Ubhubhane omtsha we-coronavirus pneumonia, izixhobo zokukhusela zonyango ezifana neeglavu zerabha zonyango azifumaneki kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha akupheleli nje kwiiglavu zerabha zonyango, irabha kunye ne-US zisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi babantu bemihla ngemihla.
1. Irabha kunye nothutho
Uphuhliso lweshishini lerabha alunakwahlulwa kwishishini leemoto. Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini leemoto ngeminyaka yoo-1960 lwakhokelela ekwandeni okukhawulezileyo kwinqanaba lemveliso yeshishini lerabha. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zophuhliso lweemoto, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamatayara zaqhubeka nokuvela.
Nokuba kukuthuthwa ngolwandle, emhlabeni okanye emoyeni, amatayara ayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yazo zonke iintlobo zothutho. Ke ngoko, nokuba loluphi uhlobo lothutho alunakwahlulwa kwiimveliso zerabha.
2. Imigodi yerabha neyemizi-mveliso
Imigodi, amalahle, i-metallurgy kunye neminye imboni idla ngokusebenzisa iteyiphu yokuncamathelisa ukuthutha iimveliso ezigqityiweyo.
Iiteyiphu, iipayipi, amaphepha erabha, ii-linings zerabha kunye neemveliso zokukhusela abasebenzi zonke ziimveliso zerabha eziqhelekileyo kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso.
3. Irabha kunye nezolimo, amahlathi kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi
Ukususela kwiitrektara kunye namatayara oomatshini bezolimo abahlukeneyo, ii-crawlers ezikwi-combine harvesters, ii-raber boats, ii-life buoys, njl. Ngophuhliso olukhulu loomatshini bezolimo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi emasimini, kuza kufuneka iimveliso zerabha ezingaphezulu nangakumbi.
4. Irabha kunye nokhuselo lomkhosi
Irabha yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zobuchule, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lomkhosi nokhuselo lwesizwe, kwaye irabha inokubonwa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomkhosi.
5. Irabha kunye nolwakhiwo lwezakhiwo
Irabha isetyenziswa kwizinto zokwakha ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje, njengeziponji ezifunxa isandi, iikhaphethi zerabha, kunye nezinto ezingangeni mvula.
6. Unxibelelwano lwerabha kunye nombane
Irabha isebenza kakuhle ekugqumeni ubushushu kwaye ayilula ukuyiqhuba umbane, ngoko ke iingcingo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentambo, iiglavu zokukhusela ubushushu, njl.njl. zenziwe kakhulu ngerabha.
Irabha eqinileyo ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iipayipi zerabha, izinti zeglu, amaphepha zerabha, izinto zokwahlulahlula kunye neegobolondo zebhetri.
7. Irabha kunye nempilo yezonyango
Kwicandelo le-anesthesiology, icandelo le-urology, icandelo lotyando, icandelo lotyando lwesifuba, icandelo le-orthopedics, icandelo le-ENT, icandelo le-radiology, njl.njl., iityhubhu zerabha ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga, utofelo-gazi, ukufakwa kwe-catheter, ukuhlamba isisu, iiglavu zotyando, iingxowa zomkhenkce, imiqamelo yesiponji, njl.njl. Yimveliso yerabha.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, irabha ye-silicone isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iimveliso zonyango. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha ye-silicone ekwenzeni amalungu okwenziwa kunye nezinto ezithatha indawo yezicubu zomntu kuye kwenza inkqubela phambili enkulu. Ikhutshwa kancinci nangokuqhubekayo, ayinakuphucula kuphela isiphumo sokunyanga kodwa ikwakhusela.
8. Irabha nezinto ezifunekayo zemihla ngemihla
Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kukho iimveliso zerabha ezininzi ezisisebenzelayo. Umzekelo, izihlangu zerabha zihlala zinxitywa ngabahlali basezidolophini nasemaphandleni, kwaye zezinye zeemveliso zerabha ezisetyenziswa kakhulu imihla ngemihla. Ezinye ezifana neengubo zemvula, iibhotile zamanzi ashushu, iibhanti ze-elastiki, izinto zokudlala zabantwana, imiqamelo yesiponji, kunye neemveliso ezifakwe kwi-latex zonke zidlala indima yazo kubomi babantu.
Iimpawu ngokubanzi zeemveliso zerabha zorhwebo. Nangona kunjalo, zonke iimveliso zerabha zishiya ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokubai-antimony trisulfideI-antimony trisulfide ecocekileyo yi-amorphous powder etyheli-bomvu, enobunzima obuyi-4.12, iqondo lokunyibilika liyi-550℃, ayinyibiliki emanzini nakwi-acetic acid, iyanyibilika kwi-hydrochloric acid exineneyo, utywala, i-ammonium sulfide kunye nesisombululo se-potassium sulfide. I-antimony sulfide esetyenziswa kushishino icutshungulwa kwi-stibnite ore powder. Yi-powder emnyama okanye engwevu-mnyama ene-metallic luster, ayinyibiliki emanzini, kwaye inamandla okuncitshiswa.
I-antimony trisulfide, njenge-agent evulcanizing kwishishini lerabha, ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwirabha, kwiglasi, kwizixhobo zokungqubana (iibrake pads), nanjengesixhobo sokuthintela ilangatye endaweni ye-antimony oxide.