ʻOkika Lutetium(III)
| ʻO ka Lutetium OxideNā Waiwai |
| ʻŌlelo like | Lutetium oxide, Lutetium sesquioxide |
| CASNo. | 12032-20-1 |
| ʻO ke ʻano kemika | Lu2O3 |
| Ka nuipa molar | 397.932g/mol |
| Kiko heheʻe | 2,490°C (4,510°F; 2,760K) |
| Kikowaena paila | 3,980°C (7,200°F; 4,250K) |
| Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe | Hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia |
| Ka hakahaka o ke kāʻei | 5.5eV |
Maʻemaʻe KiʻekiʻeʻO ka Lutetium OxideNā kikoʻī
| Ka nui o ka ʻāpana (D50) | 2.85 μm |
| Maʻemaʻe (Lu2O3) | ≧99.999% |
| TREO (Nā ʻOkika Honua Kakaikahi Huina) | 99.55% |
| Nā ʻIkepili o nā Mea Haumia RE | ppm | Nā haumia ʻaʻole REEs | ppm |
| La2O3 | <1 | Fe2O3 | 1.39 |
| CeO2 | <1 | SiO2 | 10.75 |
| Pr6O11 | <1 | CaO | 23.49 |
| Nd2O3 | <1 | PbO | Nd |
| Sm2O3 | <1 | CL¯ | 86.64 |
| Eu2O3 | <1 | LOI | 0.15% |
| Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| ʻEr2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tm2O3 | <1 | ||
| ʻO Yb2O3 | <1 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Pahu ʻana】25KG/ʻeke Nā Pono: pale i ka makū, ʻaʻohe lepo, maloʻo, ea a maʻemaʻe.
He aha ka meaʻO ka Lutetium Oxidei hoʻohana ʻia no?
Nā kristal laser a me nā mea matrix koʻikoʻi no nā lasers solid-state:
Nā noi koʻikoʻi: ʻO Lu₂O₃ kahi mea hoʻomaka koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā kristal laser hana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka lutetium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet a me ka lutetium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride. Hoʻākāka pinepine ʻia kēia mau kristal e like me Lu: YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) a i ʻole Lu: YLF (Yttrium Lithium Fluoride).
ʻAno hana: ʻAʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā iona Lutetium (Lu³⁺) ma ke ʻano he iona hana (nā kikowaena hoʻokuʻu laser). Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka lattice matrix, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻano lattice paʻa loa a paʻa. Ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā iona honua laha ʻē aʻe (e like me Nd³⁺, Yb³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺, Ho³⁺), hōʻike nā kristal Lu₂O₃:
ʻO ke alakaʻi wela kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻopau pono i ka wela, e ʻae ana i ka hana laser mana kiʻekiʻe a hoʻemi i nā hopena lens thermal.
Ke kūpaʻa kemika a me ka mechanical kiʻekiʻe: E hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi lōʻihi o nā lasers i nā ʻano ʻino.
Nā waiwai ikehu phonon maikaʻi loa: Hoʻopilikia i ke ola pae ikehu a me ka pono quantum o nā ion laser.
Nā noi: Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau lasers i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻoihana (ʻokiʻoki, kuʻihao, māka ʻana), lapaʻau (ʻoki maka, mālama ʻili), noiʻi ʻepekema, lidar, a me ka noiʻi fusion inertial confinement.
Nā keramika kūikawā a me ke aniani:
ʻO ke aniani optical refractive index kiʻekiʻe/haʻahaʻa dispersion: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lu₂O₃ e hana i ke aniani optical kūikawā (e like me ke aniani optical lanthanide) me ka refractive index kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā ʻano dispersion haʻahaʻa loa. He mea nui kēia aniani no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka chromatic aberration i nā ʻōnaehana optical holomua (e like me nā pahuhopu microscope, nā aniani kāmela kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ʻōnaehana lithography).
