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ʻO ka Hafnium Tetrachloride
ʻO ka Hafnium Tetrachloride (HfCl₄)He hui inorganic waiwai nui ia i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea mua i ka synthesis o nā keramika wela kiʻekiʻe, nā mea phosphor no nā diode hoʻomālamalama kiʻekiʻe (LED), a me nā mea hoʻouluulu heterogeneous. ʻO ka mea nui, hōʻike ia i ka acidity Lewis koʻikoʻi, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i ka maikaʻi loa i ka polymerization olefin a me nā hoʻololi organik like ʻole. Hoʻokele ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā noi i ka hana semiconductor, ka ʻenekinia aerospace, a me nā mea uila hanauna hou, ua hōʻike ka noi honua no HfCl₄ i ka ulu mau. Eia nō naʻe, ke koi mau nei kāna hana ʻoihana-ʻoihana - e koi ana i ka kaohi kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi, nā mea hānai ultra-kiʻekiʻe-purity, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā lula kaiapuni, olakino, a me ka palekana (EHS) koʻikoʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia i kāna kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hiki ʻana i nā mea hana hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻouluulu kūikawā, ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo HfCl₄ he mea maka koʻikoʻi no ka ʻepekema mea holomua a me ka synthesis kemika maikaʻi.
Hafnium, 72Hf helehelena Hina kila Helu ʻātoma (Z) 72 Pae ma STP Paʻa Kiko heheʻe 2506 K (2233℃, 4051 ℉) Kikowaena paila 4876 K (4603 ℃, 8317 ℃) Ka nui (ma 20 ℃) 13.281 g/cm3 Ke wai (ma mp) 12 g/cm3 Ka wela o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana 27.2 kJ/mol Ka wela o ka mahu 648 kJ/mol Ka mana wela molar 25.73 J/(mol·K) Ka mana wela kikoʻī 144.154 J/(kg·K) Kūlana ʻoihana o 5N Purity Grade Hafnium Tetrachloride
Hōʻailona Li 7 (ppb) E lilo i 9 (ppb) Na 23 (ppb) Mg 24 (ppb) Al 27 (ppb) K 39 (ppb) Ca40 (ppb) V 51 (ppb) Cr 52 (ppb) Mn 55 (ppb) Fe 56 (ppb) Co 59 (ppb) Ni 60 (ppb) Cu 63 (ppb) Zn 66 (ppb) Ga 69 (ppb) Ge 74 (ppb) Sr 87 (ppb) UMHT5N 0.371 2.056 17.575 6.786 87.888 31.963 66.976 0.000 74.184 34.945 1413.776 21.639 216.953 2.194 20.241 12.567 8.769 3846.227 Zr 90 (ppb) Nb 93 (ppb) Mo98 (ppb) Pd106 (ppb) ʻAg 107 (ppb) E like me 108 (ppb) Cd 111 (ppb) I loko o 115 (ppb) Sn 118 (ppb) Sb 121 (ppb) Ti131 (ppb) Ba 138 (ppb) W 184 (ppb) Au -2197 (ppb) Hg 202 (ppb) Tl 205 (ppb) Pb 208 (ppb) Bi 209 (ppb) 41997.655 8.489 181.362 270.662 40.536 49.165 5.442 0.127 26.237 1.959 72.198 0.776 121.391 1707.062 68.734 0.926 14.582 36.176 Manaʻo: Ua ʻike ʻia nā palena i luna e ICP-MS.
ʻO Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄) he mea paʻa crystalline ʻole kala me ke kaumaha molekala o 320.30 g/mol a me ka CAS Registry Number 13499-05-3. Hoʻoheheʻe ia ma 320 °C a ke komo nei i ka sublimation ma kahi o 317 °C ma lalo o ke kaomi ambient. He hygroscopic loa ka hui a pane exothermically a ikaika me ka makū, e pono ai ka mālama ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana lewa anhydrous, inert (e laʻa, argon a nitrogen paha) i loko o nā pahu i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia. Ma muli o kona corrosivity ikaika, hiki i ka pili pololei ʻana me ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka ke hopena i nā kuni kemika nui. Ma ke ʻano he mea weliweli corrosive Class 8 (UN2509), pono ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lako pale pilikino kūpono (PPE), me nā mīkina lima pale kemika, nā goggles, a me ka pale hanu kahi e hiki ai ka hana lepo.
He aha ka mea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Hafnium Tetrachloride?
ʻO ka Hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl₄)he hui inorganic versatile ia, ma muli o kona mau waiwai kemika kūikawā, loaʻa nā noi nui ma nā kahua ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe he nui:
- Nā Semiconductors a me nā Mea Uila: Hana ia ma ke ʻano he mea nui no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea kiʻekiʻe-dielectric-constant (e like me ka hafnium dioxide), i hoʻohana ʻia i nā papa insulating gate transistor e hoʻonui nui i ka hana chip. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā kaʻina hana hoʻokaʻawale vapor chemical (CVD) e waiho i nā ʻili lahilahi hafnium metallic a i ʻole hafnium compound, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā transistors hana kiʻekiʻe, nā mea hoʻomanaʻo, a pēlā aku.
