Kuvhura simba rezvinhu zvemazuva ano: Trimethylaluminium netrimethylgallium zvinosimudzira hunyanzvi hwemaindasitiri.
Mukufambira mberi nekukurumidza kweindasitiri dzekugadzira zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro pasi rose uye dzemagetsi, trimethylaluminum (TMA, Al(CH3)3) uye trimethylgallium (TMG, Ga(CH3)3) sesimbi huru yeorganic compounds (MO sources) dziri kuva musimboti wekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva muminda ye catalysis, semiconductors, photovoltaics uye LEDs dzine hunhu hwadzo hwakanaka hwemakemikari uye kukosha kwekushandiswa kusingatsiviwe. Nekusimba kwayo kwehunyanzvi kuri kuramba kuchivandudzwa uye chain yekugovera yakagadzikana uye inoshanda, China iri kuva nzvimbo yepamusoro yekupa trimethylaluminum ne trimethylgallium pasi rose.
Chinhu chakakosha pakugadziriswa kwesimba: mupiro wakakura wetrimethylaluminum
Kubva pakatanga tekinoroji yeZiegler-Natta catalytic, organoaluminium compounds ndiyo yave simba guru rekugadzira mapolyolefins (akadai sepolyethylene nepolypropylene). Pakati pawo, methylaluminoxane (MAO), inobva ku trimethylaluminum ine purity yakakura, semubatsiri mukuru we co-catalyst, inoshanda zvinobudirira mu transition metal catalysts dzakasiyana-siyana uye inotungamira maitiro makuru e polymerization pasi rose. Kuchena uye reactivity ye trimethylaluminum zvinosarudza zvakananga kushanda kwe catalytic system uye mhando ye polymer yekupedzisira.
Zvinhu zvekutanga zvekugadzira semiconductor ne photovoltaic
Mukugadzira machipisi e semiconductor, trimethylaluminium inzvimbo inodiwa zvikuru yealuminium. Inoshandisa maitiro e chemical vapor deposition (CVD) kana atomic layer deposition (ALD) kuti iite basa rayo nemazvo.aruminiyamu oxide (Al2O3))mafirimu ane dielectric constant (high-k) akakwirira emagedhi e transistor epamusoro uye masero ekurangarira. Zvinodiwa zvekuchena kwe trimethylaluminium zvakanyanya kuoma, kunyanya kutarisisa huwandu hwetsvina yesimbi, tsvina ine okisijeni, uye tsvina ye organic kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti firimu rine hunhu hwakanaka hwemagetsi uye kuvimbika kwayo.
Panguva imwe chete, trimethylaluminum ndiyo nzira inonyanya kufarirwa yekukura kwema semiconductor ane aruminiyamu (akadai seAlAs, AlN, AlP, AlSb, AlGaAs, AlGaN, AlInGaP, AlInGaN, nezvimwewo) kuburikidza netekinoroji yesimbi organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Zvinhu izvi zvinoumba musimboti wekukurukurirana nekukurumidza, magetsi emagetsi, uye deep ultraviolet optoelectronic devices.
Muindasitiri ye photovoltaic, trimethylaluminum ine basa guru. Kuburikidza ne plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) kana ALD process, trimethylaluminum inoshandiswa kugadzira aluminium oxide (Al2O3) passivation layer yepamusoro-soro. Iyi passivation layer inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kwe recombination pamusoro pe crystalline silicon solar cells, nokudaro ichivandudza zvikuru kushanda kwekushandura kwemasero. Ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakakosha mukugadzirwa kwe solar cells dzinoshanda zvakanyanya.
Kujekesa ramangwana: ma LED nezvinhu zve optoelectronic zvemhando yepamusoro
Indasitiri ye LED iri kukura zvakanyanya inovimba ne trimethylaluminium ne trimethylgallium. Mukukura kwe LED epitaxial (MOVPE):
* Trimethylaluminum chinhu chakakosha pakukura kwezvikamu zve epitaxial zvine aruminiyamu zveIII-V compound semiconductor zvakaita sealuminium gallium nitride (AlGaN), zvinoshandiswa kugadzira ma LED e-ultraviolet akadzika uye lasers. Inoshandiswawo kuisa zvikamu zveAl2O3 kana AlN passivation kuti zvivandudze kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa chiedza uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo.
