I-Lutetium(III) Oxide
| I-Lutetium OxideIipropati |
| Isithethantonye | I-Lutetium oxide, iLutetium sesquioxide |
| Inombolo yeCAS. | 12032-20-1 |
| Ifomula yekhemikhali | Lu2O3 |
| Ubunzima be-Molar | 397.932g/mol |
| Indawo yokunyibilika | 2,490°C(4,510°F;2,760K) |
| Indawo yokubila | 3,980°C(7,200°F;4,250K) |
| Ukunyibilika kwezinye izinyibilikisi | Ayinyibiliki |
| Isithuba sebhendi | 5.5eV |
Ubunyulu obuphezuluI-Lutetium OxideInkcazo
| Ubungakanani beParticle (D50) | 2.85 μm |
| Ubunyulu (Lu2O3) | ≧99.999% |
| I-TREO (iTotalRareEarthOxides) | 99.55% |
| Ukungcola kwe-RE Okuqulathwe | i-ppm | Ukungcola okungengo-REEs | i-ppm |
| I-La2O3 | <1 | I-Fe2O3 | 1.39 |
| I-CeO2 | <1 | I-SiO2 | 10.75 |
| I-Pr6O11 | <1 | I-CaO | 23.49 |
| Nd2O3 | <1 | I-PbO | Nd |
| I-Sm2O3 | <1 | I-CL¯ | 86.64 |
| I-Eu2O3 | <1 | I-LOI | 0.15% |
| I-Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| I-Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| I-Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| I-Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| I-Er2O3 | <1 | ||
| I-Tm2O3 | <1 | ||
| Yb2O3 | <1 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Ukupakisha】25KG/ingxowa Iimfuneko: ayifumi, ayinathuli, yomile, ingenisa umoya kwaye icocekile.
Yintoni iI-Lutetium Oxideisetyenziselwe ntoni?
Iikristale zelaser kunye nezixhobo ze-core matrix ze-laser ezisemgangathweni oqinileyo:
Izicelo eziphambili: I-Lu₂O₃ sisixhobo esiphambili sokuqala sokwenza iikristale zelaser ezisebenzayo kakhulu ezifana ne-lutetium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet kunye ne-lutetium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride. Ezi kristale zihlala zichazwa njenge-Lu: YAG (Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) okanye i-Lu: YLF (Yttrium Lithium Fluoride).
Indlela yokusebenza: Ii-ion zeLutetium (Lu³⁺) ngokwazo azisetyenziswa njengee-ion ezisebenzayo (iziko zokukhupha i-laser). Sekunjalo, njengenxalenye ye-lattice ye-matrix, zinokubonelela ngendawo ye-lattice ezinzileyo kakhulu neyincinci. Xa zixutywe nezinye ii-ion zomhlaba ezinqabileyo (ezifana ne-Nd³⁺, Yb³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺, Ho³⁺), iikristale ezisekelwe kwiLu₂O₃ zibonisa:
Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu: Isusa ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo, ivumela ukusebenza kwelaser enamandla aphezulu kwaye inciphise iziphumo zeelensi zobushushu.
Uzinzo oluphezulu lweekhemikhali nolwemishini: Qinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kweelaser kwiindawo ezirhabaxa.
Iimpawu zamandla ze-phonon ezibalaseleyo: Ichaphazela ubomi benqanaba lamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum yee-ion ze-laser.
Ukusetyenziswa: Ezi lasers zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwezinto zoshishino (ukusika, ukuwelda, ukumaka), ezonyango (utyando lwamehlo, unyango lolusu), uphando lwesayensi, i-lidar, kunye nophando lwe-inertial confinement fusion.
Iiseramikhi ezikhethekileyo kunye neglasi:
Iglasi ye-optical enee-refractive index/low dispersion: I-Lu₂O₃ isetyenziselwa ukwenza iglasi ekhethekileyo ye-optical (njengeglasi ye-lanthanide optical) ene-refractive index ephezulu kakhulu kunye neempawu ze-dispersion eziphantsi kakhulu. Le glasi ibalulekile ekulungiseni i-chromatic aberration kwiinkqubo ze-optical eziphambili (ezifana ne-microscope objectives, iilensi zekhamera eziphezulu, kunye neenkqubo ze-lithography).
