Cerium Hydroxide
Zvimiro zveCerium Hydroxide
| Nhamba yeCAS | 12014-56-1 |
| Fomura yemakemikari | Ce(OH)4 |
| Chitarisiko | yakasimba yero yakajeka |
| Mamwe macation | lanthanum hydroxide praseodymium hydroxide |
| Mishonga yakafanana | cerium(III) hydroxide cerium dioxide |
Tsanangudzo yeHigh Purity cerium hydroxide
Saizi yeChidimbu (D50) Sezvinodiwa
| Kuchena (（CeO2） | 99.98% |
| TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxides) | 70.53% |
| RE Kusachena Zviri Mukati | ppm | Kusachena kweNon-REEs | ppm |
| La2O3 | 80 | Fe | 10 |
| Pr6O11 | 50 | Ca | 22 |
| Nd2O3 | 10 | Zn | 5 |
| Sm2O3 | 10 | Cl⁻ | 29 |
| Eu2O3 | Nd | S/TREO | 3000.00% |
| Gd2O3 | Nd | NTU | 14.60% |
| Tb4O7 | Nd | Ce⁴⁺/∑Ce | 99.50% |
| Dy2O3 | Nd | ||
| Ho2O3 | Nd | ||
| Er2O3 | Nd | ||
| Tm2O3 | Nd | ||
| Yb2O3 | Nd | ||
| Lu2O3 | Nd | ||
| Y2O3 | 10 | ||
| 【Kurongedza】25KG/bhegi Zvinodiwa: haipindi hunyoro, haina guruva, yakaoma, inofefetedza mweya uye yakachena. | |||
Chii chinoshandiswa neCerium Hydroxide?
Senyanzvi mukutsvaga simbi, ndichasanganisa hunhu hwemakemikari ecerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)₄) kuti nditsanangure mashandisirwo ayo akakosha muminda yetekinoroji yepamusoro uye yemaindasitiri, uye ndoongorora zvakadzama mashandiro ayo:
1. Kuchenesa peturu: Chinowedzera simba rekugadzira mafuta (FCC) catalyst core additive
Basa guru: Semugadziri wezvinhu zvakawanda zvemasefa emamorekuru (akadai seY-type zeolite) mumacatalysts eFCC.
Maitiro ekuita:
Chinogadzirisa kupisa: Ce(OH)₄ inoshandurwa kuita CeO₂ nekugocha, uye inosimbisa zeolite framework aluminum kuburikidza ne "oxygen vacancy buffer effect", ichidzivisa kuputsika kwechimiro pasi pemamiriro ekuvandudzwa kwekupisa kwakanyanya (>700℃).
Chinofambisa simbi: Chinobata simbi dzinorema dzakadai seNi neV mumafuta asina kucheneswa (chichigadzira CeNiO₃/CeV₂O₇), chinodzivirira catalytic dehydrogenation reaction, uye chinoderedza goho recoke/hydrogen.
Mushonga wekutamisa sarufa: Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox cycle inokurudzira kushandurwa kweSOₓ kuita sulfate inodzokororwa, ichideredza kuburitswa kwesarufa negasi rinoyerera (SOₓ → Ce₂(SO₄)₃).
Kukosha kwemaindasitiri: Kuwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu chinopa simba ne15-30%, kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwepeturu ine octane yakawanda, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekugadzirisa.
2. Kuchenesa utsi hwemotokari: chinhu chikuru che catalyst yenzira nhatu (TWC)
Basa guru: Nano CeO₂-ZrO₂ solid solution (CZO) inogadzirwa nekuora kwekupisa ndiyo oxygen storage material (OSC) yeTWC.
Maitiro ekuita:
Kuchengetedza okisijeni nenzira inochinja: Ce⁴⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Ce³⁺ + ½O₂, inoburitsa/inotora okisijeni nekukurumidza mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kusimba/akapfuma, uye inowedzera chiyero chemhepo-mafuta (λ≈1).
Chinotakura simbi inokosha: Nzvimbo yepamusoro chaiyo CeO₂ inovandudza kupararira kwePt/Pd/Rh uye inowedzera oxidation yeCO/HC uye basa rekuderedza NOₓ.
Kugadzikana kwekupisa kwakawedzerwa: Zr⁴⁺ doping inodzivirira CeO₂ sintering (>1000℃) uye inochengetedza hupenyu hweOSC.
Zviratidzo zvekushanda: CZO inoumba 20-30% yeTWC yemazuva ano, zvichiita kuti pave nekuchinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinosvibisa.
3. Kupukuta kwemaziso kwakanyatsojeka: poda yekupukuta yepamusoro-soro
Maitiro epakati: Ce(OH)₄ inogadziriswa calcium uye inoongororwa kuti igadzire upfu hweCeO₂ hunopenya hunoshanda zvikuru.
Maitiro ekuita:
Kukweshana kwemakemikari nemechanical: CeO₂ inosangana neSiO₂ pamusoro pegirazi kuti igadzire mabhondi eCe-O-Si anobviswa zviri nyore, zvichideredza kukuvara kwemechanical.
Kucheka kweNanoscale: Zvidimbu zveCeO₂ zvekristaro imwe chete/spherical (hukuru hwezvidimbu 50-500nm) zvinowana hukasha hwepamusoro hwe sub-angstrom (Ra<0.5nm).
Nzvimbo dzekushandisa:
Semiconductors: Silicon wafers, sapphire substrate, CMP polishing
Mapaneru ekuratidza: LCD/OLED girazi substrates, chifukidziro chekudzivirira
Zvishandiso zvemaziso: Magirazi ekamera, magirazi emuchina we photolithography
4. Girazi rakakosha uye enamel: zvinowedzera kugadzirisa zvinoshanda
Mabasa akakosha:
Mushonga wekucheka UV: Ce⁴⁺ inonyudza zvakasimba munzvimbo ye ultraviolet (200-350nm) kudzivirira zviri mukati (girazi remishonga, kurongedza kwehunyanzvi).