Nā keramika moakaka: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lu₂O₃ ponoʻī a i ʻole i hui pū ʻia me nā oxide ʻē aʻe (e like me Y₂O₃) e hana i nā keramika polycrystalline moakaka. Loaʻa i kēia mau keramika ke ʻano like o ka optical a me ka transmittance māmā e like me nā kristal hoʻokahi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika mechanical, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai e hoʻomākaukau ai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā noi i ka media loaʻa laser, nā puka makani infrared, nā fairings missile, a me nā kukui kukui kiʻekiʻe.
Nā mea hoʻohui keramika kūkulu: Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o Lu₂O₃ ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua sintering a i ʻole he mea ʻenekinia palena palaoa e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa oxidation, a me ke kūpaʻa kolo o nā keramika holomua ʻē aʻe (e like me ka silicon nitride a me ka silicon carbide), a hoʻohana ʻia i nā bearings wela kiʻekiʻe, nā mea ʻoki, a me nā ʻāpana mīkini turbine.
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka scintillator a me ka radiation:
Nā mea maka koʻikoʻi: ʻO Lu₂O₃ kahi mea maka koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā kristal hoʻokahi a me nā keramika scintillator i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka lutetium hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻelele koʻikoʻi loa:
ʻO Lutetium silicate: Lu₂SiO₅:Ce³⁺ a me kāna mau kristal derivative. Me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka density (~7.4 g/cm³), ka helu atomika kūpono kiʻekiʻe, ka manawa palaho wikiwiki, a me ka hoʻopuka kukui kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka mea ʻike holomua loa i ka tomography hoʻokuʻu positron.
ʻO Lutetium yttrium aluminate: (Lu, Y) )₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺ keramika. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pono o ka hoʻopuka kukui kiʻekiʻe, ka palaho wikiwiki, ka hoʻonā ikehu maikaʻi, a me nā keramika hiki ke hana ʻia i nā nui nui a me nā ʻano paʻakikī, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ke kiʻi lapaʻau (PET/CT), nā hoʻokolohua physics ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ka palekana ʻāina (ka nānā ʻana i nā ukana/ukana), a me ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka luawai aila.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: ʻO ka helu atomika kiʻekiʻe (71) o ka lutetium e hāʻawi i ka mea i ka hiki ke pale aku i ka photon ikehu kiʻekiʻe (X-ray, gamma ray), e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka pono o ka ʻike ʻana.
Nā phosphors a me nā mea luminescent:
Nā mea matrix: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lu₂O₃ ma ke ʻano he matrix kūpono no nā mea luminescent i hoʻāla ʻia e ka ion honua kakaikahi. Ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā ion europium (Eu³⁺), hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuka i ka fluorescence ʻulaʻula maʻemaʻe loa (peak nui ~611 nm) me kahi bandwidth hoʻopuka haiki a me ka maʻemaʻe kala kiʻekiʻe.
Nā noi: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻenehana hōʻike kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā pale hoʻoikaika kiʻi X-ray kiʻekiʻe lapaʻau, kekahi mau ʻano hōʻike hoʻokuʻu kahua) a me nā probes fluorescent (biomarkers, sensors). ʻO kona kūpaʻa kemika a me ka wela maikaʻi loa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ke ola lōʻihi o ka phosphor.
Hopena hoʻouluulu:
ʻĀpana mea hoʻouluulu: Hana ʻo Lu₂O₃ i nā ʻano hana hoʻouluulu like ʻole ma muli o kona waikawa Lewis:
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea lawe catalyst a i ʻole ka mea hana (i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia me nā oxides metala ʻē aʻe) i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka haki ʻana (ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka ʻaila kaumaha i nā wahie māmā), alkylation (hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana gasoline octane kiʻekiʻe), a me ka hydroprocessing (desulfurization, denitrogenation).
ʻO ka hopena polymerization: I ka hopena polymerization o nā olefins (e like me ka ethylene a me ka propylene), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lu₂O₃ a i ʻole kāna mau derivatives ma ke ʻano he mau mea catalyst e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻolaha kaumaha molekala a me ka microstructure o ka polymer.
Ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka Methane: Hōʻike ia i ka waiwai noiʻi i nā hopena e like me ka methane oxidative coupling a i ʻole ka hana hou ʻana e hana i ke kinoea synthesis.
Ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaʻa: Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa a i ʻole ka mea hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻouluulu ʻekolu ala (ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kāna noi ma mua o ka cerium, zirconium, a pēlā aku).
ʻAno hana: ʻO kāna hana catalytic ma muli o ka hiki ke adsorption a me ka hoʻāla ʻana o nā hakahaka oxygen ma luna a me nā wahi ion Lu³⁺ i hōʻike ʻia ma nā molekala reactant.
Nā hana hou ʻē aʻe:
ʻOihana nukelea: Loaʻa i ka isotope Lu-176 (ka nui maoli o kahi 2.6%) kahi ʻāpana keʻa hopu neutron thermal nui a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i loko o ka isotope radioactive Lu-177 waiwai nui (no ka radiotherapy i kuhikuhi ʻia) ma hope o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka neutron. ʻO Lu₂O₃ ka mea hoʻomaka no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana iā Lu-176 a i ʻole ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā radiopharmaceuticals Lu-177. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Lu₂O₃ kiʻekiʻe-maʻemaʻe i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea omo neutron a i ʻole nā koʻokoʻo hoʻomalu nukelea.
Nā mea uila: Ma ke ʻano he mea noiʻi o nā mea dielectric puka kiʻekiʻe-κ (i hoʻohana ʻia e pani i ka silicon dioxide i loko o nā ʻāpana silicon-based), a i ʻole no ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea ferroelectric a me multiferroic.
Nā mea uhi: Hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i nā uhi pale e kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, ka pala, a i ʻole he mau waiwai optical kūikawā (e like me nā ʻenekini mokulele a i ʻole nā ʻāpana optical ukali).
ʻIke hoʻokolohua: Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea radiator Cherenkov i nā hoʻokolohua ʻike ʻāpana.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo:
ʻAʻole loa he mea maka maʻamau ka Lutetium oxide (Lu₂O₃). He mea koʻikoʻi ia e kākoʻo ana i ka ʻenehana hou loa. Aia kona waiwai nui i:
Ma ke ʻano he mea matrix pae kiʻekiʻe loa no nā kristal laser hana kiʻekiʻe (e like me Lu: YAG, Lu: YLF), hiki iā ia ke hana i nā lasers solid-state mana kiʻekiʻe a paʻa hoʻi.
Ma ke ʻano he kihi o ka hanauna hou o nā mea scintillator (LSO, LYSO, LuAG: Ce), hoʻokele ia i ka hana hou o ke kiʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi lapaʻau (PET/CT) a me ka ʻenehana ʻike radiation.
Hāʻawi ia i ke aniani optical kūikawā a me nā keramika moakaka i nā waiwai optical maikaʻi loa (refraction kiʻekiʻe, hoʻolaha haʻahaʻa, laulā ākea o ka hoʻoili mālamalama).
Ma ke ʻano he matrix phosphor kiʻekiʻe-kūpono (Lu₂O₃:Eu³⁺), hāʻawi ia i ka hoʻokuʻu kukui ʻulaʻula maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻike ia i kahi hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hopena kū hoʻokahi i ka catalysis heterogeneous.
Hilinaʻi kēia mau noi a pau i ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe o Lu₂O₃ (e koi pinepine ana i ka 4N/99.99% a i ʻole 5N/99.999% a ʻoi aku paha), ka lakio stoichiometric pololei, a me ke ʻano kino kikoʻī (e like me ka pauka ultrafine, nā nanoparticles). Ke hoʻonui mau nei ka hohonu a me ka laulā o kāna noi ma nā kahua ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā kahua o ka ʻenehana laser, ke kiʻi lapaʻau, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau nukelea, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi kūlana hiki ʻole ke pani ʻia.