Thulium Oxide
Thulium OxideGuryaha
| Isku micne | thulium (III) oxide, thulium sesquioxide |
| Lambarka Lambarka | 12036-44-1 |
| Qaacidada kiimikada | Tm2O3 |
| Cufka gawska | 385.866g/mol |
| Muuqaalka | kiristaal cagaaran-cad |
| Cufnaanta | 8.6g/cm3 |
| Barta dhalaalaysa | 2,341°C(4,246°F;2,614K) |
| Barta karkarinta | 3,945°C(7,133°F;4,218K) |
| Milmida biyaha | xoogaa ku milma asiidhyada |
| Nuglaanta birlabta (χ) | +51,444·10−6cm3/mol |
Daahirnimo SareThulium OxideFaahfaahinta
| Cabbirka Walxaha (D50) | 2.99 μm |
| Daacadnimo (Tm2O3) | ≧99.99% |
| TREO (Wadarta Oxides-ka Dhulka ee Rare) | ≧99.5% |
| Waxyaabaha ku jira REImpurities | ppm | Nadaafad aan ahayn REES | ppm |
| La2O3 | 2 | Fe2O3 | 22 |
| Madaxa Fulinta2 | <1 | SiO22 | 25 |
| Pr6O11 | <1 | CaO | 37 |
| Nd2O3 | 2 | PbO | Nd |
| Sm2O3 | <1 | CL¯ | 860 |
| Eu2O3 | <1 | LOI | 0.56% |
| Gd2O3 | <1 | ||
| Tb4O7 | <1 | ||
| Dy2O3 | <1 | ||
| Ho2O3 | <1 | ||
| Er2O3 | 9 | ||
| Yb2O3 | 51 | ||
| Lu2O3 | 2 | ||
| Y2O3 | <1 |
【Baakad】 25KG/bacda Shuruudaha: qoyaanka u adkaysta, aan boodh lahayn, qalalan, hawo-qaadis iyo nadiif.
Waa maxay budada Thulium(III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃) loo isticmaalo?
Thulium(III) Oxide (Tm₂O₃)Budadu waa isku-dhis ciid naadir ah oo saafi ah oo qiimo badan leh oo loogu talagalay sifooyinka gaarka ah ee photonic, nukliyeer, iyo catalytic. Maadaama ay tahay mid ka mid ah oksaydhyada lanthanide ee ugu yar, waxay suurtogal ka dhigaysaa teknoolojiyada casriga ah ee qaybaha kala duwan:
1. Injineerinka Sawirka iyo Sawirka
- Isgaarsiinta Fiber Optic:
✓ Erbium-Thulium Co-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDTFAs)**: Muhiim u ah fidinta C-band (1530–1565 nm) ilaa L-band (1565–1625 nm) ee nidaamyada DWDM, taasoo kor u qaadaysa awoodda isgaarsiinta ee masaafada dheer.
✓ Nanoparticles-ka Kor u Qaadista: Faybarrada ZBLAN (ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF) ee Tm³⁺-doped si loogu beddelo iftiinka ku dhow infrared-ilaa-muuqaalka ee sawir-qaadista bioimaging iyo qaboojinta laysarka.
- Laser-yada Adag:
✓ Si firfircoon ayaa loogu isticmaalaa laysarka hirarka ~2 µm (Tm:YAG, Tm:YLF) ee:
- Codsiyada caafimaadka (qalliin lagu caawiyo lidar, jarista dhagaxa kelyaha)
- Dareen-celinta jawiga (ogaanshaha uumiga biyaha iyada oo loo marayo lidar nuugista kala duwan)
2. Isku-darka Agabka Sare
- Injineernimada Dhoobada:
✓ Ku-darka zirconia-ka yttria-stabilized (YSZ) si kor loogu qaado adkaanta jabka ee dahaarka caqabadaha kulaylka (matoorada jet-ka, marawaxadaha gaaska).
✓ Xasiliye ku jira dhoobada dielectric-ka sare ee k ee loogu talagalay qalabka capacitors-ka lakabka badan leh iyo aaladaha MEMS.
- Muraayadaha Gaarka ah:
✓ Waxay wax ka beddeshaa tusmada iftiinka ee muraayadaha chalcogenide ee muraayadaha indhaha ee dhexdhexaadka ah (3-5 µm).