Mushonga wekuisa ruvara/ruvara: Unoshanda neTiO₂ kugadzira mhedzisiro yakafanana nemukaka (enamel); unodzora chiyero cheCe³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ kugadzirisa toni yeyero (Ce³⁺: kubatwa kwechiedza chebhuruu; Ce⁴⁺: kubatwa kwechiedza yeyero).
Girazi rinodzivirira mwaranzi: Ce³⁺ inobata maelektron-hole peya anokonzerwa neX-rays uye inodzivirira kushanduka kweruvara rwegirazi (hwindo rekuona chiteshi chemagetsi chenyukireya).
Zvakanakira zvehunyanzvi: Inotsiva chigadziriso chekare cheAs₂O₃ uye inotevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza.
5. Kugadzira zvinhu zvemaindasitiri: Chinhu chinowedzera kugadzirwa kwestyrene
Maitiro ekushandisa: Kubviswa kwehydrogen mu ethylbenzene kuti igadzire styrene (Fe₂O₃-K₂O-Cr₂O₃ catalyst system).
Maitiro ekuita:
Potassium migration inhibitor: CeO₂ inogadzirisa K⁺ ions kudzivirira kurasikirwa nezvinhu zvinoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya (600°C).
Redox promoter: Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ cycle inokurumidza kugadzikisa catalyst uye inodzivirira carbon deposition (C + 4Ce⁴⁺ → CO₂ + 4Ce³⁺).
Structural stabilizer: Inovandudza Fe₂O₃ phase change tolerance uye inowedzera hupenyu hwe catalyst ka2-3.
Mabhenefiti ehupfumi: Inovandudza kusarudza kwe styrene kusvika pa 92-95% uye inoderedza kushandiswa kwemhepo ne30%.
6. Dziviriro yesimbi yekuora: Inhibitor yengura ine njere
Maitiro matsva:
Kugadzirwa kwefirimu rinozviporesa: Ce³⁺ inosanganiswa neCe(OH)₃/CeO₂ deposition film (ukobvu 50-200nm) munzvimbo ye cathode kudzivirira kupararira kweokisijeni.
Kudzora pH yemuno: OH⁻ inoburitsa zvinhu zvinoderedza acidic corrosion (zvakadai seFe²⁺ → FeOOH).
Anodic passivation: Inogadzira Ce-oxide/hydroxide passivation layer pamusoro peAl/Zn/Mg alloy.
Mamiriro ekushandisa: Aluminum alloy yendege (AA2024), simbi yekuvaka ngarava, zvekuwedzera zvema galvanized sheet coating zvemotokari.
7. Kugadzirisa nharaunda: Mushonga wekurapa mvura unoshanda zvakanyanya
Kushandiswa kwemabasa akawanda:
Chinhu chinobvisa phosphorus: Ce³⁺ uye PO₄³⁻ zvinoumba CePO₄ isinganyungudike (Ksp=10⁻²³), kubvisa phosphorus yakadzika kusvika <0.1mg/L.
Mushonga wekubvisa fluorine: Unogadzira CeF₃ colloid (Ksp=10¹⁶), ine simba rekunyudza re80mg F⁻/g.
Kugadzika kwenuclide ine radioactive: Ine kugona kwakasimba kwekubatanidza UO₂²⁺, TcO₄⁻, nezvimwewo. (Kd>10⁴ mL/g).
Zvakanakira Zviri Mugirini: Hapana zvinhu zvine chepfu, uye huwandu hwetsvina hunongova 1/3 yemunyu wearuminiyamu/munyu wesimbi.
8. Mushonga wepamusoro wekugadzira munyu wecerium
Zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro-kuchena zvinobva pairi:
| Rudzi rwemunyu weCerium | Nzira yekugadzira | Munda wekushandisa |
| Cerium ammonium nitrate | Ce(OH)₄ + HNO₃ + NH₄NO₃ | Oxidation titration analysis reagent |
| Cerium sulfate | Kuoxidation kweCe₂(SO₄)₃ mumagetsi | Oxydant yekugadzira organic |
| Cerium acetate | Kunyungudika kweAcetic acid | Mushonga wejira |
| Nanocerium oxide | Kuora kwekupisa kunodzorwa | Chinogadzirisa, chinonyudza ultraviolet |
Kukosha kwechiito: Redox activity uye kugona kwe cerium kubatanidza
Kukosha kukuru kwecerium hydroxide kunobva pakugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwecerium ([Xe]4f¹5d⁰6s⁰):
- Hunhu hweValence: Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox potential (E⁰=+1.74V) inoita kuti ive "electron shuttle".
- Simba rekugadzira nzvimbo dzisina okisijeni rakaderera: Simba rekugadzira nzvimbo dzisina okisijeni rakaderera muCeO₂ (~2eV) rakaderera zvikuru pane riri muAl₂O₃ (~6eV), izvo zvinoita kuti ikwanise kufamba neokisijeni nenzira inochinja-chinja.
- Asidi yakasimba yeLewis: Ce⁴⁺ ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuchaja (ioni inogona kukwira Z/r=10.3) uye iri nyore kunyudza maanion (PO₄³⁻/F⁻).
> Mafambiro etekinoroji: Nzvimbo yepamusoro ine mesoporous Ce(OH)₄ (>200m²/g), atomic-level doping (La/Sm/Gd), uye dhizaini yechimiro che core-shell zviri kutungamira kukura kwechizvarwa chitsva che catalysis yezvakatipoteredza uye zvinhu zvine simba.