*Trimethylgallium (TMG)ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye yakakura ye gallium muMOVPE process. Ndiyo nzira huru yekugadzira mhando dzakasiyana dze gallium-containing compound semiconductors, dzinosanganisira:
* Gallium Nitride (GaN): Chinhu chakakosha che LED dzebhuruu nechena, lasers (LDs), uye zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvine simba guru.
* Gallium arsenide (GaAs): Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemagetsi inomhanya zvikuru, zvikamu zveredhiyo, maseru ezuva anoshanda zvakanyanya, uye michina yemagetsi ye near-infrared optoelectronic.
* Gallium phosphide (GaP) uye gallium antimonide (GaSb): Izvi zvakakosha muminda yema LED matsvuku, eyero, uye girini, ma photodetector, nezvimwewo.
* Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS): chinhu chinotora chiedza chepakati chinoshandiswa kugadzira masero ezuva anopenya zvakanyanya.
Kuchena uye kugadzikana kwetrimethylgallium zvinosarudza zvakananga kunaka kwekristaro uye hunhu hwemagetsi/optical hwe epitaxial layer, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvakanganisa kupenya, kugadzikana kwema wavelength, uye hupenyu hwe LED. Trimethylgallium inoshandiswawo kugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha zvefirimu rakatetepa zvakaita seGaAs, GaN, uye GaP, zvichishandira microelectronics uye zvishandiso zvine frequency yakakwira.
Kupa kweChina: vimbiso yemhando, kugadzikana, uye kushanda zvakanaka
China yafambira mberi zvikuru mukugadzira magasi emagetsi akachena zvakanyanya uye matsime eMO, uye yakaratidza mabhenefiti akasimba mukupa trimethylaluminium netrimethylgallium:
1. Maitiro ekuchenesa epamusoro-soro: Makambani makuru emuno ane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro hwekunyorovesa, kunyudza, kuchenesa nekupisa kwakaderera uye mamwe matekinoroji, uye anogona kugadzira trimethylaluminium netrimethylgallium zvakakora zvakanyanya zve6N (99.9999%) uye pamusoro, kudzora zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwesimbi (senge Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn), kusvibiswa kune oxygen (senge oxygen-containing hydrocarbons) uye kusvibiswa kweorganic (senge ethylaluminum, dimethylaluminum hydride), uye kusangana zvizere nezvinodiwa zvekukura kwe semiconductor ne LED epitaxial.
2. Kuwanikwa kwakagadzikana uye kwakakura: Rutsigiro rwakakwana rwecheni yeindasitiri uye kugona kwekugadzira kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kunoita kuti pave nekuwanikwa kwakakura, kwakagadzikana, uye kwakavimbika kwetrimethylaluminium netrimethylgallium kumusika wepasi rose, zvichidzivirira njodzi dzecheni yekugovera.
3. Zvakanakira mutengo nekushanda zvakanaka: Kugadzira zvinhu munzvimbo imwe chete kunoderedza zvakanyanya mari yese (kusanganisira logistics, tariffs, nezvimwewo) ukuwo kuchipa rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi uye masevhisi anochinjika uye anopindura zviri nyore.
4. Kuenderera mberi nekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva: Makambani ekuChina anoramba achiisa mari mukutsvaga nekuvandudza, achiramba achivandudza maitiro ekugadzira trimethylaluminium netrimethylgallium, achivandudza mhando yezvigadzirwa uye mashandiro azvo, uye achishingaira kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa netekinoroji yechizvarwa chinotevera (senge Micro-LED, ma node semiconductors epamusoro, uye ma solar cell ane simba rakawanda).
Mhedziso
Se "majini ezvinhu" emaindasitiri emazuva ano epamusoro-soro, trimethylaluminum ne trimethylgallium zvine basa guru muminda ye catalytic polymerization, semiconductor chips, high-efficiency photovoltaics, uye advanced optoelectronics (LED/LD). Kusarudza trimethylaluminum ne trimethylgallium kubva kuChina hakusi kungosarudza zvigadzirwa zve ultra-high purity zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvepasi rose, asiwo kusarudza mubatsiri ane tarisiro yakasimba yekugadzira, kugona kuvandudza zvinhu nguva dzose, uye kugona kushanda zvakanaka. Gamuchira trimethylaluminum ne trimethylgallium zvakagadzirwa muChina, pamwe chete zvinosimudzira kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri, uye zvinotungamira muganhu wezve tekinoroji mune ramangwana!