- Nā Keramika Mahana Kiʻekiʻe Loa a me ka Aerospace: Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea keramika mahana kiʻekiʻe loa, e hōʻike ana i ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala. He kūpono kēia mau keramika no nā wahi koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻāpana wela o ka mīkini mokulele a me nā nozzles rocket. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hoʻopili LED mana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopuehu wela o ka hāmeʻa a me ke ola.
- Catalysis a me Organic Synthesis: Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻouluulu waikawa Lewis kūpono, hoʻolaha ia i nā hopena e like me ka polymerization olefin (e laʻa, ma ke ʻano he precursor no nā mea hoʻouluulu Ziegler-Natta), esterification o nā alcohols a me nā waikawa, acylation, a me 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, e hoʻonui ana i nā helu hopena a me ke koho ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia i ka synthesis kemika maikaʻi o nā mea ʻala a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻOihana Nukelea: Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kona kūpaʻa wela a me ke kemika maikaʻi, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoluʻu reactor nukelea a ma ke ʻano he mau mea uhi no nā wahie nukelea, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion a me ke kūpaʻa wela.
- ʻĀpana Ikehu: Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā mea electrolyte paʻa e like me ka lithium hafnium phosphate no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pila lithium conductivity ionic kiʻekiʻe. Hana pū ia ma ke ʻano he mea mua no nā mea cathode kiʻekiʻe-mana i loko o nā pila lithium a me sodium-ion.
- Ka Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o Zirconium-Hafnium: Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka volatility ma waena o ka zirconium tetrachloride a me ka hafnium tetrachloride, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia lākou ma o ka distillation fractional a i ʻole ke kinoea chromatography. He ʻano hana koʻikoʻi kēia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hafnium maʻemaʻe.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka hafnium tetrachloride i nā semiconductors, nā mea holomua, catalysis, ikehu nukelea, a me nā ʻāpana ikehu hou, e hoʻokumu ana iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he mea nui i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe o kēia wā.
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Pauka Vanadium(V) oxide (Vanadia) (V2O5) maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe Min.98% 99% 99.5%
Vanadium PentoxideʻIke ʻia e like me ka pauka kristal melemele a ʻulaʻula. Hoʻoheheʻe iki ʻia i ka wai a ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma mua o ka wai. Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana ke hoʻonāukiuki nui i ka ʻili, nā maka, a me nā membrane mucous. Hiki ke lilo i mea ʻawahia i ka ʻai ʻana, ka hanu ʻana a me ka omo ʻana o ka ʻili.
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ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka Bismuth(III) nitrate BI(NO3)3·5H20 papa AR/CP 99%
ʻO Bismuth(III) Nitratehe paʻakai i haku ʻia me ka bismuth ma kona kūlana oxidation cationic +3 a me nā anions nitrate, ʻo ke ʻano paʻa maʻamau ka pentahydrate. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka synthesis o nā hui bismuth ʻē aʻe.
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![[Kope] Pauka Bismuth(III) oxide(Bi2O3) 99.999% kumu metala trace](https://cdnus.globalso.com/um-material/bd2b81b5d7757f3b8c4d6052d1ef74a3_small.jpg)
[Kope] Pauka Bismuth(III) oxide(Bi2O3) 99.999% kumu metala trace
ʻO ka Bismuth TrioxideʻO (Bi2O3) ka oxide kalepa maʻamau o ka bismuth. Ma ke ʻano he mea mua i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā hui ʻē aʻe o ka bismuth,bismuth trioxidehe hoʻohana kūikawā i ke aniani optical, ka pepa flame-retardant, a, ke piʻi nei, i nā ʻano glaze kahi e pani ai no nā oxides kēpau.
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Lithium Bromide (LiBr)
Lithium Bromide (LiBr), kahi hui hygroscopic i haku ʻia me ka lithium a me ka bromine, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā noi ʻoihana a me nā kemika ma muli o kona mau waiwai physicochemical kū hoʻokahi. Hoʻohui ʻia ia ma o nā hopena e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka lithium carbonate me ka waikawa hydrobromic a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ka lithium hydroxide me ka bromine, e loaʻa ana nā hydrates crystalline i ʻokoʻa mai nā bromides alkali metal ʻē aʻe.
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ʻO Trimethylaluminum (TMAI)
He mea maka koʻikoʻi ka Trimethylaluminum (TMAI) no ka hana ʻana o nā kumu metala-organic ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā kaʻina hana atomic layer deposition (ALD) a me nā kaʻina hana chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
ʻO Trimethylaluminum kekahi o nā hui organoaluminum maʻalahi loa. ʻOiai ke kuhikuhi nei kona inoa i kahi ʻano monomeric, loaʻa iā ia ke ʻano Al2(CH3)6 (i hoʻopōkole ʻia ʻo Al2Me6 a i ʻole TMAI), e kū nei ma ke ʻano he dimer. He pyrophoric kēia wai kala ʻole a he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka ʻoihana, e pili kokoke ana i ka triethylaluminum.
