Thulium Oxide
Thulium OxideKadarorin
| Mai kama da haka | thulium (III) oxide, thulium sesquioxide |
| Lambar Kuɗi | 12036-44-1 |
| Tsarin sinadarai | Tm2O3 |
| Molar nauyi | 385.866g/mol |
| Bayyanar | lu'ulu'u masu launin kore-fari |
| Yawan yawa | 8.6g/cm3 |
| Wurin narkewa | 2,341°C(4,246°F;2,614K) |
| Wurin tafasa | 3,945°C(7,133°F;4,218K) |
| Narkewa a cikin ruwa | ɗan narkewa a cikin acid |
| Mai sauƙin jurewa ta hanyar maganadisu(χ) | +51,444·10−6cm3/mol |
Tsarkakakken TsarkakaThulium OxideƘayyadewa
| Girman Barbashi (D50) | 2.99 μm |
| Tsarki (Tm2O3) | ≧99.99% |
| TREO (TotalRareEarthOxides) | ≧99.5% |
| Abubuwan da ke cikin REImpurities | ppm | Rashin tsaftar muhalli | ppm |
| La2O3 | 2 | Fe2O3 | 22 |
| Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa2 | <1 | SiO2 | 25 |
| Pr6O11 | <1 | CaO | 37 |
| Nd2O3 | 2 | PbO | Nd |
| Sm2O3 | <1 | CL¯ | 860 |
| Eu2O3 | <1 | LOI | 0.56% |
| Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| Er2O3 | 9 | ||
| Yb2O3 | 51 | ||
| Lu2O3 | 2 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Marufi】 25KG/jaka Bukatun: mai hana danshi, ba ya ƙura, busasshe, yana sanya iska ta shiga kuma yana da tsafta.
Menene ake amfani da foda Thulium(III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃) don?
Thulium (III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃)Foda wani sinadari ne mai tsarki wanda ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, wanda aka girmama shi saboda kebantaccen sifofinsa na photonic, nuclear, da catalytic. A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin sinadarorin lanthanide mafi ƙarancin inganci, yana ba da damar fasahar zamani a fannoni daban-daban:
1. Injiniyan Photonics da Na'urar Nuni
- Sadarwar Fiber Optic:
✓ Erbium-Thulium Co-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDTFAs)**: Yana da mahimmanci don faɗaɗa C-band (1530–1565 nm) zuwa L-band (1565–1625 nm) a cikin tsarin DWDM, yana haɓaka ƙarfin sadarwa mai ɗorewa.
✓ Nanoparticles Masu Canzawa: Zaruruwan ZBLAN (ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF) waɗanda aka yi wa Tm³⁺ don canza haske kusa da infrared-zuwa-ganuwa a cikin bioimaging da sanyaya laser.
- Lasers masu ƙarfi:
✓ Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin na'urorin laser masu tsawon rai na ~2 µm (Tm:YAG, Tm:YLF) don:
- Aikace-aikacen likita (tiyatar da aka taimaka wa lidar, cire duwatsun koda)
- Faɗakar da yanayi (gano tururin ruwa ta hanyar lidar sha daban-daban)
2. Tsarin Kayan Aiki Mai Ci Gaba
- Injiniyan Yumbu:
✓ Ana amfani da shi don zirconia mai tsayayye na yttria (YSZ) don haɓaka taurin karyewa a cikin rufin shinge na zafi (injinan jet, injinan iskar gas).
✓ Mai daidaita tukwane masu ƙarfi na dielectric don na'urorin capacitors masu layi da yawa da na'urorin MEMS.
- Gilashin Musamman:
✓ Yana gyara ma'aunin haske a cikin gilashin chalcogenide don na'urorin hangen nesa na tsakiyar IR (3-5 µm).
✓ Yana ƙara taurin radiation a cikin gilashin scintillator don na'urorin gano ƙwayoyin cuta.
3. Fasahar Nukiliya
- Shan sinadarin Neutron:
✓ Babban sashin kama neutron mai zafi (σ = rumbunan ajiya 105) yana ba da damar amfani da shi a cikin:
- Sandunan sarrafawa don masu samar da ruwa mai matsin lamba (PWRs)
- Haɗaɗɗun kariyar radiation (Tm₂O₃-B₄C-epoxy hybrids)
- Samar da Radiotope:
✓ Mai gabatarwa don kunna neutron ¹⁷⁰Tm (t₁/₂ = kwanaki 128.6), wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin:
- Ƙananan hanyoyin X-ray don ɗaukar hoton radiography na likita/masana'antu
- Ka'idojin daidaitawa don gamma spectroscopy
4. Fasahar Halittu
- Nanostructured Biosensors:
✓ Nanoparticles na Tm₂O₃@SiO₂ don:
- taswirar yanayin ƙwayoyin cuta masu amsawa ga pH
- Gano alamun biomarkers masu haske mai haske (rage hasken autofluorescence)
- Inganta Maganin Radiation:
✓ Nanoscintillators masu sha'awar X-ray don maganin photodynamic na nama mai zurfi (PDT) tare da daidaiton ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta.
5. Aikace-aikacen Kwatantawa da Lantarki
- Ƙwaƙwalwar Kwatancen:
✓ Lu'ulu'u masu amfani da Tm³⁺ (misali, Tm:YGG) don ajiyar kwantum mai gani ta hanyar ka'idojin tsefe mitar atomic.
- Katalin Halitta:
✓ Yana haɓaka iskar shaka ta methane a cikin tsarin ƙonewa na sinadarai (CLC).
✓ Ingantaccen aiki a cikin hydrogenation na CO₂ zuwa methanol ta hanyar Tm₂O₃/CeO₂ nanocomposites.
6. Yankunan da ke Tasowa
- Ajiyar Bayanai Mai Yawan Girma:
✓ Fina-finai masu siriri na Tm₂O₃ don ƙirƙirar bayanan gani na 5D (yawan polarization/wavelength).
- Fasaha ta Sararin Samaniya:
✓ Rufin da ke jure wa hasken rana don na'urorin lantarki na tauraron dan adam (Tm₂O₃-Al₂O₃ nanolaminates).
Muhimman Kadarorin da ke Haɓaka Sabbin Kayayyaki:
- Canjin lantarki na musamman na 4f-4f (fitar da iskar gas ta 450–800 nm)
- Kwanciyar hankali har zuwa 2300°C (a cikin yanayin da ba shi da hayaniya)
- Ana iya amfani da halayen paramagnetic a cikin na'urorin spintronic
Lura da Tsaro: Yana buƙatar sarrafa akwatin safar hannu don foda nanoscale; Tm na halitta ba ya haifar da rediyo, amma siffofin da aka kunna ta hanyar neutron suna buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin NRC.
Wannan kayan aiki na zamani yana haɗa fasahar gani da ido ta gargajiya da fasahar kwantum, tare da ƙaruwar buƙata a cikin sadarwa ta zamani, tsarin makamashi mai tsabta, da kuma maganin daidaito. Binciken da ake ci gaba da yi yana bincika rawar da yake takawa a cikin abubuwan hana ruwa da sanyaya yanayi mai ƙarfi.
