He karaihe pango te boron carbide me te kanapa whakarewa, e mōhiotia ana ko te taimana pango, nō ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa kore-waro. I tēnei wā, e mōhio ana te katoa ki te rauemi o te boron carbide, tera pea nā te whakamahinga o te pukupuku ātete-matā, nā te mea he iti rawa te kiato i roto i ngā rauemi uku, he painga o te modulus elastic teitei me te pakeke teitei, ā, ka taea te whakamahi pai i te micro-brocture hei mimiti i ngā pere. Ko te pānga o te pūngao, me te pupuri i te kawenga kia iti rawa. Engari i roto i te meka, he maha atu ngā āhuatanga ahurei o te boron carbide, ka taea ai e ia te whai wāhi nui ki ngā mea whakakoi, ngā rauemi ātete-waikura, te ahumahi karihi, te rererangi me ētahi atu mara.
Ngā Āhuatanga opūhā boron
Mō ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, ko te pakeketanga o te boron carbide he taimana me te nitride boron cubic anake, ā, ka taea tonu te pupuri i te kaha teitei i ngā pāmahana teitei, ka taea te whakamahi hei rauemi ātete-mahanatanga teitei pai; he iti rawa te kiato o te boron carbide (ko te kiato ariā he 2.52 g/cm3 anake), he mama ake i ngā rauemi uku noa, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te mara rererangi; he kaha te kaha mimiti neutron o te boron carbide, he pai te pumau wera, ā, he 2450 °C te ira rewa, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te umanga karihi. Ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha mimiti neutron o te neutron mā te tāpiri i ngā huānga B; he āhuatanga photoelectric motuhake hoki ngā rauemi boron carbide me te āhua me te hanganga motuhake; hei tāpiri, he teitei te ira rewa o te boron carbide, he teitei te modulus elastic, he iti te tauwehenga whānui me te pai. Ko ēnei painga ka waiho hei rauemi tono pea i roto i ngā mara maha pēnei i te whakarewa, te umanga matū, te mīhini, te rererangi me te umanga hōia. Hei tauira, ko ngā wāhanga ātete-waikura me te ātete-kakahu, te hanga pukupuku ārai-matā, ngā tokotoko whakahaere tauhohenga me ngā huānga thermoelectric, me ētahi atu.
Mō ngā āhuatanga matū, kāore te boron carbide e tauhohe ki ngā waikawa, ki ngā kawakore me te nuinga o ngā matū kore-waro i te pāmahana rūma, ā, he uaua ki te tauhohe ki te hāora me ngā hau halogen i te pāmahana rūma, ā, he pumau ōna āhuatanga matū. Hei tāpiri, ka whakahohehia te paura boron carbide e te halogen hei kaihoko boriding maitai, ā, ka uru te boron ki te mata o te maitai hei hanga i te kiriata rino boride, ā, ka whakarei ake i te kaha me te ātete kakahu o te rauemi, ā, he tino pai ōna āhuatanga matū.
E mōhio ana tātou katoa ko te āhua o te rauemi te mea e whakatau ana i te whakamahinga, nō reira, i roto i ēhea tono ka tino pai te mahi a te paura boron carbide?Ko ngā kaihangarau o te pokapū R&D oHangarau UrbanMines.Nā Co., Ltd. i whakarāpopoto te whakarāpopototanga e whai ake nei.
Te tono opūhā boron
1. Ka whakamahia te boron carbide hei whakakanapa whakakoi
Ko te whakamahinga o te boron carbide hei mea whakakoi te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana mō te huri me te whakakanapa i te hapaira. I roto i ngā rauemi tino mārō, he pai ake te pakeke o te boron carbide i te konumohe waikura me te silicon carbide, tuarua ki te taimana me te cubic boron nitride. Ko te hapaira te rauemi papa tino pai mō ngā diode marama-whakaputa GaN/Al2O3 semiconductor (LED), ngā ara iahiko whakauru nui SOI me SOS, me ngā kiriata nanostructure superconducting. He tino teitei te maeneene o te mata, me tino maeneene. Kāore he tohu kino. Nā te kaha teitei me te pakeke teitei o te karaihe hapaira (Mohs hardness 9), kua nui ngā uauatanga ki ngā umanga tukatuka.
Mai i te tirohanga o ngā rauemi me te huri, ko ngā rauemi pai rawa atu mō te tukatuka me te huri i ngā tioata hapaira ko te taimana hangai, te boron carbide, te silicon carbide, me te silicon dioxide. He tino teitei te pakeke o te taimana hangai (pakeke Mohs 10) i te hurihanga i te wafer hapaira, ka rakuraku i te mata, ka pā ki te whakawhiti mārama o te wafer, ā, he nui te utu; i muri i te tapahi i te silicon carbide, he teitei te taratara RA, ā, he iti te papatahi; Heoi, kāore i te rawaka te pakeke o te silica (pakeke Mohs 7), ā, he iti te kaha huri, he roa te wā me te mahi nui i roto i te tukanga huri. Nō reira, kua noho te boron carbide abrasive (pakeke Mohs 9.3) hei rauemi tino pai mō te tukatuka me te huri i ngā tioata hapaira, ā, he tino pai te mahi i roto i te huri taha-rua o ngā wafer hapaira me te angiangi me te oro o ngā wafer epitaxial LED e hangai ana ki te hapaira.
