Lutetium(III) Oxide
| Lutetium OxideZvivakwa |
| Zita rinoenderana | Lutetium oxide, Lutetium sesquioxide |
| Nhamba yeCAS. | 12032-20-1 |
| Fomura yemakemikari | Lu2O3 |
| Molar mass | 397.932g/mol |
| Nzvimbo yekunyunguduka | 2,490°C(4,510°F;2,760K) |
| Pokufashaira | 3,980°C(7,200°F;4,250K) |
| Kunyungudika mune zvimwe zvinonyungudutsa | Hazvinyunguduke |
| Mukana webhendi | 5.5eV |
Kuchena KwakakwiriraLutetium OxideTsanangudzo
| Saizi yeChidimbu (D50) | 2.85 μm |
| Kuchena (Lu2O3) | ≧99.999% |
| TREO (TotalRareEarthOxides) | 99.55% |
| RE Kusachena Zviri Mukati | ppm | Kusachena kweNon-REEs | ppm |
| La2O3 | <1 | Fe2O3 | 1.39 |
| CeO2 | <1 | SiO2 | 10.75 |
| Pr6O11 | <1 | CaO | 23.49 |
| Nd2O3 | <1 | PbO | Nd |
| Sm2O3 | <1 | CL¯ | 86.64 |
| Eu2O3 | <1 | LOI | 0.15% |
| Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| Er2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tm2O3 | <1 | ||
| Yb2O3 | <1 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Kurongedza】25KG/bhegi Zvinodiwa: haipindi hunyoro, haina guruva, yakaoma, inofefetedza mweya uye yakachena.
ChiiLutetium Oxideinoshandiswa here?
Makristaro eLaser nezvinhu zvecore matrix zvema solid-state lasers:
Mashandisirwo makuru: Lu₂O₃ chinhu chakakosha chekutanga kugadzira makristaro elaser anoshanda zvakanyanya akadai se lutetium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet uye lutetium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride. Makristaro aya anowanzo tsanangurwa seLu: YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) kana Lu: YLF (Yttrium Lithium Fluoride).
Maitiro ekushanda: Maion eLutetium (Lu³⁺) pachawo haawanzo shandiswa semaion anoshanda (nzvimbo dzinoburitsa magesi dzinoshandisa laser). Kunyange zvakadaro, sechikamu che matrix lattice, anogona kupa nzvimbo yakagadzikana uye yakabatana ye lattice. Kana akaiswa pamwe chete nemamwe maion earth earth (akadai seNd³⁺, Yb³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺, Ho³⁺), makristaro akavakirwa paLu₂O₃ anoratidza:
Kupisa kwakanyanya: Kunobvisa kupisa zvinobudirira, zvichiita kuti laser ishande nesimba uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yelenzi yekupisa.
Kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwemakemikari uye kwemuchina: Ita shuwa kuti lasers dzinoshanda kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Hunhu hwakanaka hwesimba refoni: Hunokanganisa hupenyu hwesimba uye kushanda zvakanaka kweatomu yemaion elaser.
Mashandisirwo: Ma laser aya anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu zvemaindasitiri (kucheka, kusanganisa, kuisa mamaki), zvekurapa (kuvhiyiwa kwemaziso, kurapwa kweganda), kutsvagisa kwesainzi, lidar, uye kutsvagisa kwekubatanidza inertial confinement.
Zviumbwa zvedongo nemagirazi zvakakosha:
Girazi regirazi rinopenya rakanyanya kupenya/rinopenya rakanyanya kupenya: Lu₂O₃ inoshandiswa kugadzira girazi regirazi rakanyanya kupenya (rakaita segirazi re lanthanide) rine girazi rinopenya rakanyanya kupenya uye rine hunhu hwakanyanya kupenya hwakanyanya kupenya. Girazi iri rakakosha pakugadzirisa kushanduka kwechromatic mumasisitimu epamusoro ekuona (akadai sema microscope objectives, ma lenses emakamera epamusoro, uye masisitimu e lithography).