ʻO UrbanMines kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako nui o Trimethylaluminum (TMAI) ma Kina. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou ʻenehana hana holomua, hāʻawi mākou iā TMAI me nā pae like ʻole o ka maʻemaʻe, i hana kūikawā ʻia no nā noi ma nā ʻoihana semiconductor, cell solar, a me LED.
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ʻO Barium Hydroxide (Barium Dihydroxide) Ba(OH)2∙ 8H2O 99%
ʻO ka barium hydroxide, he hui kemika me ke ʻano kemikaBa(OH)2, he mea paʻa keʻokeʻo, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ua kapa ʻia ka hopena ʻo ka wai barite, alkaline ikaika. He inoa ʻē aʻe ko Barium Hydroxide, ʻo ia hoʻi: caustic barite, barium hydrate. ʻO ka monohydrate (x = 1), i ʻike ʻia ʻo baryta a i ʻole baryta-wai, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hui nui o ka barium. ʻO kēia monohydrate granular keʻokeʻo ke ʻano kālepa maʻamau.ʻO Barium Hydroxide OctahydrateʻO ka Barium crystalline insoluble loa i ka wai, he hui kemika inorganic ia kekahi o nā kemika weliweli loa i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka hale hoʻokolohua.Ba(OH)2.8H2OHe kristal kala ʻole ia i ka mahana o ka lumi. He 2.18g / cm3 kona nui, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka waikawa, ʻawahia, hiki ke hōʻino i ka ʻōnaehana nerve a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe.Ba(OH)2.8H2Ohe ʻino, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā kuni i ka maka a me ka ʻili. Hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōpū ʻai inā moni ʻia. Nā Hana Hoʻohālike: • Ba(OH)2.8H2O + 2NH4SCN = Ba(SCN)2 + 10H2O + 2NH3
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Nikala(II) kalapona(Nikala Kalapona)(Nikala Assay Min.40%) Cas 3333-67-3
Nikala Kāponatehe mea aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā, he kumu Nickel hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia i ka wai hiki ke hoʻololi maʻalahi i nā hui Nickel ʻē aʻe, e like me ka oxide ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana (calcination).
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Tungsten(VI) Oxide Pauda (Tungsten Trioxide & Blue Tungsten Oxide)
ʻO ka Tungsten(VI) Oxide, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo tungsten trioxide a i ʻole tungstic anhydride, he hui kemika ia e loaʻa ana ka oxygen a me ka metala hoʻololi tungsten. He mea hoʻoheheʻe ia i loko o nā hopena alkali wela. ʻAʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me nā waikawa. Hoʻoheheʻe iki ʻia i loko o ka waikawa hydrofluoric.
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Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Antimony Pentoxide colloidal Sb2O5 e like me ka mea hoʻohui lapalapa ahi
ʻO ka Antimony Pentoxide ColloidalHana ʻia ma o kahi ʻano maʻalahi e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana reflux oxidization. Ua noiʻi kikoʻī ʻo UrbanMines e pili ana i nā hopena o nā palena hoʻokolohua ma ke kūpaʻa colloid a me ka hoʻolaha nui o nā huahana hope loa i lawe ʻia. Hana kūikawā mākou i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka colloidal antimony pentoxide ma kahi ākea o nā papa i hoʻomohala ʻia no nā noi kikoʻī. Loaʻa ka nui o ka ʻāpana mai 0.01-0.03nm a hiki i 5nm.
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Pauka Titanium Dioxide (Titania) (TiO2) i ka maʻemaʻe Min.95% 98% 99%
ʻO ka titanium dioxide (TiO2)He mea keʻokeʻo ʻālohilohi ia i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoluʻu ʻōlinolino i loko o nā huahana maʻamau. Mahalo ʻia no kona waihoʻoluʻu keʻokeʻo loa, ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu i ka mālamalama a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka UV, he mea hoʻohui kaulana ʻo TiO2, e ʻike ʻia ana i nā haneli o nā huahana a mākou e ʻike ai a hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā.
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ʻO ka maʻemaʻe o ka Tantalum (V) oxide (Ta2O5 a i ʻole tantalum pentoxide) 99.99% Cas 1314-61-0
ʻO ka Tantalum (V) oxide (Ta2O5 a i ʻole tantalum pentoxide)he hui paʻa keʻokeʻo a paʻa. Hana ʻia ka pauka ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i kahi hopena waikawa tantalum, kānana ʻana i ka precipitate, a me ka calcining ʻana i ka kānana cake. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ia i ka nui o ka ʻāpana i makemake ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi noi like ʻole.