Cerium Hydroxide

Njirimara Cerium Hydroxide

Nkọwapụta Cerium hydroxide Dị Ọcha Dị Elu

Nha Ngwugwu (D50) Dịka Ihe A Chọrọ

Gịnị ka a na-eji Cerium Hydroxide eme?

Dịka ọkachamara n'inyocha ihe mejupụtara ígwè, m ga-ejikọta ihe ndị dị na kemịkalụ nke cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)₄) iji kọwaa ojiji ya dị mkpa n'ọhịa teknụzụ dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ma nyochaa usoro ọrụ ya nke ọma: 

1. Nchacha mmanụ: Ihe mgbakwunye isi ihe na-eme ka catalytic cracking (FCC) dị nro
Ọrụ dị mkpa: Dịka ihe na-agbanwe ọtụtụ ihe nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke molekul sie (dịka ụdị Y zeolite) na ihe ndị na-eme ka FCC na-akpali.
Usoro ihe omume:
Ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike: A na-agbanwe Ce(OH)₄ ka ọ bụrụ CeO₂ site na ịcha ọkụ, ma na-eme ka usoro zeolite aluminom dị n'ime ya sie ike site na "mmetụta nchekwa oghere oxygen", na-egbochi mbibi nhazi n'okpuru ọnọdụ mmeghari okpomọkụ dị elu (>700℃).
Ihe na-eme ka ígwè dị arọ: Ọ na-ejide ọla dị arọ dịka Ni na V n'ime mmanụ nkịtị (nke na-emepụta CeNiO₃/CeV₂O₇), na-egbochi mmeghachi omume nke catalytic dehydrogenation ya, ma na-ebelata mmepụta coke/hydrogen.
Ihe na-eme ka sọlfọ na-ebufe: Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox cycle na-akwalite mgbanwe nke SOₓ ka ọ bụrụ sọlfọ a na-emegharị emegharị, na-ebelata mwepụta sọlfọ gas flue (SOₓ → Ce₂(SO₄)₃).
Uru ụlọ ọrụ: Mee ka ndụ ihe mkpali dịkwuo elu site na 15-30%, mee ka mmepụta nke mmanụ ụgbọala dị elu nke nwere octane dịkwuo elu, ma belata oriri ike mmeghari ohuru.

2. Ịsachapụ ihe mkpofu ụgbọala: isi ihe dị na ihe mkpali ụzọ atọ (TWC)
Isi ọrụ: Nano CeO₂-ZrO₂ solution siri ike (CZO) nke a na-emepụta site na mmebi okpomọkụ bụ ihe nchekwa oxygen (OSC) nke TWC.
Usoro ọrụ:
Ntinye oxygen dị ike: Ce⁴⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Ce³⁺ + ½O₂, wepụta/nara oxygen ngwa ngwa n'ọnọdụ dị nro/bara ụba, ma gbasaa windo nha ikuku-mmanụ (λ≈1).
Ihe na-ebu mgbasa ígwè dị oké ọnụ ahịa: Ebe dị elu nke CeO₂ na-eme ka mgbasa Pt/Pd/Rh ka mma ma na-eme ka ọrụ oxidation CO/HC na mbelata NOₓ dịkwuo mma.
Nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ ka mma: Zr⁴⁺ doping na-egbochi CeO₂ sintering (>1000℃) ma na-eme ka OSC dị ndụ.
Ihe ngosi arụmọrụ: CZO na-eme 20-30% nke TWC nke oge a, na-enweta ọnụego mgbanwe ihe ruru 99% nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ.

3. Nchacha anya nke ọma: ihe na-eme ka ntụ ntụ dị elu dị elu
Isi usoro: A na-etinye Ce(OH)₄ ma tinye ya n'ọkwa iji kwadebe ntụ ntụ CeO₂ nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Usoro ihe omume:
Nchacha kemịkalụ na igwe: CeO₂ na-emeghachi omume na SiO₂ n'elu iko iji mepụta njikọ Ce-O-Si nke a na-ewepụ ngwa ngwa, na-ebelata mmebi igwe.
Mkpụcha Nanoscale: Otu mkpụrụ nke kristal/agba gburugburu CeO₂ (nha mkpụrụ nke 50-500nm) na-enweta oke iru ala dị n'okpuru angstrom (Ra<0.5nm).
Ebe ngwa:
Ndị na-eme semiconductors: Wafers silicon, sapphire substrate, CMP polishing
Ogwe ngosi: Ihe mkpuchi iko LCD/OLED, mkpuchi nchebe
Ngwaọrụ anya: Anya igwefoto, anya igwe fotolithography