Zviumbwa zvesimbi zvinopenya: Lu₂O₃ pachayo kana pamwe chete nemamwe ma oxide (akadai seY₂O₃) zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira zviumbwa zvesimbi zvinopenya zvepolycrystalline. Zviumbwa izvi zvine kufanana kwe optical uye transmittance yakafanana nemakristaro rimwe chete, asi zvakakura muhukuru, zvine simba remakanika, uye zvinogona kudhura zvishoma kugadzira. Mashandisirwo anosanganisira laser gain media, infrared windows, missile fairings, uye high-intensity lighting lampshades.
Zvekuwedzera zveceramic zvechimiro: Chidimbu chidiki cheLu₂O₃ chinogona kuwedzerwa semubatsiri wekupisa kana semushonga wekugadzira muganhu wegorosi kuti uvandudze hunhu hwemakanika anodziya zvakanyanya, kuramba kuoxidation, uye kuramba kukwira kwezvimwe zveceramics zvepamusoro (senge silicon nitride nesilicon carbide), uye chinoshandiswa mumabheringi anodziya zvakanyanya, maturusi ekucheka, uye zvikamu zveinjini yeturbine.
Kuonekwa kweScintillator nemwaranzi:
Zvinhu zvakakosha: Lu₂O₃ chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira makristaro emhando yepamusoro escintillator ane scintillator uye ceramics. Vamiririri vakakosha ndevanotevera:
Lutetium silicate: Lu₂SiO₅:Ce³⁺ nemakristaro ayo anobva. Nekuwanda kwakanyanya (~7.4 g/cm³), nhamba yemaatomu inoshanda zvakanyanya, nguva yekuora nekukurumidza, uye kubuda kwechiedza kwakawanda, ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukuongorora positron emission tomography.
Lutetium yttrium aluminate: (Lu, Y) )₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺ ceramics. Kusanganisa mabhenefiti emwenje unobuda zvakanyanya, kuora nekukurumidza, simba rakanaka, uye ceramics dzinogona kugadzirwa kuita saizi huru uye maumbirwo akaomarara, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumifananidzo yekurapa (PET/CT), kuyedza fizikisi ine simba rakawanda, kuchengetedzeka kwenyika (kuskena mitoro/mitoro), uye kuchekerera mafuta mumigodhi.
Zvakanakira: Nhamba yepamusoro yemaatomu (71) yelutetium inopa chinhu ichi kugona kwakanyanya kwekudzivirira photon ine simba guru (X-ray, gamma ray), zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekuona.
Maphosphorus nezvinhu zvinopenya:
Zvinhu zveMatrix: Lu₂O₃ inogona kushandiswa sematrix inoshanda pazvinhu zvinopenya zvinoshandisa maion anowanikwa pasi pevhu. Kana ikashandiswa maion europium (Eu³⁺), inogona kuburitsa fluorescence yakachena kwazvo (main peak ~611 nm) ine bandwidth yakamanikana uye kuchena kwemavara kwakakwirira.
Mashandisirwo: Inonyanya kushandiswa muhunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro hwekuratidza (senge maX-ray ekurapa ane resolution yepamusoro, mamwe marudzi ezviratidzo zvemagetsi) uye ma fluorescent probes (biomarkers, sensors). Kugadzikana kwayo kwakanaka kwemakemikari nekupisa kunoita kuti phosphor igare kwenguva refu.
Mhedzisiro yeCatalytic:
Chikamu cheCatalyst: Lu₂O₃ inoshanda mumhando dzakasiyana dze catalytic reactions nekuda kweLewis acidity yayo:
Kuchenesa peturu: Inogona kushandiswa semuchina wekutakura zvinhu kana chinhu chinoshanda (dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa pamwe chete nedzimwe metal oxides) mukuita kwakadai sekupwanyika (kuora mafuta anorema kuita mafuta akareruka), alkylation (kugadzira zvikamu zvepeturu zvine octane yakawanda), uye hydroprocessing (desulfurization, denitrogenation).
