Hoʻokele ka 5G i nā ʻoihana hou i ke kaulahao ʻoihana Tantalum
Ke hoʻokomo nei ʻo 5G i kahi ikaika hou i ka hoʻomohala waiwai o Kina, a ua alakaʻi pū nā ʻōnaehana hou i ka wikiwiki o ke kūkulu ʻana i loko o ka hale i kahi wā wikiwiki.
Ua hōʻike ke Kuhina ʻOihana a me ka ʻIke ʻIke o Kina i Mei e hoʻohui ana ka ʻāina ma mua o 10,000 mau kikowaena kumu 5G hou i kēlā me kēia pule. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūkulu ʻana o ke kahua kumu 5G kūloko o Kina ma mua o 200,000 ma ka piha piha, me 17.51 miliona mau kelepona paʻalima 5G kūloko i hoʻouna ʻia i Iune o kēia makahiki, e helu ana i 61 pakeneka o nā hoʻouna kelepona paʻalima i ka manawa like. Ma ke ʻano he "mua" a me "kumu" o ke kahua hou, e lilo ana ke kaulahao ʻoihana 5G i kumuhana wela no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki mai ana.
Me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala kalepa ʻana o 5G, ua loaʻa i nā capacitors tantalum kahi manaʻolana ākea.
Me ka ʻokoʻa nui o ka mahana o waho a me nā loli o ke kaiapuni he nui, pono nā kikowaena kumu 5G i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. Hoʻonui kēia i nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o nā ʻāpana uila ma ke kikowaena kumu. I waena o lākou, he mau ʻāpana uila koʻikoʻi nā capacitors o nā kikowaena kumu 5G. ʻO nā capacitors Tantalum nā capacitors alakaʻi.
ʻO nā capacitors Tantalum e hōʻike ʻia e ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui, ka waiwai ESR liʻiliʻi, ka waiwai capacitance nui a me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i nā capacitors Tantalum nā ʻano mahana paʻa, ka laulā o ka mahana hana, a pēlā aku. I kēia manawa, hiki iā lākou ke ho'ōla iā lākou iho ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana e hōʻoia i ka paʻa hana lōʻihi. No laila, i nā manawa he nui, he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ia e hoʻoholo ai inā he huahana kiʻekiʻe kahi huahana uila a ʻaʻole paha.
Me nā pono e like me ke alapine kiʻekiʻe, ka mahana hana ākea, ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe a kūpono no ka miniaturization, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā capacitors tantalum ma nā kikowaena kumu 5G e hoʻoikaika ana i ka "miniaturization, ka pono kiʻekiʻe a me ka bandwidth nui". ʻO ka helu o nā kikowaena kumu 5G he 2-3 mau manawa o ka 4G. I kēia manawa, i ka ulu nui ʻana o nā mea hoʻoili wikiwiki kelepona paʻalima, ua lilo nā capacitors tantalum i mea maʻamau ma muli o ka hoʻopuka paʻa a me ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka leo e 75%.
Ma muli o nā ʻano alapine hana, ma lalo o nā kūlana noi like, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kikowaena kumu 5G ma mua o 4G. ʻO ka ʻikepili e like me ke Kuhina o ka ʻoihana a me ka hōʻike ʻike, ma ka helu o nā kikowaena kumu 4G a puni ka ʻāina i ka makahiki 2019 i 5.44 miliona, no laila ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka pūnaewele 5G e hoʻokō i nā koi uhi like, a i ʻole pono i nā kikowaena kumu 5 g, 1000 ~ 20 miliona e manaʻo ʻia e piʻi aʻe mai kēia manawa, inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻokō i ke komo ākea i ka 5G, pono e hoʻopau i ka nui o ka capacitor tantalum, e like me ka wānana mākeke, e hiki aku ka pae mākeke capacitor tantalum i 7.02 biliona yuan i ka makahiki 2020, e hoʻomau ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomohala mālie ʻana o nā kaʻa uila, ka naʻauao hana, AI, nā mea hiki ke komo ʻia, nā kikowaena ao, a me nā mākeke lako uila hoʻouka wikiwiki kelepona akamai, puka mai nā lako hana kiʻekiʻe, a e kau ʻia nā koi hou aku ma luna o nā capacitors kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā capacitors tantalum. ʻO nā poʻo hoʻouka iPhone a me nā papa Apple, no ka laʻana, hoʻohana i ʻelua mau capacitors tantalum hana kiʻekiʻe ma ke ʻano he kānana hoʻopuka. Hūnā nā capacitors Tantalum i kahi mākeke o ʻumi piliona ma ka nui a me ke ana, kahi e hana ai i nā manawa hoʻomohala no nā ʻoihana pili.
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā capacitors i nā lako aerospacenā ʻāpana hou aku. Ma muli o kona mau hiʻohiʻona "ho'ōla pono'ī", makemake nui ʻia ka capacitor tantalum e ka mākeke koa, ka capacitor tantalum SMT SMD nui, ka capacitor tantalum hui kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ikehu, hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana capacitor encapsulation shell tantalum, kūpono no ka kaapuni like ʻole nui e hoʻohana ana i ka capacitor tantalum polymer, a pēlā aku, e hoʻokō nui i nā koi o ka mākeke koa.
