5G Yatsopano Yothandizira Unyolo wa Makampani a Tantalum
5G ikuwonjezera mphamvu zatsopano pakukula kwachuma ku China, ndipo zomangamanga zatsopano zatsogoleranso kufulumira kwa ntchito yomanga nyumba m'nthawi yochepa.
Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso ku China udavumbulutsa mu Meyi kuti dzikolo likuwonjezera malo atsopano oyambira a 5G opitilira 10,000 pa sabata. Kumangidwa kwa malo oyambira a 5G ku China kwadutsa chiŵerengero cha 200,000 pa mphamvu zonse, ndi mafoni a m'manja a 5G okwana 17.51 miliyoni omwe adatumizidwa mu Juni chaka chino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 61 peresenti ya mafoni omwe amatumizidwa munthawi yomweyi. Monga "choyamba" komanso "maziko" a zomangamanga zatsopano, unyolo wamakampani a 5G mosakayikira udzakhala nkhani yodziwika bwino kwa nthawi yayitali ikubwerayi.
Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha malonda cha 5G, ma capacitor a tantalum ali ndi mwayi waukulu wogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwakunja ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe kambiri, malo oyambira a 5G ayenera kukhala okhazikika kwambiri komanso okhala ndi moyo wautali. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zofunikira zapamwamba pa khalidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida zamagetsi mu malo oyambira. Pakati pawo, ma capacitor ndi zida zamagetsi zofunika kwambiri pa malo oyambira a 5G. Ma capacitor a Tantalum ndi omwe amatsogolera pa capacitor.
Ma capacitor a Tantalum amadziwika ndi voliyumu yaying'ono, ESR yaying'ono, mphamvu yayikulu komanso kulondola kwakukulu. Ma capacitor a Tantalum alinso ndi kutentha kokhazikika, kutentha kwakukulu kogwirira ntchito, ndi zina zotero. Pakadali pano, amatha kudzichiritsa okha atalephera kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yawo ikuyenda bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kudziwa ngati chinthu chamagetsi ndi chinthu chapamwamba kapena ayi.
Ndi ubwino monga kugwira ntchito bwino pafupipafupi, kutentha kwakukulu kogwirira ntchito, kudalirika kwambiri komanso koyenera kuchepetsedwa mphamvu, ma capacitor a tantalum amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo oyambira a 5G omwe amagogomezera "kuchepetsa mphamvu, kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa bandwidth". Chiwerengero cha malo oyambira a 5G ndi kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu kuposa 4G. Pakadali pano, pakukulirakulira kwa ma charger ofulumira a mafoni am'manja, ma capacitor a tantalum akhala ofanana chifukwa cha kutulutsa kokhazikika komanso kutsika kwa voliyumu ndi 75%.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a pafupipafupi ogwirira ntchito, pansi pa mikhalidwe yofanana yogwiritsira ntchito, chiwerengero cha malo oyambira a 5G ndi choposa 4G. Deta malinga ndi unduna wa mafakitale ndi kuwululidwa kwa chidziwitso, potengera chiwerengero cha malo oyambira a 4G mdziko lonse mu 2019 kufika pa 5.44 miliyoni, momwemonso kumanga netiweki ya 5G kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zomwezo, kapena kufunikira malo oyambira a 5g, 1000 ~ 20 miliyoni akuyembekezeka kukula kuyambira pano, ngati mukufuna kufikira anthu onse ku 5G, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa tantalum capacitor, malinga ndi zomwe msika waneneratu, msika wa tantalum capacitor udzafika pa 7.02 biliyoni yuan mu 2020, tsogolo lidzapitirira kukula mwachangu.
Nthawi yomweyo, ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi pang'onopang'ono, luntha lochita kupanga, AI, zida zovalidwa, ma seva amtambo, komanso msika wa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zimatuluka, ndipo kufunikira kwakukulu kudzaperekedwa pa ma capacitor apamwamba, omwe ndi ma capacitor a tantalum. Mwachitsanzo, mitu ya Apple yochapira ma iPhone ndi mapiritsi, imagwiritsa ntchito ma capacitor awiri apamwamba a tantalum ngati zosefera zotulutsa. Ma capacitor a Tantalum amabisa msika wa mabiliyoni khumi mu kuchuluka ndi kukula, zomwe zipanga mwayi wopititsa patsogolo mafakitale ena.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma capacitor amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zida zamlengalenga.zigawo zina. Chifukwa cha "kudzichiritsa" kwake, tantalum capacitor yomwe imakondedwa ndi msika wankhondo, SMT SMD tantalum capacitor yayikulu, tantalum capacitor yosakanikirana yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mphamvu, kudalirika kwakukulu kwa zinthu za tantalum shell encapsulation capacitor, yoyenera kuzungulira kwakukulu kofanana pogwiritsa ntchito polymer tantalum capacitor, ndi zina zotero, imakwaniritsa zofunikira za msika wankhondo.
Kufunika kwakukulu kwa ma capacitor a tantalum kwachititsa kuti kusowa kwa masheya kuchuluke, zomwe zapangitsa kuti msika wa zinthu zopangira zinthu ukhale waukulu.
