1. Kodi silicon yachitsulo ndi chiyani?
Silikoni yachitsulo, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti silicon ya mafakitale, imapangidwa ndi silicon dioxide yosungunulira ndi carbonaceous reducing agent mu uvuni wonyowa pansi pa nthaka. Gawo lalikulu la silicon nthawi zambiri limakhala pamwamba pa 98.5% ndi pansi pa 99.99%, ndipo zonyansa zotsalazo ndi chitsulo, aluminiyamu, calcium, ndi zina zotero.
Ku China, silicon yachitsulo nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana monga 553, 441, 421, 3303, 2202, 1101, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsulo, aluminiyamu ndi calcium.
2. Munda wogwiritsira ntchito chitsulo cha silikoni
Ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi silicon yachitsulo makamaka ndi silicon, polysilicon ndi aluminiyamu. Mu 2020, kugwiritsidwa ntchito konse kwa China kunali pafupifupi matani 1.6 miliyoni, ndipo chiŵerengero cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi motere:
Geli ya silica imafunika kwambiri pa silicon yachitsulo ndipo imafuna mtundu wa mankhwala, wofanana ndi chitsanzo 421#, kutsatiridwa ndi polysilicon, mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri 553# ndi 441#, ndipo zofunikira za aluminiyamu ndizochepa kwambiri.
Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, kufunika kwa polysilicon mu organic silicon kwawonjezeka, ndipo chiwerengero chake chawonjezeka kwambiri. Kufunika kwa aluminiyamu sikunangowonjezeka, komanso kwachepa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yopanga zitsulo za silicon iwoneke ngati yayikulu, koma kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi kochepa kwambiri, ndipo pali kusowa kwakukulu kwa silicon yachitsulo yapamwamba pamsika.
3. Momwe zinthu zilili mu 2021
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuyambira Januwale mpaka Julayi 2021, kutumiza kunja kwa chitsulo cha silikoni ku China kunafika matani 466,000, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 41%. Chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika wa chitsulo cha silikoni ku China m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, kuphatikiza kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zifukwa zina, mabizinesi ambiri okwera mtengo ali ndi mitengo yotsika yogwirira ntchito kapena atsekedwa mwachindunji.
Mu 2021, chifukwa cha kupezeka kokwanira, kuchuluka kwa silicon yachitsulo kudzakwera. Mphamvu zamagetsi sizokwanira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa silicon yachitsulo ndi kotsika kwambiri kuposa zaka zam'mbuyomu. Silikoni ndi polysilicon zomwe zimafunidwa sizikupezeka chaka chino, ndi mitengo yokwera, kuchuluka kwa ntchito, komanso kufunikira kwa silicon yachitsulo kukukwera. Zinthu zambiri zapangitsa kuti silicon yachitsulo ichepe kwambiri.
Chachinayi, tsogolo la chitsulo cha silicon
Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili pakupereka ndi kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, momwe zinthu zidzakhalire mtsogolo pa silicon yachitsulo zimadalira kwambiri njira yothetsera zinthu zomwe zidachitika kale.
Choyamba, pakupanga ma zombie, mtengo wake umakhalabe wokwera, ndipo kupanga ma zombie ena kudzayambiranso kupanga, koma zimatenga nthawi inayake.
Chachiwiri, njira zochepetsera mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zilipo m'malo ena zikupitirirabe. Chifukwa cha kusakhala ndi magetsi okwanira, mafakitale ena a silicon adziwitsidwa za kutsekedwa kwa magetsi. Pakadali pano, palinso ma silicon furniture a mafakitale omwe atsekedwa, ndipo n'zovuta kuwakonzanso kwakanthawi kochepa.
Chachitatu, ngati mitengo ya m'dziko ikupitirira kukhala yokwera, kutumiza kunja kukuyembekezeka kuchepa. Chitsulo cha silikoni ku China chimatumizidwa makamaka kumayiko aku Asia, ngakhale kuti sichimatumizidwa kawirikawiri kumayiko aku Europe ndi America. Komabe, kupanga silikoni m'mafakitale aku Europe kwawonjezeka chifukwa cha mitengo yapamwamba yapadziko lonse yaposachedwa. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, chifukwa cha phindu la mtengo wa m'dziko la China, kupanga silikoni ku China kunali ndi ubwino waukulu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kunja kunali kwakukulu. Koma mitengo ikakhala yokwera, madera ena adzawonjezeranso mphamvu zopangira, ndipo kutumiza kunja kudzachepa.
Komanso, pankhani ya kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe zili pansi pa nthaka, padzakhala kupanga zinthu zambiri za silicon ndi polysilicon mu theka lachiwiri la chaka. Ponena za polysilicon, mphamvu yopangira yomwe ikukonzekera mu kotala lachinayi la chaka chino ndi pafupifupi matani 230,000, ndipo kufunikira konse kwa silicon yachitsulo kukuyembekezeka kukhala matani pafupifupi 500,000. Komabe, msika wa ogula zinthu zomaliza sungagwiritse ntchito mphamvu yatsopanoyi, kotero kuchuluka konse kwa mphamvu yatsopanoyi kudzachepa. Kawirikawiri, kusowa kwa silicon metal kukuyembekezeka kupitirira chaka chino, koma kusiyana sikudzakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Komabe, mu theka lachiwiri la chaka, makampani a silicon ndi polysilicon omwe sagwiritsa ntchito silicon yachitsulo adzakumana ndi mavuto.