Furitaanka awoodda agabka casriga ah: Trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium waxay horseedaan hal-abuurka warshadaha.
Iyada oo ay jirto horumar degdeg ah oo ku yimid warshadaha wax soo saarka ee heerka sare ah iyo kuwa elektaroonigga ah, trimethylaluminum (TMA, Al(CH3) 3) iyo trimethylgallium (TMG, Ga(CH3) 3) oo ah isku-dhisyo bir ah oo asaasi ah (ilaha MO) ayaa noqonaya aasaaska hal-abuurka ee dhinacyada catalysis-ka, semiconductors-ka, photovoltaics-ka iyo LED-yada oo leh sifooyin kiimiko oo heer sare ah iyo qiimo codsi oo aan la beddeli karin. Iyada oo si joogto ah u horumarinaysa xoogga farsamada iyo silsiladda saadka oo deggan oo hufan, Shiinuhu wuxuu noqonayaa dhul sare oo istiraatiiji ah oo loogu talagalay sahayda caalamiga ah ee trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium.
Saldhigga ugu muhiimsan ee catalysis-ka: ka qayb qaadashada cajiibka ah eetrimethylaluminium
Tan iyo markii la aasaasay tignoolajiyada Ziegler-Natta catalytic, isku-dhafka organoaluminum waxay noqdeen xoogga ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka polyolefins (sida polyethylene iyo polypropylene). Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, methylaluminoxane (MAO), oo laga soo qaatay trimethylaluminum saafi ah oo sarreeya, oo ah kiciyaha muhiimka ah, si wax ku ool ah ayuu u dhaqaajiyaa kiciyayaal kala duwan oo bir ah oo kala-guur ah wuxuuna dhaqaajiyaa habka polymerization-ka ee adduunka ee weyn. Nadiifnimada iyo falcelinta trimethylaluminum waxay si toos ah u go'aamisaa hufnaanta nidaamka katalytic-ga iyo tayada polymer-ka ugu dambeeya.
Horudhacyada asaasiga ah ee wax soo saarka semiconductor iyo photovoltaic
Dhinaca wax soo saarka jajabyada semiconductor-ka, trimethylaluminum waa ilo aluminium ah oo aan laga maarmi karin. Waxay isticmaashaa hababka dhigista uumiga kiimikada (CVD) ama dhigista lakabka atomiga (ALD) si sax ah loogu kaydiyo waxqabadka sareAlumiiniyo oksaydh (Al2O3))Filimada joogtada ah ee dielectric-ga sare (sare-k) ee albaabada transistor-ka ee horumarsan iyo unugyada xusuusta. Shuruudaha daahirnimada ee trimethylaluminum waa kuwo aad u adag, iyadoo si gaar ah loo fiiro gaar ah loo siinayo waxa ku jira wasakhda birta, wasakhda ogsijiinta ku jirta, iyo wasakhda dabiiciga ah si loo hubiyo sifooyinka korantada ee aadka u fiican iyo isku halaynta filimka.
Isla mar ahaantaana, trimethylaluminum waa horudhaca la door bidayo ee koritaanka semiconductors-ka isku-dhafka ah ee ka kooban aluminium (sida AlAs, AlN, AlP, AlSb, AlGaAs, AlGaN, AlInGaP, AlInGaN, iwm.) iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada epitaxy-ga wejiga uumiga dabiiciga ah ee birta (MOVPE). Agabkani waxay sameeyaan xudunta isgaarsiinta xawaaraha sare leh, elektaroonigga awoodda leh, iyo aaladaha optoelectronic-ka ee ultraviolet-ka qoto dheer.
Warshadaha sawir-qaadista, trimethylaluminum sidoo kale waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa. Iyada oo loo marayo habka kaydinta uumiga kiimikada ee la xoojiyay ee balaasmaha (PECVD) ama habka ALD, trimethylaluminum waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo lakabka passivation ee aluminium oksaydh tayo sare leh (Al2O3). Lakabka passivation-kani wuxuu si weyn u yareyn karaa luminta isku-dhafka ee dusha sare ee unugyada qorraxda ee silicon crystalline, taasoo si weyn u hagaajinaysa hufnaanta beddelka unugyada. Waa mid ka mid ah hababka muhiimka ah ee soo saarista unugyada qorraxda ee waxtarka sare leh.
Iftiiminta mustaqbalka: LED-yada iyo agabka optoelectronic-ka ee horumarsan
Warshadaha LED-ka ee kobcaya waxay aad ugu tiirsan yihiin trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium. Kobaca epitaxial-ka LED (MOVPE):
* Trimethylaluminum waa horudhac muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay kobcinta lakabyada epitaxial-ka semiconductor-ka ee ka kooban aluminium-ka III-V sida aluminium gallium nitride (AlGaN), kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro LED-yada iyo laysarka ultraviolet-ka ee waxqabadka sare leh. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa in lagu kaydiyo lakabyada passivation-ka Al2O3 ama AlN si loo hagaajiyo hufnaanta soo saarista iftiinka iyo isku halaynta aaladaha.
*Trimethylgallium (TMG)waa isha ugu muhiimsan uguna bislaanshaha badan ee gallium ee habka MOVPE. Waa hordhaca ugu muhiimsan ee diyaarinta noocyada kala duwan ee semiconductors-ka isku dhafan ee gallium ka kooban, oo ay ku jiraan:
* Gallium Nitride (GaN): Alaab asaasi ah oo loogu talagalay LED-yada buluugga iyo caddaanka ah, laysarka (LDs), iyo aaladaha elektaroonigga ah ee awoodda sare leh.
* Gallium arsenide (GaAs): Waxaa si ballaaran loogu isticmaalaa aaladaha elektaroonigga ah ee xawaaraha sare leh, qaybaha soo noqnoqda raadiyaha, unugyada qorraxda ee booska waxtarka sare leh, iyo aaladaha optoelectronic ee ku dhow infrared.
* Gallium phosphide (GaP) iyo gallium antimonide (GaSb): Waxay muhiim u yihiin meelaha LED-yada cas, jaalaha, iyo cagaarka ah, sawir-qaadayaasha, iwm.
* Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS): lakabka nuuga iftiinka ee xudunta u ah ee loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro unugyada qorraxda ee khafiifka ah ee waxtarka sare leh.
Nadiifnimada iyo xasilloonida trimethylgallium waxay si toos ah u go'aamisaa tayada kiristaalka iyo sifooyinka korontada/indhaha ee lakabka epitaxial, taas oo ugu dambeyntii saamaysa dhalaalka, isku dheelitirka hirarka, iyo cimriga LED-ka. Trimethylgallium waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu diyaariyo agabka filimada khafiifka ah ee muhiimka ah sida GaAs, GaN, iyo GaP, iyadoo u adeegta microelectronics iyo aaladaha soo noqnoqda sare.
Sahayda Shiinaha: dammaanadda tayada, xasilloonida, iyo hufnaanta
Shiinuhu wuxuu horumar la taaban karo ka sameeyay gaasaska gaarka ah ee elektaroonigga ah ee saafiga sare leh iyo ilaha MO, wuxuuna muujiyay faa'iidooyin tartan oo xooggan oo ku saabsan bixinta trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium:
1. Habka nadiifinta ee ugu casrisan: Shirkadaha hormuudka ka ah gudaha waxay barteen si joogto ah oo joogto ah, nuugista, nadiifinta heerkulka hooseeya iyo teknoolojiyada kale, waxayna si joogto ah u soo saari karaan trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium oo ah 6N (99.9999%) iyo wixii ka sareeya, si adag ayay u xakameyn karaan wasakhda birta (sida Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn), wasakhda ka kooban ogsijiinta (sida hydrocarbons-ka ka kooban ogsijiinta) iyo wasakhda dabiiciga ah (sida ethylaluminum, dimethylaluminum hydride), waxayna si buuxda u buuxiyaan shuruudaha adag ee koritaanka semiconductor-ka iyo LED epitaxial.
2. Sahayda baaxadda leh iyo midda deggan: Taageerada silsiladda warshadaha oo dhammaystiran iyo awoodda wax soo saarka oo si joogto ah u ballaarinaysa waxay hubinaysaa sahay ballaaran, deggan, iyo mid la isku halleyn karo oo trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium ah oo suuqa adduunka ah, iyadoo si wax ku ool ah uga hortagaysa khataraha silsiladda sahayda.
3. Faa'iidooyinka kharashka iyo hufnaanta: Wax soo saarka maxalliga ah wuxuu si weyn u yareeyaa kharashyada guud (oo ay ku jiraan saadka, canshuuraha, iwm.) isagoo bixinaya taageero farsamo iyo adeegyo deegaan oo dabacsan oo jawaab celin leh.
4. Hal-abuur joogto ah oo ku salaysan hal-abuur: Shirkadaha Shiinaha waxay sii wadaan inay maalgashadaan cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta, si joogto ah u wanaajiyaan hababka wax soo saarka ee trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium, waxay horumariyaan tayada badeecadaha iyo waxqabadka codsiga, waxayna si firfircoon u horumariyaan qeexitaanno cusub oo ku saabsan alaabada daboolaya baahiyaha teknoolojiyada jiilka soo socda (sida Micro-LED, semiconductor-yada noodiska ee horumarsan, iyo unugyada qorraxda ee waxtarka sare leh).
Gunaanad
Maadaama ay yihiin "hidde-sidayaasha walxaha" ee warshadaha casriga ah ee tiknoolajiyada sare, trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium waxay door aan la beddeli karin ka ciyaaraan beeraha polymerization-ka catalytic, jajabyada semiconductor-ka, photovoltaics-ka waxtarka sare leh, iyo optoelectronics-ka horumarsan (LED/LD). Doorashada trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium ee Shiinaha ma aha oo kaliya doorashada alaabada saafiga ah ee aadka u sarreeya ee buuxiya heerarka ugu sarreeya adduunka, laakiin sidoo kale doorashada lammaane istaraatiiji ah oo leh dammaanado awood wax soo saar oo xooggan, awoodo hal-abuur oo joogto ah, iyo awoodo jawaab celin adeeg oo hufan. Ku soo dhawow trimethylaluminum iyo trimethylgallium oo laga sameeyay Shiinaha, si wadajir ah u xooji casriyeynta warshadaha, oo u horseeda xuduudda tiknoolajiyadda mustaqbalka!