He mea tika kia whakahuatia, ina neke atu i te 600°C te pāmahana o te boron carbide, ka waikura te mata hei kiriata B2O3, ka whakangawari i te mata ki tētahi taumata, nō reira, kāore e pai mō te huri maroke i te pāmahana tino teitei i roto i ngā mahi whakakoi, engari he pai anake mō te whakakanapa i te huri wai. Heoi, mā tēnei āhuatanga ka ārai i te waikura anō o te B4C, ā, he painga motuhake tōna i roto i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi ātete-wera.
2. Te tono i roto i ngā rauemi ātete-wera
He āhuatanga ātete-waikura me te ātete pāmahana teitei te boron carbide. E whakamahia whānuitia ana hei rauemi ātete āhua matatau, āhua kore rānei, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā momo mara o te whakarewa, pērā i ngā oumu rino me ngā taonga oumu.
I te mea e hiahiatia ana te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te umanga rino me te maitai, me te whakarewa o te maitai waro-iti me te maitai waro-iti rawa, kua nui haere te aro o ngā ahumahi o te whare me te whenua ki te rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā pereki waro-konupora waro-iti (te nuinga o te wā he iti iho i te 8% te ihirangi waro) me te mahi tino pai. I tēnei wā, ko te mahi o ngā pereki waro-konupora waro-iti ka whakapai ake mā te whakapai ake i te hanganga waro piri, te arotau i te hanganga matrix o ngā pereki waro-konupora, me te tāpiri i ngā antioxidants tino whai hua. I roto i ēnei, ka whakamahia te waro kua whakakāwhatatia i hangaia mai i te boron carbide kounga ahumahi me te waro pango kua whakakāwhatatia. Kua tutuki ngā hua pai i te paura whakakotahi pango, e whakamahia ana hei pūtake waro me te antioxidant mō ngā pereki waro-konupora waro-iti.
I te mea ka ngawari te boron carbide ki tētahi taumata i te pāmahana teitei, ka taea te tāpiri ki te mata o ētahi atu matūriki rauemi. Ahakoa kua whakakīkītia te hua, ka taea e te kiriata waikura B2O3 i runga i te mata te hanga i tētahi tiaki me te mahi ārai-waikura. I taua wā anō, nā te mea kua tohatohahia ngā tioata poutū i hangaia e te tauhohenga ki roto i te matrix me ngā āputa o te rauemi ātete, ka whakaitihia te porosity, ka whakapai ake i te kaha o te pāmahana waenga, ā, ka whānui te rōrahi o ngā tioata i hangaia, ka taea te whakaora i te whakahekenga rōrahi me te whakaiti i ngā kapiti.
3. Ngā rauemi ātete-matā i whakamahia hei whakapakari i te parepare ā-motu
Nā tōna pakeketanga nui, tōna kaha nui, tōna iti o te taumaha motuhake, me tōna ātete porotiti teitei, he tino ōrite te boron carbide ki te ia o ngā rauemi ātete matā māmā. Koinei te rauemi ātete matā pai rawa atu mō te tiaki i ngā waka rererangi, ngā waka, ngā pukupuku, me ngā tinana tangata; i tēnei wā,ētahi whenuakua whakaarohia he rangahau mō ngā pukupuku ārai-pōro boron carbide utu iti, e whai ana kia whakatairangahia te whakamahinga nui o ngā pukupuku ārai-pōro boron carbide i roto i te umanga ārai.
4. Te whakamahinga i roto i te umanga karihi
He nui te wāhanga whakawhiti mimiti i te niutron o te boron carbide, ā, he whānui te whānuitanga o te kaha niutron, ā, e mōhiotia ana i te ao whānui ko ia te kai mimiti niutron pai rawa atu mō te umanga karihi. I roto i ēnei, ko te wāhanga wera o te isotope boron-10 he teitei ki te 347×10-24 cm2, tuarua ki ētahi huānga iti pēnei i te gadolinium, te samarium, me te cadmium, ā, he kai mimiti niutron wera whai hua. Hei tāpiri, he nui ngā rauemi o te boron carbide, he ātete ki te waikura, he pai te pumau o te wera, kāore e whakaputa i ngā isotope irahiko, ā, he iti te kaha hihi tuarua, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga o te boron carbide hei rauemi whakahaere me ngā rauemi tiaki i roto i ngā tauhohenga karihi.
Hei tauira, i roto i te umanga karihi, ka whakamahia e te tauhohenga hau-whakamatao-teitei te pūnaha kati pōro mimiti boron hei pūnaha kati tuarua. Mēnā ka pā mai he aituā, ina kore te pūnaha kati tuatahi, ka whakamahia e te pūnaha kati tuarua he maha o ngā pire boron carbide ka taka noa ki roto i te awaawa o te paparanga whakaata o te matua tauhohenga, me ētahi atu, hei kati i te tauhohenga me te whakatutuki i te kati makariri, ko te pōro mimiti he pōro karāpeti kei roto te boron carbide. Ko te mahi matua o te matua boron carbide i roto i te tauhohenga hau-whakamatao-teitei ko te whakahaere i te mana me te haumaru o te tauhohenga. Ka whakakiia te pereki waro ki te rauemi mimiti neutron boron carbide, ka taea te whakaiti i te hihi neutron o te oko pēhanga tauhohenga.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā rauemi borida mō ngā tauhohenga karihi ko ēnei rauemi matua: boron carbide (ngā tokotoko whakahaere, ngā tokotoko tiaki), waikawa boric (te kaiwhakaōrite, te whakamatao), boron maitai (ngā tokotoko whakahaere me ngā rauemi rokiroki mō te wahie karihi me te para karihi), boron Europium (te rauemi paitini matua ka taea te tahu), me ētahi atu.