✓ Waxay xoojisaa adkaanta shucaaca ee muraayadaha wax lagu shido ee loogu talagalay qalabka lagu ogaado fiisigiska walxaha.
3. Tiknoolajiyadda Nukliyeerka
- Nuugista Niyuutaroonka:
✓ Qaybta qabashada neutron-ka ee kulaylka sare leh (σ = 105 bakhaar) waxay suurtogal ka dhigaysaa in loo isticmaalo:
- Ulaha xakamaynta ee fal-galayaasha biyaha ee cadaadiska lagu saaray (PWRs)
- Isku-dhafka difaaca shucaaca (Tm₂O₃-B₄C-isku-dhafka epoxy)
- Soo saarista Raadiyaha:
✓ Horudhac loogu talagalay ¹⁷⁰Tm-ka firfircoon ee neutron-ka (t₁/₂ = 128.6 maalmood), oo loo isticmaalo:
- Ilo X-ray ah oo kooban oo loogu talagalay raajada caafimaadka/warshadaha la qaadi karo
- Heerarka kala-hagaajinta ee gamma spectroscopy
4. Tiknoolajiyada Bayomedical
- Dareemayaasha Bayoolojiga ee Nanostructured:
✓ Nanoparticles-ka qolofta dhexe ee Tm₂O₃@SiO₂ ee:
- khariidaynta deegaanka unugyada ee ka jawaaba pH-ka
- Ogaanshaha iftiinka waqtiga-gaaban ee biomarkers (yaraynta iftiinka otomaatiga ah)
- Horumarinta Daawaynta Shucaaca:
✓ Nanoscintillator-yada ku shaqeeya raajada X-ray ee loogu talagalay daaweynta sawir-qaadista unugyada qoto dheer (PDT) oo leh saxnaanta unugyada hoose.
5. Codsiyada Quantum & Elektarooniga ah
- Xusuusta Quantum:
✓ Kiristarrada Tm³⁺-lagu darey (tusaale ahaan, Tm:YGG) ee kaydinta kuntum-ka indhaha iyada oo loo marayo borotokoollada shanlada soo noqnoqoshada atomiga.
- Katalis:
✓ Waxay kor u qaaddaa oksaydhka qayb ahaan methane ee nidaamyada gubashada wareegga kiimikada (CLC).
✓ Hawlo la xoojiyay oo ku jira haaydrojiinaynta CO₂ una gudbaysa methanol iyada oo loo marayo nanocomposites-ka Tm₂O₃/CeO₂.
6. Xuduudaha Soo Socda
- Kaydinta Xogta Cufnaanta Aad u Sareysa:
✓ Sawir-qaadista Tm₂O₃ filimaan khafiif ah oo loogu talagalay habaynta xogta indhaha ee 5D (is-weydaarsiga polarization/movelength).
- Tiknoolajiyada Hawada Sare:
✓ Dahaarka u adkaysta shucaaca ee elektaroonigga dayax-gacmeedka (Tm₂O₃-Al₂O₃ nanolaminates).
Astaamaha Muhiimka ah ee Horumarinta Hal-abuurka:
- Kala-guurka elektaroonigga ah ee 4f-4f ee gaarka ah (450–800 nm sii dayn)
- Xasilloonida kulaylka ilaa 2300°C (jawiga aan firfircoonayn)
- Dhaqanka paramagnetic-ka oo laga faa'iidaysan karo aaladaha spintronic
Fiiro Gaar ah oo ku saabsan Badbaadada: Waxay u baahan tahay maaraynta sanduuqa galoofyada ee budada nanoscale; Tm si dabiici ah u dhacda ma aha mid shucaac leh, laakiin foomamka neutron-ka ku shaqeeya waxay u baahan yihiin u hoggaansanaanta NRC.
Qalabkan istaraatiijiga ah wuxuu isku xiraa indhaha caadiga ah iyo teknoolojiyada quantum, iyadoo baahida sii kordheysa ee isgaarsiinta jiilka xiga, nidaamyada tamarta nadiifka ah, iyo daawada saxda ah. Cilmi-baarista socota waxay sahaminaysaa doorkeeda ku aaddan dahaarka dusha sare iyo qaboojinta adag.