Iiseramikhi ezicacileyo: I-Lu₂O₃ ngokwayo okanye xa idityaniswe nezinye ii-oxides (ezifana ne-Y₂O₃) ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iiseramikhi ze-polycrystalline ezicacileyo. Ezi seramikhi zinobunye bokukhanya kunye nokudluliselwa kokukhanya okufana neekristale ezizimeleyo, kodwa zinkulu ngobukhulu, zinamandla aphezulu oomatshini, kwaye zisenokungabizi kakhulu ukuzilungisa. Usetyenziso luquka i-laser gain media, iifestile ze-infrared, ii-missile fairings, kunye nezibani zokukhanyisa ezinamandla aphezulu.
Izongezo zeseramikhi zolwakhiwo: Inani elincinci leLu₂O₃ lingongezwa njengesixhobo sokuncedisa ukunyibilikisa okanye iarhente yobunjineli bemida yengqolowa ukuphucula iipropati zoomatshini ezishushu kakhulu, ukumelana nokuxinana kwe-oxidation, kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwezinye iiseramikhi eziphambili (ezifana ne-silicon nitride kunye ne-silicon carbide), kwaye isetyenziswa kwiibheringi ezishushu kakhulu, izixhobo zokusika, kunye nezixhobo zenjini ye-turbine.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-Scintillator kunye ne-radiation:
Izinto ezisisiseko: I-Lu₂O₃ sisixhobo esingafunekiyo sokwenziwa kweekristale kunye neeseramikhi ze-scintillator ezisebenza kakuhle ezisekelwe kwi-lutetium. Abona bameli babalulekileyo ngaba:
I-Lutetium silicate: I-Lu₂SiO₅:Ce³⁺ kunye neekristale zayo eziphuma kuyo. Ngobuninzi obuphezulu (~7.4 g/cm³), inani le-athomu elisebenzayo eliphezulu, ixesha lokubola ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu, yeyona nto iphambili kwi-positron emission tomography.
I-Lutetium yttrium aluminate: (Lu, Y) )₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺ iiseramikhi. Ukudibanisa iingenelo zokukhanya okuphezulu, ukubola ngokukhawuleza, isisombululo esihle samandla, kunye neeseramikhi ezinokwenziwa zibe zikhulu kunye neemilo ezintsonkothileyo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimifanekiso yezonyango (PET/CT), kuvavanyo lwefiziksi enamandla aphezulu, kukhuseleko lwasekhaya (ukuskena imithwalo/imithwalo), kunye nokugcinwa kwemithombo yeoyile.
Iingenelo: Inani eliphezulu le-athomu (71) ye-lutetium linika amandla okuvala i-photon enamandla aphezulu (i-X-ray, i-gamma ray), nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokubhaqwa.
Iifosforasi kunye nezinto ezikhanyayo:
Izixhobo zeMatrix: I-Lu₂O₃ ingasetyenziswa njenge-matrix esebenzayo kwizinto ezikhanyayo ezisebenza nge-ion yomhlaba ongaqhelekanga. Xa ifakwe i-ions ze-europium (Eu³⁺), inokukhupha i-fluorescence ebomvu ecocekileyo kakhulu (i-main peak ~611 nm) ene-bandwidth encinci yokukhupha kunye nobumsulwa bombala ophezulu.
Ukusetyenziswa: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bokubonisa obuphezulu (njengezikrini zokuqinisa umfanekiso we-X-ray yezonyango, iintlobo ezithile zemiboniso yokukhupha umoya) kunye nee-fluorescent probes (ii-biomarkers, ii-sensors). Uzinzo lwayo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali kunye nobushushu luqinisekisa ubomi obude be-phosphor.
Isiphumo se-Catalytic:
Icandelo leCatalyst: I-Lu₂O₃ iyasebenza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-catalytic reactions ngenxa ye-Lewis acidity yayo:
Ukucocwa kwepetroliyam: Ingasetyenziswa njengomthwali we-catalyst okanye i-active component (ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kunye nezinye ii-metal oxides) kwiinkqubo ezifana nokuqhekeka (ukubola ioyile enzima ibe zi-fuels ezikhanyayo), i-alkylation (ukuvelisa ii-high-octane gasoline components), kunye ne-hydroprocessing (desulfurization, denitrogenation).
