He matū kore-waro te cerium carbonate i hangaia mā te tauhohenga o te cerium oxide ki te carbonate. He tino pumau, he koretake hoki tōna matū, ā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā momo rāngai pēnei i te pūngao karihi, ngā whakakorikori, ngā tae, te karāhe, me ētahi atu. E ai ki ngā raraunga a ngā umanga rangahau mākete, i eke te mākete cerium carbonate o te ao ki te $2.4 piriona i te tau 2019, ā, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te $3.4 piriona i te tau 2024. E toru ngā tikanga whakaputa matua mō te cerium carbonate: te matū, te ā-tinana, me te koiora. I roto i ēnei tikanga, ko te tikanga matū te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana nā te iti o ngā utu whakaputa; heoi, he nui hoki ngā wero parahanga taiao. He nui ngā tūmanakohanga whanaketanga me ngā pūmanawa o te umanga cerium carbonate engari me aro atu hoki ki ngā whanaketanga hangarau me ngā wero tiaki taiao. Ko UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd., he umanga matua i Haina e tohunga ana ki te rangahau me te whanaketanga me te whakaputa me te hoko i ngā hua cerium carbonate e whai ana ki te whakatairanga i te tipu o te umanga pumau mā te whakatau kaupapa matua o ngā mahi tiaki taiao me te whakatinana i ngā mahi tino whai hua me te mohio. Kua kohikohia e te rōpū R&D a UrbanMines tēnei tuhinga hei whakautu i ngā pātai me ngā āwangawanga a ō mātou kiritaki.
1. He aha te whakamahinga o te cerium carbonate? He aha ngā whakamahinga o te cerium carbonate?
Ko te cerium carbonate he matū i hangaia mai i te cerium me te carbonate, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rauemi whakatere, ngā rauemi kanapa, ngā rauemi whakakanapa, me ngā matū matū. Ko ōna wāhi whakamahinga motuhake ko:
(1) Ngā rauemi kanapa o te whenua onge: He rauemi mata nui te cerium carbonate parakore mō te hanga rauemi kanapa o te whenua onge. He nui te whakamahinga o ēnei rauemi kanapa i roto i te rama, te whakaaturanga, me ētahi atu mara, e tautoko ana i te whanaketanga o te umanga hiko hou.
(2) Ngā mea horoi hau o te miihini waka: Ka whakamahia te cerium carbonate ki te hanga i ngā whakakorikori horoi hau o te motuka e whakaiti ana i ngā tukunga parahanga mai i ngā hau o te waka, ā, he mea nui hoki ki te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau.
(3) Ngā rauemi whakakanapa: Mā te mahi hei tāpiri i roto i ngā matū whakakanapa, ka whakarei ake te cerium carbonate i te kanapa me te maeneene o ngā momo matū.
(4) Ngā kirihou hangarau tae: Ina whakamahia hei tae, ka hoatu e te cerium carbonate he tae me ngā āhuatanga motuhake ki ngā kirihou hangarau.
(5) Ngā Whakakōkī Matū: He whānui ngā whakamahinga o te cerium carbonate hei whakakōkī matū mā te whakarei ake i te mahi whakakōkī me te whiriwhiringa me te whakatairanga i ngā tauhohenga matū.
(6) Ngā matū matū me ngā tono hauora: Haunga tōna whakamahinga hei matū matū, kua whakaatuhia te uara o te cerium carbonate i roto i ngā mara hauora pēnei i te rongoā i ngā patunga wera.
(7) Ngā tāpiringa karāhe sima: Mā te tāpiri o te karāhe cerium ki ngā koranu karāhe sima ka whakapai ake i tōna pakeketanga me ōna āheinga ātete ki te kakahu.
(8) Ahumahi Uku: Ka whakamahia e te umanga uku te cerium carbonate hei tāpiri hei whakarei ake i ngā āhuatanga mahi me ngā kounga āhua o ngā uku.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, nā ōna āhuatanga ahurei me te whānuitanga o ngā tono puta noa i ngā ahumahi rerekē, he mea iti te whakamahinga o ngā cerium carbonates.
2. He aha te tae o te cerium carbonate?
He mā te tae o te cerium carbonate, engari tera pea ka pā te parakore ki te tae motuhake, ka hua ake he tae kōwhai paku.
3. He aha ngā whakamahinga e toru o te cerium?
E toru ngā whakamahinga noa o te Cerium:
(1) Ka whakamahia hei kaiwhakaoho tahi i roto i ngā kaiwhakaoho purenga hauā waka hei pupuri i te mahi rokiroki hāora, hei whakarei ake i te mahi whakaoho, me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā konganuku utu nui. Kua whānuitia te whakamahi i tēnei whakaoho i roto i ngā waka, ā, he pai te whakaiti i te parahanga mai i ngā tukunga hauā waka ki te taiao.
(2) He tāpiringa tēnei i roto i te karāhe whatu hei mimiti i ngā hihi ultraviolet me te infrared. He nui te whakamahinga i roto i te karāhe motuka, hei tiaki i ngā hihi UV me te whakaiti i te pāmahana o roto o te motuka, ā, hei penapena hiko mō ngā mahi hauhautanga. Mai i te tau 1997, kua whakauruhia te cerium oxide ki roto i ngā karāhe motuka katoa o Hapanihi, ā, he nui hoki te whakamahinga i roto i te United States.