4. Iko pụrụ iche na enamel: ihe mgbakwunye mgbanwe ọrụ
Ọrụ dị mkpa:
Ihe na-eme ka UV ghara ịdị mma: Ce⁴⁺ na-amịkọrọ nke ọma na mpaghara ultraviolet (200-350nm) iji chebe ihe dị n'ime ya (iko ọgwụ, nkwakọ ngwaahịa nka).
Ihe na-eme ka onyinyo dị ọcha/agba agba: Na-arụ ọrụ na TiO₂ iji mepụta mmetụta mmiri ara ehi (enamel); na-achịkwa oke nke Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ iji gbanwee ụda odo odo (Ce³⁺: nnabata ìhè anụnụ anụnụ; Ce⁴⁺: nnabata ìhè odo odo).
Iko na-anaghị eguzogide radieshọn: Ce³⁺ na-ejide oghere elektrọn nke X-ray mepụtara ma na-egbochi mgbanwe agba nke iko (window nlele nke ụlọ ọrụ ike nuklia).
Uru teknụzụ: Na-anọchi As₂O₃ omenala ma na-agbaso iwu gburugburu ebe obibi.

5. Mmepụta ihe na-eme ka mmepụta ihe dịkwuo mma: ihe na-eme ka mmepụta ihe na-eme ka Styrene dịkwuo mma
Usoro ojiji: Ethylbenzene dehydrogenation iji mepụta styrene (Fe₂O₃-K₂O-Cr₂O₃ sistemụ ihe mkpali).
Usoro ihe omume:
Ihe na-egbochi mbugharị potassium: CeO₂ na-edozi ion K⁺ iji gbochie mfu nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na oke okpomọkụ (600°C).
Onye na-akwalite Redox: Okirikiri Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ na-eme ka mmụba nke ihe mkpali dịkwuo ngwa ngwa ma na-egbochi itinye carbon (C + 4Ce⁴⁺ → CO₂ + 4Ce³⁺).
Ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike: Na-eme ka nnabata mgbanwe nke usoro Fe₂O₃ ka mma ma na-agbatị ndụ ihe mkpali site na ugboro 2-3.
Uru akụ na ụba: Na-eme ka nhọrọ styrene dịkwuo mma ruo 92-95% ma na-ebelata oriri uzuoku site na 30%.

6. Nchedo nchara ígwè: Ihe mgbochi nchara nwere ọgụgụ isi
Usoro ọhụrụ:
Nhazi ihe nkiri na-agwọ onwe ya: A na-eme ka ihe nkiri Ce³⁺ dị ka ihe nkiri Ce(OH)₃/CeO₂ (ọkpụrụkpụ 50-200nm) dị na mpaghara katod iji gbochie mgbasa oxygen.
Iwu pH mpaghara: OH⁻ na-ewepụta ngwaahịa mmebi acidic (dịka Fe²⁺ → FeOOH).
Njehie Anodic: Na-emepụta oyi akwa passivation Ce-oxide/hydroxide n'elu Al/Zn/Mg alloy.
Ihe atụ nke ngwa: Aluminom alloy nke ụgbọelu (AA2024), ígwè e ji arụ ụgbọ mmiri, ihe mgbakwunye mkpuchi mpempe akwụkwọ galvanized nke ụgbọala.

7. Mmezi gburugburu ebe obibi: Ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị mma nke ukwuu
Ngwa ọrụ dị iche iche:
Ihe na-ewepụ phosphorus: Ce³⁺ na PO₄³⁻ na-emepụta CePO₄ na-anaghị agbaze (Ksp=10⁻²³), mwepụ phosphorus miri emi ruo <0.1mg/L.
Ihe na-ewepụ fluorine: Na-emepụta CeF₃ colloid (Ksp=10¹⁶), nke nwere ikike ịmịnye ihe nke 80mg F⁻/g.
Ndozi nuklide redioaktivu: Nwere ike nhazi siri ike maka UO₂²⁺, TcO₄⁻, wdg. (Kd>10⁴ mL/g).
Uru Akwụkwọ Ndụ: Enweghị ihe ndị na-egbu egbu, ọnụọgụ nke ihe mkpofu ahụ bụ naanị 1/3 nke nnu aluminom/nnu ígwè.

8. Ihe na-ebute ụzọ mmepụta nnu cerium dị elu
Ngwaahịa ndị sitere na ihe dị ọcha dị elu: