Upfu hweBoron
| Boron | |
| Chitarisiko | Dema-brown |
| Chikamu paSTP | Yakasimba |
| Nzvimbo yekunyunguduka | 2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F) |
| Pokufashaira | 4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F) |
| Kuwanda kwemvura (pa mp) | 2.08 g/cm3 |
| Kupisa kwekubatana | 50.2 kJ/mol |
| Kupisa kwekupisa kwemhepo | 508 kJ/mol |
| Kukwanisa kupisa kwemamolar | 11.087 J/(mol·K) |
Tsanangudzo yeBhizinesi yeBoron Powder
| Zita rechigadzirwa | Chikamu cheMakemikari | Avhareji yeSaizi yeChidimbu | Chitarisiko | ||||||
| Upfu hweBoron | Nano Boron ≥99.9% | Okisijeni Yese ≤100ppm | Metal Ion(Fe/Zn/Al/Cu/Mg/Cr/Ni) / | D50 50~80nm | Upfu hutema | ||||
| Upfu hweCrystal Boron | Boron Crystal ≥99% | Mg≤3% | Fe≤0.12% | Al≤1% | Ca≤0.08% | Si ≤0.05% | Cu ≤0.001% | -300 mesh | Upfu hwebrown hwakareruka kusvika kugrey rakasviba |
| Upfu hweAmorphous Element Boron | Boron Isina Kristaro ≥95% | Mg≤3% | Mvura Inonyunguduka Boron ≤0.6% | Zvinhu Zvisinganyunguduke Mumvura ≤0.5% | Mvura uye Zvinhu Zvinochinja-chinja ≤0.45% | Saizi yakajairika 1 micron, imwe saizi inowanikwa kana ukaikumbira. | Upfu hwebrown hwakareruka kusvika kugrey rakasviba | ||
Pakeji: Bhegi reAluminium Foil
Kuchengetwa: Kuchengetedzwa pasi pekuomeswa kwakavharwa uye kuchengetwa kwakaparadzaniswa nemamwe makemikari.
Ndezvipi chaizvo zvinoshandiswa neCrystalline Boron?
I. Indasitiri yeNyukireya
-Inoshanda sechishandiso chekutonga neutron reaction munuclear reactors kudzora neutron velocity uye kuchengetedza mashandiro akasimba ereactor.
-Inoshandisa kugona kwakanyanya kwe crystalline boron kunyudza neutron kuti ideredze kana kugadzirisa neutron flux zvinobudirira, ichivimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwemasisitimu esimba renyukireya.
II. Mashandisirwo eSemiconductor
-P-type Dopant
Sechikamu cheGroup III, crystalline boron inoisa mazinga ekugamuchira musilicon uye inoshanda sechikamu chikuru chekugadzira maP-type semiconductors. Kuburikidza nekuisa maion kana kupararira, kudzora kwakaringana kwehuwandu hwedoping kunogonesa kuumbwa kweP-type wells kana substrates mumidziyo inosanganisira madiodes, mafield-effect transistors (FETs), uye insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
-Kugadzirwa kweP-type Monocrystalline Silicon
Munguva yekukura kwe monocrystalline silicon kuburikidza nenzira yeCzochralski (CZ) kana Float Zone (FZ), huwandu hushoma hwe high-purity crystalline boron hunowedzerwa kune high-purity polycrystalline silicon melt. Zvichishandisa mhedzisiro yekuparadzanisa kwe boron mu silicon, makristaro eP-type silicon single ane resistivity inodzorwa anowanikwa. Makristaro akadaro anoshanda sezvinhu zve substrate zvemidziyo yakasiyana, macircuits akabatanidzwa e analog, uye zvishandiso zve power semiconductor.
-Manyuko ekushandisa Boron-doped Silicon Single Crystals
Senzvimbo yakachena yeboron, crystalline boron inogona kushandiswa kugadzira silicon single crystals ine huwandu hwakatarwa hweboron kuburikidza nekunyungudutsa pamwe chete. Kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeboron (semuenzaniso, borane, boron tribromide), crystalline boron inopa kugadzikana kwakanyanya uye kufanana kwedoping, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera zvinodiwa zve substrate zvakagadzirwa mumidziyo ye semiconductor inoshanda zvakanyanya senge detectors uye high-voltage power chips.
