1. He aha ka silika metala?
ʻO ka silicon metala, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he silicon ʻoihana, ʻo ia ka huahana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka silicon dioxide a me ka mea hoʻemi kalapona i loko o ka umu arc i lalo. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ka silicon maʻamau ma luna o 98.5% a ma lalo o 99.99%, a ʻo nā mea haumia i koe he hao, alumini, calcium, a pēlā aku.
Ma Kina, ua māhele ʻia ka silicon metala i nā papa like ʻole e like me 553, 441, 421, 3303, 2202, 1101, a pēlā aku, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me ka nui o ka hao, ka alumini a me ka calcium.
2. Kahua noi o ka silicon metala
ʻO nā noi ma hope o ka silicon metala he silicon, polysilicon a me nā mea hoʻohui alumini. I ka makahiki 2020, ʻo ka huina o ka hoʻohana ʻana o Kina ma kahi o 1.6 miliona tons, a penei ka lakio hoʻohana:
He kiʻekiʻe nā koi o ka silica gel ma ka silicon metala a koi i ka papa kemika, e like me ke kumu hoʻohālike 421#, ukali ʻia e ka polysilicon, nā kumu hoʻohālike i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia 553# a me 441#, a he haʻahaʻa loa nā koi o ka alumini alloy.
Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua piʻi aʻe ke koi no ka polysilicon i loko o ka silicon organik, a ua nui aʻe kona ʻāpana. ʻAʻole i piʻi wale ke koi no nā mea hoʻohui alumini, akā ua emi iho. He kumu nui nō hoʻi kēia e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke hana i ka metala silicon, akā ua haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka hana, a he hemahema nui o ka silicon metala kiʻekiʻe ma ka mākeke.
3. Kūlana hana i ka makahiki 2021
Wahi a nā helu helu, mai Ianuali a Iulai 2021, ua hōʻea ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku o Kina i ka metala silicon i 466,000 tons, he piʻi makahiki-ma-makahiki o 41%. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa o ka silicon metala ma Kina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, he nui nā ʻoihana kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe he haʻahaʻa nā uku hana a i ʻole ua pani pololei ʻia.
I ka makahiki 2021, ma muli o ka lawa ʻana o ka lako, e ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana o ka silicon metala. ʻAʻole lawa ka lako mana, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana o ka silicon metala ma mua o nā makahiki i hala. Ua nele ka silicon a me ka polysilicon ma ka ʻaoʻao koi i kēia makahiki, me nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, nā hana kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke koi no ka silicon metala. Ua alakaʻi nā kumu ākea i kahi hemahema nui o ka silicon metala.
ʻO ka hā, ke ʻano o ka metala silicon i ka wā e hiki mai ana
Wahi a ke kūlana lako a me ke koi i kālailai ʻia ma luna, ʻo ke ʻano o ka metala silicon e hiki mai ana e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hopena o nā mea i hala.
ʻO ka mea mua, no ka hana ʻana o ka zombie, e mau ana ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai, a e hoʻomaka hou kekahi hana zombie i ka hana ʻana, akā e lōʻihi ana kekahi manawa.
ʻO ka lua, ke hoʻomau nei nā kāohi mana o kēia manawa ma kekahi mau wahi. Ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka lako mana, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia kekahi mau hale hana silicon no ka ʻoki ʻana o ka mana. I kēia manawa, aia nō nā umu silicon ʻoihana i pani ʻia, a he paʻakikī ke hoʻihoʻi iā lākou i ka wā pōkole.
ʻO ke kolu, inā e mau ana ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai kūloko, e manaʻo ʻia e emi iho nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku. Hoʻokuʻu nui ʻia aku ka metala silicon o Kina i nā ʻāina ʻĀsia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia aku i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika. Eia nō naʻe, ua piʻi aʻe ka hana ʻana o ka silicon ʻoihana ʻEulopa ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai honua i hala koke nei. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ma muli o ka pono o ke kumukūʻai kūloko o Kina, ua loaʻa i ka hana ʻana o Kina i ka metala silicon kahi pono piha, a ua nui ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu aku. Akā i ka wā e kiʻekiʻe ai nā kumukūʻai, e hoʻonui pū nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ka hiki ke hana, a e emi iho nā mea i hoʻokuʻu aku.
Eia kekahi, ma ke ʻano o ke koi ma lalo, e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana silicon a me polysilicon i ka hapa lua o ka makahiki. Ma ke ʻano o ka polysilicon, ʻo ka mana hana i hoʻolālā ʻia i ka hapaha ʻehā o kēia makahiki ma kahi o 230,000 tons, a ʻo ka nui o ke koi no ka silicon metala e manaʻo ʻia ma kahi o 500,000 tons. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻopau ka mākeke mea kūʻai huahana hope loa i ka mana hou, no laila e emi ana ka nui o ka hana o ka mana hou. Ma ke ʻano laulā, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomau ka nele o ka metala silicon i ka makahiki, akā ʻaʻole nui loa ka hakahaka. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hapa lua o ka makahiki, e kū nā ʻoihana silicon a me polysilicon i hoʻopili ʻole i ka silicon metala.