ʻO ke koi nui no nā capacitors tantalum ua alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nele o ka waihona, e hoʻokele ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke mea maka o luna.
Ua piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai o Tantalum i ka hapa mua o 2020. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ma muli o ka maʻi ahulau coVID-19 i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka mining honua e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ma muli o kekahi mau palena o ka halihali, ua paʻa ka lako holoʻokoʻa. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā capacitors tantalum i nā huahana uila. I ka hapa mua o ka makahiki, ma muli o ka hopena o ke ahulau, ua piʻi ka noi no nā huahana uila, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā capacitors tantalum. ʻOiai ʻo nā capacitors ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka tantalum, 40-50% o ka hana tantalum o ka honua e hoʻohana ʻia ana i nā capacitors tantalum, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke koi no ka tantalum a hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai.
ʻOkika TantalumʻO ia ke alakaʻi o nā huahana capacitor tantalum, ke kaulahao ʻoihana o ka capacitor tantalum i mua o nā mea maka, ka oxidation tantalum a me ka niobium oxide ma ka mākeke Kina e ulu wikiwiki ana, ua hōʻea ka hoʻopuka makahiki 2018 i 590 tons a me 2250 tons, ma waena o 2014 a me 2018 ka ulu ʻana o ka hui makahiki o 20.5% a me 13.6%, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke i ka makahiki 2023 e manaʻo ʻia he 851.9 tons a me 3248.9 tons, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ulu ʻana o ka hui makahiki o 7.6%, e ulu olakino ka wahi ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa.
Ma ke ʻano he papahana hana he ʻumi makahiki mua o ke aupuni Kina e hoʻokō i ke kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻolilo ʻana iā Kina i mana hana, ua hāpai ʻo Made in China 2025 i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ʻelua mau ʻoihana kumu nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻike hanauna hou a me ka ʻoihana mea hou. I waena o lākou, pono e hoʻoikaika ka ʻoihana mea hou e uhaʻi i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea kumu holomua, e like me nā mea hao a me ke kila holomua a me nā mea petrochemical, e pono nui ʻia ana i nā kahua noi koʻikoʻi, kahi e lawe mai ai i nā manawa hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana metallurgy tantalum-niobium.
ʻO ke kaulahao waiwai o ka ʻoihana metallurgy tantalum-Niobium e pili ana i nā mea maka (tantalum ore), nā huahana hydrometallurgical (tantalum oxide, niobium oxide a me potassium fluotantalate), nā huahana pyrometallurgical (tantalum powder a me ka uea tantalum), nā huahana i hana ʻia (tantalum capacitor, etc.), nā huahana terminal a me nā noi downstream (5G base stations, aerospace field, high-end electronic products, etc.). ʻOiai ua hana ʻia nā huahana metallurgical thermal āpau mai nā huahana hydrometallurgical, a hiki ke hoʻohana pololei ʻia nā huahana hydrometallurgical e hana i kahi ʻāpana o nā huahana i hana ʻia a i ʻole nā huahana terminal, he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā huahana hydrometallurgical i ka ʻoihana metallurgical tantalum-niobium.
ʻO ka tantalum-niobium p ma laloManaʻo ʻia e ulu ka mākeke huahana, e like me kahi hōʻike a Zha Consulting. Manaʻo ʻia e piʻi ka hana ʻana o ka pauka tantalum honua mai kahi o 1,456.3 tons i ka makahiki 2018 a i kahi o 1,826.2 tons i ka makahiki 2023. Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, manaʻo ʻia e piʻi ka hana ʻana o ka pauka tantalum metallurgical ma ka mākeke honua mai kahi o 837.1 tons i ka makahiki 2018 a i kahi o 1,126.1 tons i ka makahiki 2023 (ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ulu makahiki hui o kahi o 6.1%). I kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia e piʻi ka hana ʻana o ka pā tantalum o Kina mai kahi o 221.6 tons i ka makahiki 2018 a i kahi o 337.6 tons i ka makahiki 2023 (ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ulu makahiki hui o kahi o 8.8%), e like me kahi hōʻike a Jolson Consulting. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono o kāna mau mea kūʻai aku, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻoihana ma kāna prospectus e hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o 68.8 pakeneka o nā kālā i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana ma hope, e like me ka pauka tantalum a me nā kaola, i mea e hoʻonui ai i kāna waihona mea kūʻai aku, hopu i nā manawa kūpono ʻoihana hou aʻe a hoʻonui i ka māhele mākeke.
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hana ma lalo o ka ʻoihana 5G aia nō i ke kahua mua. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo 5G e ke alapine kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui o ka nui. Ma lalo o ke kumumanaʻo o ka laulā like, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no nā kikowaena kumu ma mua o ka wā kamaʻilio ma mua. ʻO kēia makahiki ka makahiki o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hana 5G. Me ka wikiwiki o ke kūkulu ʻana o 5G, ke piʻi nei ke koi noi no nā huahana uila kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻoikaika ai i ke koi no nā capacitors tantalum e mau ka ikaika.