Maitiro epolymerization: Mumaitiro epolymerization eolefins (akadai se ethylene ne propylene), Lu₂O₃ kana zvinobva mairi zvinogona kushandiswa sezvinhu zvinokonzeresa kugoverwa kwehuremu hwemamorekuru uye chimiro chepolymer.
Kushandurwa kweMethane: Kunoratidza kukosha kwekutsvaga mukuita kwakadai se methane oxidative coupling kana kugadzirisa kugadzira gasi re synthesis.
Kurapa utsi hwemota: Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinosimbisa kana kuti chinokonzeresa kufambiswa kwemhepo muzvinhu zvitatu zvinokonzeresa kufambiswa kwemhepo (kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwayo kuri kushoma pane kwecerium, zirconium, nezvimwewo).
Maitiro: Basa rayo rekugadzira zvinhu rinonyanya kubva mukunyudzwa uye kugona kwekushanda kwenzvimbo dzisina okisijeni yepamusoro uye nzvimbo dzeLu³⁺ ion dzakaratidzwa pamamorekuru ereactant.
Mamwe mashandisirwo epamusoro-soro:
Indasitiri yeNyukireya: Isotope Lu-176 (yakawanda yechisikigo inosvika 2.6%) ine chikamu chikuru chekupisa neutron capture uye inogona kushandurwa kuita isotope yeradioactive Lu-177 inokosha pakurapa (yekurapa neradiotherapy) mushure mekupiswa neutron. Lu₂O₃ ndiyo yekutanga pakuchenesa Lu-176 kana kugadzirira Lu-177 radiopharmaceuticals. Lu₂O₃ yakachena kwazvo inogona zvakare kushandiswa mukutsvagisa zvinhu zvinotora neutron kana tambo dzekudzora nuclear.
Zvinhu zvemagetsi: Sechinhu chekutsvagisa chezvinhu zve high-κ gate dielectric (zvinoshandiswa kutsiva silicon dioxide mumachipisi akavakirwa pasilicon), kana kuti chekutsvagisa zvinhu zve ferroelectric uye multiferroic.
Zvinhu zvekuputira: Zvinoshandiswa kugadzira machira ekudzivirira anodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, ngura, kana ane hunhu hwakakosha hwemaziso (senge hwemainjini endege kana zvikamu zvesatellite optical).
Fizikisi yekuyedza: Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoisa radiator mukuyedza fizikisi yezvikamu.
Pfupiso:
Lutetium oxide (Lu₂O₃) haisi chinhu chakajairika. Chinhu chakakosha chinotsigira tekinoroji yemazuva ano. Kukosha kwayo kukuru kuri mu:
Sechinhu chepamusoro-soro chekushandisa matrix crystals dzelaser dzinoshanda zvakanaka (dzakadai seLu: YAG, Lu: YLF), inogonesa ma solid-state laser ane simba guru uye akasimba.
Sechikosha chechizvarwa chinotevera chezvinhu zvinoshandisa scintillator (LSO, LYSO, LuAG: Ce), zvinotungamira hunyanzvi hwekurapa mifananidzo (PET/CT) uye tekinoroji yekuona mwaranzi.
Inopa magirazi akakosha egirazi uye maceramics akajeka, ane hunhu hwakanaka hwemaziso (high refraction, low dispersion, wide light transmission range).
Senzira ye phosphor matrix inoshanda zvakanyanya (Lu₂O₃:Eu³⁺), inopa chiedza chitsvuku chakachena kwazvo.
Inoratidza kugona kwayo kuita kuti zvinhu zviite sezviri nyore mukuita kuti zvinhu zviite sezviri zvakasiyana.
Mashandisirwo ese aya anoenderana nekuchena kwakanyanya kweLu₂O₃ (kazhinji inoda 4N/99.99% kana kunyange 5N/99.999% kana kupfuura), chiyero chakarurama chestoichiometric, uye chimiro chaicho chemuviri (senge ultrafine powder, nanoparticles). Kudzika nehupamhi hwekushandiswa kwayo muminda yepamusoro-soro kuchiri kuwedzera, kunyanya muminda ye tekinoroji yelaser, medical imaging, uye nuclear medicine, uko ine nzvimbo isingatsiviwi.