-Zvinodiwa zveKuchena
Kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mapurofayi edoping akarurama uye kuti michina yacho yakura, crystalline boron inofanira kusangana nekuchena kwe semiconductor (kazhinji ≥99.9999%, kureva, 6N kana kupfuura). Kusvibiswa kwesimbi (semuenzaniso, Fe, Cu, Na) kunofanirwa kudzorwa padanho reppb, nemiganhu yakasimba pakusvibiswa kwechiedza senge kabhoni neokisijeni. Kufanana neN-type dopants dzinosanganisira phosphorus, antimony, uye arsenic, crystalline boron uye nzvimbo yayo yekubatana nesilicon inofanira kubatwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akachena zvakanyanya.
III. Optics
-Inoshandisa hunhu hwayo hunoshamisa hwe optical nonlinear kuti iite mabasa anosanganisira light modulation, frequency sweeping, uye frequency doubled.
-Inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvishandiso zve optical zvakaita se optical modulators, optical frequency combs, uye lasers.
-Inoshanda senzvimbo yekuwana ma infrared lasers, ine chikamu chikuru chekubuda kwemhepo uye nzvimbo yakakura yekuwedzera kupenya kwechiedza.
IV. Zvinhu Zvakanyanya Kuoma
-Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweboron carbide (B₄C), chinhu chakaoma kwazvo checeramic chine simba rekudzivirira kupfekwa uye kugadzikana pakupisa kwakanyanya, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumavesti asingapindi mabara, maturusi akaomarara, zvinogumbura, uye zviumbwa zveceramic zvisingapfekwi.
-Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwegraphite boron compounds (B₉), dzine chimiro chakaita segirafiti, kufambisa magetsi kwakakwirira, uye kugadzikana kwekupisa, dzakakodzera mabhindi ekufambisa magetsi anoshanda zvakanyanya, zvinhu zvekutarisira kupisa, uye zvinhu zvekukweshana.
V. Masoja neNdege
-Zvinhu zvesimbi zvinodzivirira bhora resimbi zvine hunyoro hwakanyanya
-Zvinokonzera boron kuchena kwakanyanya
-Vashandi vekugadzira boron welding vane kuchena kwakanyanya
-Zviputi zveboron zvine hutsanana hwakanyanya
-Zvipfukuto zveroketi zvine boron yakawanda yakachena uye ine mafuta akawanda / oxygen yakawanda
VI. Alloys & Metallurgy
-Alloys dzeBoron-mhangura dzakachena zvakanyanya
-High-kuchena boron-titanium alloys
-Yakagadzirwa nepolycrystalline diamond ine boron yakawanda yakachena
-Zvishandiso zvinodzivirira kupfeka zvakasimba uye zvakachena zvakanyanya zve boron
-Mahwendefa esimbi anodzivirira ngura ane boron akakwirira
-Zvishandiso zve boron-nickel zvine kuchena kwakanyanya
-Zvishandiso zve boron-chromium zvine kuchena kwakanyanya
-Lithium-boron alloys (yezvinhu zvebhatiri zvechizvarwa chinotevera)
-Boron-magnesium superconducting alloys
VII. Kuputira Pamusoro (Zvinhu zveNanopowder)
-Zvinhu zveupfu zve boron nano-coating zvakachena zvakanyanya zvinoiswa pamusoro pe substrate kuburikidza nekusputtering, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvive neunhu hunotevera:
o Kudzivirira kupfeka
Kudzivirira ngura
o Kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya
oKuramba kuoxidation
oKuramba kukwegura
-Inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvemainjini emuchadenga nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakaoma (semuenzaniso, optoelectronic, magnetic properties).
Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zveAmorphous Boron?
I. Mafuta nePropellants Ane Simba Rakawanda
1. Zvishandiso zveRocket Propellants:Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera simba rekuwedzera kupisa uye kupinza kwakananga, yakakodzera kushandiswa kwezvombo zvehondo uye masisitimu ekusimudzira ndege.
2. Mafuta Ane Simba Rakawanda Emaroketi Nemakombora:Inoshandiswa mukugadzira makemikari eborane (semuenzaniso, diborane, decaborane) sezvinhu zvakakosha zvemafuta emvura kana akasimba ane simba rakawanda.