I-polymerization reaction: Kwi-polymerization reaction ye-olefins (efana ne-ethylene kunye ne-propylene), i-Lu₂O₃ okanye izinto eziphuma kuyo zingasetyenziswa njengezinto ezibangela ukuba kubekho ubunzima be-molecular kunye ne-microstructure ye-polymer.
Ukuguqulwa kweMethane: Kubonisa ixabiso lophando kwiimpendulo ezifana nokudibanisa i-methane oxidative okanye ukuguqula ukuvelisa igesi yokwenziwa.
Unyango lokukhupha umoya kwiimoto: Isetyenziswa njengesiqinisi okanye njenge-co-catalyst component kwii-catalyst ezineendlela ezintathu (nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kungaphantsi kune-cerium, zirconium, njl.njl.).
Indlela yokusebenza: Umsebenzi wayo wokutsala umbane uvela kakhulu ekufakweni nasekusebenzeni kwezithuba zeoksijini engaphezulu kunye neendawo ze-ion zeLu³⁺ ezivezwe kwiimolekyuli ze-reactant.
Ezinye izicelo eziphambili:
Ishishini leNyukliya: I-isotope Lu-176 (ubuninzi bendalo obumalunga ne-2.6%) ine-cross section enkulu yokubamba i-neutron eshushu kwaye inokuguqulwa ibe yi-isotope ye-radioactive Lu-177 exabisekileyo ngokwezonyango (ye-radiotherapy ejoliswe kuyo) emva kokukhanyiswa kwe-neutron. I-Lu₂O₃ sisixhobo sokuqala sokucoca i-Lu-176 okanye ukulungiselela ii-radiopharmaceuticals ze-Lu-177. I-Lu₂O₃ ecocekileyo kakhulu ingasetyenziswa kuphando lwezinto ezifunxa i-neutron okanye iintonga zokulawula i-nyukliya.
Izixhobo ze-elektroniki: Njengento yophando lwezixhobo ze-dielectric zesango eliphezulu ze-κ (ezisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo ye-silicon dioxide kwiitships ezisekelwe kwi-silicon), okanye kuphando lwezixhobo ze-ferroelectric kunye ne-multiferroic.
Izixhobo zokugquma: Zisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izinto zokukhusela ezimelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukugqwala, okanye ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo zokukhanya (ezifana neenjini zeenqwelo-moya okanye izinto zesathelayithi zokukhanya).
Ifiziksi yovavanyo: Isetyenziswa njengesixhobo seradiyatha yeCherenkov kuvavanyo lwefiziksi yamasuntswana.
Isishwankathelo:
I-Lutetium oxide (Lu₂O₃) ayisiyonto iqhelekileyo ekrwada. Yinto ebalulekileyo exhasa ubuchwepheshe bale mihla. Ixabiso layo eliphambili likwi:
Njengesixhobo sematrix esikumgangatho ophezulu seekristale zelaser ezisebenzayo kakhulu (ezifana neLu: YAG, Lu: YLF), ivumela iilaser eziqinileyo ezinamandla aphezulu, ezizinzileyo kakhulu.
Njengesiseko sesizukulwana esilandelayo sezixhobo ze-scintillator (LSO, LYSO, LuAG: Ce), iqhuba ubuchule bokufota ngezonyango (PET/CT) kunye netekhnoloji yokufumanisa imitha.
Inika iiglasi ezikhethekileyo ze-optical kunye neeseramikhi ezicacileyo iipropati ezintle ze-optical (i-refraction ephezulu, i-dispersion ephantsi, uluhlu olubanzi lokuhambisa ukukhanya).
Njenge-phosphor matrix esebenza kakuhle kakhulu (Lu₂O₃:Eu³⁺), inika ukukhanya okubomvu okucocekileyo kakhulu.
Ibonisa amandla okusebenza okuphendula ahlukileyo kwi-catalysis eyahlukileyo.
Zonke ezi zicelo zixhomekeke kubunyulu obuphezulu beLu₂O₃ (edla ngokufuna i-4N/99.99% okanye i-5N/99.999% nangaphezulu), umlinganiselo ochanekileyo we-stoichiometric, kunye nemo ethile yomzimba (njenge-ultrafine powder, ii-nanoparticles). Ubunzulu nobubanzi bokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu busakhula, ngakumbi kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe be-laser, imifanekiso yezonyango, kunye namayeza enyukliya, apho inendawo engenakutshintshwa khona.