, a Lancaster House kusa da Fadar Buckingham. An gudanar da tattaunawar a Landan ne bisa roƙon gwamnatin Trump na ƙarfafa alkawuran da suka dace a lokacin tattaunawar cinikayya ta Geneva a watan da ya gabata.
Sakataren Baitulmali Jeff Bessant ne ya jagoranci tawagar Amurka, kuma ya hada da Sakataren Kasuwanci Lutnick da Wakilin Kasuwanci Greer. Wakilin Ofishin Siyasa kuma Mataimakin Firayim Minista He Lifeng ne ya jagoranci tawagar China, kuma ya hada da Ministan Kasuwanci Wang Wentao da Mataimakin Minista Li Chenggang.
Amurka da China sun sassauta rikicin ciniki kuma sun cimma yarjejeniya ta farko kan yadda za a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar da bangarorin biyu suka cimma a Geneva, a cewar masu tattaunawa daga bangarorin biyu. Duk da cewa ba a fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da yarjejeniyar nan take ba, masu tattaunawar Amurka sun ce suna "tsammanin" cewa za a warware matsalolin da suka shafi jigilar ma'adanai da maganadisu na ƙasa masu wuya ta hanyar aiwatar da tsarin. Wakilin Kasuwanci na Amurka Jamison Greer ya ce tattaunawar ta kuma mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da bin yarjejeniyar da aka cimma a Geneva a ranar.ƙasa mai wuyaFitar da ma'adinai da harajin da ake biya. Ya ce bangarorin biyu za su ci gaba da yin mu'amala akai-akai da kuma aiki don warware bambance-bambancen tattalin arziki.
Babban mai siyan ƙasa bakwai masu ƙarancin amfani shine masana'antar kera motoci. Hoto daga Jin Yan.
Wata kotun daukaka kara ta tarayya a Amurka a ranar Talata ta ba da umarnin cewa harajin cinikayya na Trump zai iya ci gaba da aiki na ɗan lokaci, wanda hakan ya ba Trump damar ci gaba da aiki da ɗaya daga cikin manufofin tattalin arzikinsa na musamman. Kotun Daukaka Kara ta Amurka ta Hukumar Zaɓen Tarayya ta bayar da umarnin tsawaita izinin harajin Trump na ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan da Fadar White House ta ƙalubalanci hukuncin kotun cinikayya ta tarayya da ya hana sanya harajin.
Kotun ta gano cewa damuwar da jami'an Amurka suka nuna game da tattaunawar cinikayya da ake ci gaba da yi ta fi ƙarfin barazanar tattalin arziki daga harajin Trump, wanda ƙananan 'yan kasuwa suka tayar da suka ƙalubalanci harajin shugaban ƙasa. Duk da haka, kotun tana sake duba hukuncin kotun kasuwanci wanda ya gano cewa Trump ya wuce ikonsa ta hanyar barazanar sanya haraji mai yawa na "Ranar 'Yanci" akan yawancin manyan abokan hulɗar cinikayya na Amurka. Hukuncin ya fi mayar da hankali kan harajin "Ranar 'Yanci" na Trump da sauran harajin da shugaban ya sanya ta amfani da ikon gaggawa. Ba shi da wani tasiri ga harajin Trump kan shigo da ƙarfe da aluminum.
Kotun cinikayya ta tarayya ta dakatar da harajin Trump na ɗan lokaci a ƙarshen watan Mayu, kodayake nan take Fadar White House ta ɗaukaka ƙara kan wannan hukunci. Hukuncin kotun cinikayya ya dogara ne akan ƙarar da wasu ƙananan 'yan kasuwa suka shigar wadda ta yi jayayya cewa Trump ba shi da isassun dalilai na ayyana dokar ta-ɓaci ta tattalin arziki kuma harajinsa zai kawo cikas ga ayyukansu.
A taron farko tsakanin China da Amurka da aka gudanar a Switzerland a ranakun 10-11 ga Mayu, bangarorin biyu sun amince da rage harajin da aka sanya wa junansu sosai, rage harajin da ake biya na wucin gadi cikin kwanaki 90 don samun lokaci don magance matsalolin ciniki, sannan a lokaci guda a soke takunkumin cinikayya na "ba tare da haraji ba" kamar sarrafa fitar da kaya. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da bangarorin biyu suka yi ganawa ta fuska da fuska tun bayan da wakilan China da Amurka suka hadu a Geneva a watan da ya gabata, da nufin sake gina kwarin gwiwar bangarorin biyu wajen cika alkawuran da aka cimma a Geneva. Abin da aka mayar da hankali a kai a tattaunawar tsakanin bangarorin biyu shi ne yadda za a sassauta takunkumin da China ta sanya wa kan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje da kuma ikon Amurka kan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa China. Saboda haka, rawar da Sakataren Kasuwanci na Amurka Lutnick, wanda bai halarci taron karshe a Geneva ba, ya jawo hankali sosai.
A cikin wannan zagayen shawarwari, Amurka na tunanin ɗage wasu jerin takunkumi na baya-bayan nan kan software na ƙirar guntu, sassan injin jet, ethane, da kayan nukiliya. Yawancin waɗannan matakan an gabatar da su ne a cikin 'yan makonnin da suka gabata lokacin da tashin hankalin China da Amurka ya sake ƙaruwa, bisa ga sharadin cewa China za ta sassauta takunkumin da aka sanya wa fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ƙasashen waje.
Amurka ta tsaurara takunkumi kan fitar da kayayyaki da fasahohin Amurka zuwa China, ciki har da manhajojin da ake amfani da su wajen kera na'urorin semiconductor, iskar gas kamar ethane da butane, da kuma sassan nukiliya da na jiragen sama. Jami'an Amurka sun kuma ba da shawarar hana daliban kasar Sin karatu a Amurka. A martanin da suka mayar, China ta rage fitar da ma'adanai bakwai na duniya masu sauki kamar dysprosium da terbium da ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin maganadisu masu inganci, da kuma na'urorin maganadisu masu alaka da su. Da aka tambaye shi game da ranar farko ta tattaunawa a ranar 9 ga wata, Trump ya shaida wa manema labarai cewa: "Muna jin dadin zaman lafiya da kasar Sin, amma kasar Sin ba abokiyar hamayya ba ce mai saukin mu'amala da ita."