II. Indasitiri yeNyukireya
1. Zvinhu Zvinoshandiswa paKutora Neutron:Kushandisa chikamu cheBoron-10 (¹⁰B) chinobatwa nemafuta akawanda anodziya, chinoshandiswa mumidziyo yekudzora maatomu enyukireya, masisitimu ekudzima emergency, uye ma layers ekudzivirira manyuturoni.
2. Zviverengero zveNeutron:Yakaputirwa pamadziro emukati mezvishandiso zvekuongorora manyuturoni ekupisa uye kuongorora simba.
3. Kugadzirwa kweSimbi yeBoron:Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera boron pakunyungudutsa simbi dzemhando yepamusoro (simbi yeboron) dzezvinhu zvekuvaka zvereactor uye zvikamu zvekudzivirira neutron.
III. Uinjiniya hweMagetsi neMagetsi
1.Ignitor Electrodes yeIgnitrons:Mushure mekugadziriswa kwecarbonization pa2300℃, inoshandiswa se cathode zvinhu zvekupisa zvine mwero wekupisa wakaderera uye resistance yakakura yekubvisa.
2.Zvishandiso Zvisina Kunaka zveMakathode Anoshanda Zvakanyanya: Inoshandiswa kugadzira lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆), cathode inochengetedza thermionic yakasimba uye inogara kwenguva refu inoshandiswa muma electron microscopes nemachubhu e microwave ane simba guru.
IV. Kugadzira Simbi uye Zvinhu
1. Kunyungudutsa Simbi Yechigadzirwa Chakakosha:Kuwedzera kwetrace boron kunovandudza zvakanyanya kuomarara, simba rekupisa kwakanyanya, uye kuramba kupiswa nemwaranzi kwesimbi neutron.
2. Muchina wekubvisa gasi wemhangura yakanyungudutswa:Inobvisa okisijeni nemamwe magasi akanyungudutswa kubva mumhangura yakanyungudutswa kuti iwedzere kufambiswa kwemhepo uye kuwanda kwayo.
3. Zvinhu Zvakasimbiswa neBoron Fiber:Inoshandiswa sechinhu chikuru chekugadzira boron fibers muzvinhu zvinosanganisa mhepo uye michina yemitambo inoshanda zvakanyanya.
V. Zvinokonzera uye Kugadzira Makemikari
1. Zvinokonzera Kugadzirwa Kwezvinhu Zvakagadzirwa Nezvisikwa:Inoshandiswa mukusarudza hydrogenation, kubvisa hydrogenation, uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekuvandudza goho uye kusarudza.
2. Zvishandiso zveCeramic Industry:Kurudzira kupisa kwepasi uye kuwedzera simba rezvinhu zvesimbi zve boride (semuenzaniso, TiB₂, ZrB₂).
3. Kugadzirwa kweMakomputa eBoron Akachena Zvikuru:Inoshandiswa senzvimbo yeboron kugadzira boric acid ine purity yakawanda, sodium borohydride, boron nitride, nemamwe makemikari akanaka.
4. Kugadzirira kweHigh-Purity Boron Halides:Inoshandiswa kugadzira BBr₃, BCl₃, nezvimwewo, sezvinhu zvinoparadzira ma semiconductor uye optical fiber dopants.
VI. Masisitimu ekuchengetedza mota
-Airbag Initiators: Inoshandiswa sechikamu chezvinhu zvinogadzira gasi; painobonderana, inopisa nekukurumidza kugadzira nitrogen ine simba rakawanda uye kuputira airbag.
VII. Indasitiri yeMafireworks nePyrotechnics
-Zvishandiso Zvinoshandisa Migumisiro yePyrotechnic: Zvinogadzira marimi egirini uye marasha akajeka kana zvapiswa, zvichishandiswa muzvipfungaidzo zvemoto, masaini emoto, uye zvipfungaidzo zvinovheneka zvemauto.
VIII. Minda yeMishonga neBiological
-Mishonga yepakati: Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemishonga ine boron (semuenzaniso, boronophenylalanine) yeBoron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), kana senzvimbo dzinoshandiswa pakurapa mabhakitiriya.