(3) Ka taea te tāpiri i te cerium hei tāpiri ki ngā rauemi aukume tuturu NdFeB hei whakarei ake i ō rātou āhuatanga aukume me te pumau. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ēnei rauemi i roto i ngā mīhini hiko me ngā mīhini hiko pēnei i ngā motuka me ngā whakaputa hiko, hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te mahi a ngā taputapu.
4. He aha te pānga o te cerium ki te tinana?
Ko ngā pānga o te cerium ki te tinana ko te paitini ki te ate me te paitini ki te wheua, tae atu ki ngā pānga pea ki te pūnaha io whatu. He kino te cerium me ōna matū ki te kiri o te tangata me te pūnaha io whatu, ahakoa he iti noa te manawa ka tūpono he mate hauātanga, he mate morearea rānei. He paitini te waikura cerium ki te tinana tangata, ka pā kino ki te ate me ngā wheua. I roto i te oranga o ia rā, he mea nui kia tika te mahi i ngā mahi ārai me te karo i te manawa i ngā matū.
Ina koa, ka taea e te cerium oxide te whakaiti i te nui o te prothrombin kia kore ai e mahi; te aukati i te hanga thrombin; te whakaputa i te fibrinogen; me te whakatere i te pirau o ngā matū phosphate. Mā te roa o te whakamahinga o ngā taonga he nui rawa te nui o te whenua onge ka kino pea te ate me te angaanga.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea e te paura whakakanapa kei roto ko te cerium oxide, ētahi atu matū rānei, te tomo tika ki roto i ngā pukahukahu mā te manawa o te ara manawa, ka puta ai he putunga pukahukahu, ka hua ake pea he silicosis. Ahakoa he iti te tere mimiti o te cerium radioactive i roto i te tinana, he nui te wāhanga mimiti o te 144Ce a ngā pēpi i roto i ō rātou ara puku. Ko te cerium radioactive ka kohia i roto i te ate me ngā wheua i roto i te wā.
5. Kocerium carbonatewairewa i roto i te wai?
Kāore e wairewa te cerium carbonate i roto i te wai, engari ka wairewa i roto i ngā otinga waikawa. He matū pumau tēnei e kore e rerekē ina pāngia e te hau, engari ka mangu i raro i te mārama ultraviolet.
6. He mārō, he ngohengohe rānei te cerium?
He konganuku ngohengohe te cerium, he hiriwa-mā, he kaha te tauhohenga matū, ā, he ngāwari te hanga ka taea te tapahi ki te maripi.
Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te cerium e tautoko ana i tōna āhua ngohengohe. Ko te ira rewa o te cerium he 795°C, ko te ira kohua he 3443°C, ā, ko te mātotoru he 6.67 g/mL. Hei tāpiri, ka rerekē te tae ina pāngia e te hau. E tohu ana ēnei āhuatanga he konganuku ngohengohe, he ngāwari hoki te cerium.
7. Ka taea e te cerium te whakakōkī i te wai?
Ka taea e te cerium te whakapūkara i te wai nā tōna kaha matū. Ka āta tauhohe ki te wai matao, ka tere hoki ki te wai wera, ka hua ake te hanganga o te cerium hydroxide me te hau hauwai. Ka piki ake te tere o tēnei tauhohenga i roto i te wai wera ki te whakataurite ki te wai matao.
8. He onge te cerium?
Ae, e kiia ana te cerium he huānga onge nā te mea he 0.0046% noa iho te rahi o te kirinuku o te whenua, ā, koia tētahi o ngā huānga whenua onge tino nui.
9. He wai totoka, he hau rānei te cerium?
Kei te noho te cerium hei totoka i te pāmahana rūma me ngā āhuatanga pēhanga. Ko tōna āhua he rite ki te konganuku tauhohe hiriwa-hina he ngāwari, he ngawari ake i te rino. Ahakoa ka taea te huri hei wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamahana, i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa (te pāmahana rūma me te pēhanga), ka noho tonu i roto i tōna āhua totoka nā tōna ira rewa o te 795°C me te ira kohua o te 3443°C.
10. He aha te āhua o te cerium?
He rite te āhua o te cerium ki tētahi konganuku tauhohe hiriwa-hina, nō te rōpū o ngā huānga whenua onge (REE). Ko tōna tohu matū ko Ce, ko tōna tau ngota ko 58. He mea motuhake tēnei hei tētahi o ngā REE tino nui. He nui te tauhohenga o te paura ceriu ki te hau e puta ai te mura ohorere, ā, he ngāwari hoki te rewa ki ngā waikawa. He pai rawa atu hei whakaiti i te kaha e whakamahia ana mō te hanga koranu.
Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana ko: kei waenga i te 6.7-6.9 te mātotoru i runga i te hanganga tioata; kei te 799℃ te ira rewa, ā, kei te 3426℃ te ira kohua. I ahu mai te ingoa "cerium" i te kupu Ingarihi "Ceres", e pā ana ki tētahi asteroid. Ko te ōrau o te ihirangi i roto i te kirinuku o te Ao e tata ana ki te 0.0046%, ā, he tino kitea i roto i ngā REE.
Ko te nuinga o te wā ka kitea te ceriu i roto i te monazite, te bastnaesite, me ngā hua fission i ahu mai i te uranium-thorium plutonium. I roto i te ahumahi, he whānuitia ngā whakamahinga pēnei i te whakamahi i ngā whakakorikori hanga koranu.