Mitengo ya Tantalum inakwera mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2020. Kumbali imodzi, chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa coVID-19 kumayambiriro kwa chaka, kuchuluka kwa migodi padziko lonse lapansi sikunali kokwera monga momwe amayembekezera. Kumbali ina, chifukwa cha zovuta zina zoyendera, kupezeka konse kuli kochepa. Kumbali ina, ma capacitor a tantalum amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zamagetsi. Mu theka loyamba la chaka, chifukwa cha mliriwu, kufunikira kwa zinthu zamagetsi kunakwera, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ma capacitor a tantalum achuluke. Popeza ma capacitor ndiye ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya tantalum, 40-50% ya kupanga tantalum padziko lonse lapansi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma capacitor a tantalum, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufunikira kwa tantalum kukwere ndikukweza mtengo.
Tantalum okusayidiKukwera kwa zinthu za tantalum capacitor, unyolo wa mafakitale wa tantalum capacitor kutsogolo kwa zopangira, oxidation tantalum ndi niobium oxide pamsika waku China ikukula mwachangu, 2018 chaka chilichonse chotulutsa chinafika matani 590 ndi matani 2250 motsatana, pakati pa 2014 ndi 2018 pachaka chokulitsa kuchuluka kwa 20.5% ndi 13.6% motsatana, kukula kwa msika mu 2023 kukuyembekezeka kufika matani 851.9 ndi matani 3248.9, motsatana, kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa 7.6%, malo onse ogulitsa akukula bwino.
Monga pulogalamu yoyamba ya zaka khumi ya boma la China yokhazikitsa njira yopangira China kukhala mphamvu yopanga zinthu, yopangidwa mu China 2025 ikupereka lingaliro la chitukuko cha mafakitale awiri oyambira, omwe ndi makampani aukadaulo wazidziwitso wa m'badwo watsopano ndi makampani atsopano azinthu. Pakati pawo, makampani atsopano azinthu ayenera kuyesetsa kudutsa mu gulu la zipangizo zoyambira zapamwamba, monga zipangizo zapamwamba zachitsulo ndi zitsulo ndi zinthu zamafuta, zomwe zimafunikira mwachangu m'magawo ofunikira, zomwe zidzabweretsanso mwayi watsopano wopititsa patsogolo makampani azitsulo a tantalum-niobium.
Unyolo wamtengo wapatali wa makampani opanga zitsulo za tantalum-Niobium umaphatikizapo zinthu zopangira (tantalum ore), zinthu zopangidwa ndi hydrometallurgical (tantalum oxide, niobium oxide ndi potassium fluotantalate), zinthu zopangidwa ndi pyrometallurgical (tantalum powder ndi tantalum wire), zinthu zopangidwa ndi processed (tantalum capacitor, etc.), zinthu zopangidwa ndi terminal ndi ntchito zotsikira pansi (5G base stations, aerospace field, zinthu zamagetsi zapamwamba, etc.). Popeza zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi thermal metallurgic zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi hydrometallurgical, ndipo zinthu zopangidwa ndi hydrometallurgical zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito mwachindunji kupanga gawo la zinthu zopangidwa ndi terminal kapena zinthu zopangidwa ndi terminal, zinthu zopangidwa ndi hydrometallurgical zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mumakampani opanga zitsulo za tantalum-niobium.
Pansi pa mtsinje wa tantalum-niobium pMsika wa zinthu zopangidwa ukuyembekezeka kukula, malinga ndi lipoti la Zha Consulting. Kupanga ufa wa tantalum padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa matani pafupifupi 1,456.3 mu 2018 kufika pa matani pafupifupi 1,826.2 mu 2023. Makamaka, kupanga ufa wa tantalum wopangidwa ndi zitsulo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa matani pafupifupi 837.1 mu 2018 kufika pa matani pafupifupi 1,126.1 mu 2023 (mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa pachaka kwa pafupifupi 6.1%). Pakadali pano, kutulutsa kwa tantalum bar ku China kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa matani pafupifupi 221.6 mu 2018 kufika pa matani pafupifupi 337.6 mu 2023 (kutanthauza, kukula kwa pachaka kwa pafupifupi 8.8%), malinga ndi lipoti la Jolson Consulting. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala ake omwe angakhalepo, kampaniyo inanena m'buku lake kuti pafupifupi 68.8 peresenti ya ndalama zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa kupanga zinthu zina monga ufa wa tantalum ndi mipiringidzo, kuti iwonjezere makasitomala ake, kupeza mwayi wochulukirapo wamabizinesi ndikuwonjezera gawo la msika.
Ntchito yomanga zomangamanga pansi pa makampani a 5G ikadali pagawo loyambirira. 5G imadziwika ndi ma frequency ambiri komanso kuchulukana kwakukulu. Pansi pa mfundo ya kufanana kwa ntchito, kufunikira kwa malo oyambira kuli kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa nthawi yam'mbuyomu yolumikizirana. Chaka chino ndi chaka chomanga zomangamanga za 5G. Chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa ntchito yomanga ya 5G, kufunikira kwa zinthu zamagetsi zapamwamba kukuwonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufunikira kwa ma capacitor a tantalum kukhalebe kolimba.