IManganese Dioxide ngumgubo omnyama onobunzima obuyi-5.026g/cm3 kunye nendawo yokunyibilika engama-390°C. Ayinyibiliki emanzini nakwi-nitric acid. Ioksijini ikhutshwa kwi-H2SO4 eshushu kakhulu, kwaye i-chlorine ikhutshwa kwi-HCL ukwenza i-manganous chloride. Isabela kwi-caustic alkali kunye nee-oxidants. I-Eutectic, ikhupha i-carbon dioxide, ivelise i-KMnO4, ibole kwi-manganese trioxide kunye neoksijini kwi-535°C, yi-oxidant enamandla.
I-Manganese Dioxideinoluhlu olubanzi lweendlela ezisetyenziswa ngazo, ezibandakanya amashishini afana neyeza (potassium permanganate), ukhuselo lwesizwe, unxibelelwano, iteknoloji ye-elektroniki, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya, imatshisi, ukwenza isepha, ukuwelda, ukucoca amanzi, ezolimo, kwaye isetyenziswa njengesibulali-ntsholongwane, i-oxidant, i-catalyst, njl. I-Manganese dioxide isetyenziswa njenge-MNO2 njenge-pigment yokufaka imibala kumphezulu we-ceramics kunye nezitena kunye neethayile, ezifana nombala omdaka, oluhlaza, onsomi, omnyama kunye neminye imibala eqaqambileyo, ukuze umbala ukhanye kwaye uhlale ixesha elide. I-Manganese dioxide ikwasetyenziswa njenge-depolarizer kwiibhetri ezomileyo, njenge-arhente yokuyekisa isinyithi se-manganese, ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ii-ferromanganese castings, ii-gas masks, kunye nezinto ze-elektroniki, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa kwirabha ukwandisa i-viscosity yerabha.
Iqela le-R&D le-UrbanMines Tech. Co., Ltd. lilungise iimeko zezicelo zenkampani ezisebenza kakhulu kwiimveliso, i-manganese dioxide ekhethekileyo ukuze abathengi bayiqwalasele.
(1) I-Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide, i-MnO2≥91.0%.
I-Electrolytic Manganese Dioxideyi-depolarizer egqwesileyo yeebhetri. Xa ithelekiswa neebhetri ezomileyo eziveliswa yi-manganese dioxide yendalo ekhuphayo, ineempawu zokuba namandla amakhulu okukhupha, umsebenzi onamandla, ubungakanani obuncinci, kunye nobomi obude. Ixutywe ne-20-30% EMD Xa ithelekiswa neebhetri ezomileyo ezenziwe nge-MnO2 yendalo yonke, iibhetri ezomileyo eziphumayo zinokunyusa amandla azo okukhuphayo nge-50-100%. Ukuxuba i-50-70% EMD kwibhetri ye-zinc chloride esebenza kakuhle kunokunyusa amandla ayo okukhuphayo ngezihlandlo ezi-2-3. Iibhetri ze-alkaline-manganese ezenziwe nge-EMD ngokupheleleyo zinokunyusa amandla azo okukhuphayo ngezihlandlo ezi-5-7. Ke ngoko, i-electrolytic manganese dioxide ibe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwishishini leebhetri.
Ukongeza ekubeni yeyona nto iphambili kwiibhetri, i-electrolytic manganese dioxide ekwimeko ebonakalayo ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu nakwezinye iindawo, ezinje: njenge-oxidant kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iikhemikhali ezintle, kunye nezinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa izinto ezithambileyo ze-manganese-zinc ferrite. I-electrolytic manganese dioxide inamandla okubangela i-catalytic, ukunciphisa i-oxidation, ukutshintshiselana kwee-ion kunye nokufunxa. Emva kokucubungula kunye nokubumba, iba luhlobo lwezinto ezibalaseleyo zokucoca amanzi kunye nokusebenza okubanzi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokucoca amanzi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, i-zeolite kunye nezinye izixhobo zokucoca amanzi, inamandla okususa umbala kunye nokususa iintsimbi!
(2) I-Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide yodidi lweLithium Manganese Oxide, i-MnO2≥92.0%.
I-Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide yeLithium Manganese Oxide GradeIsetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-lithium manganese ezisebenzisa amandla. Ibhetri ye-lithium manganese dioxide series ibonakaliswa ngamandla ayo athile (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250 Wh/kg kunye ne-500 Wh/L), kunye nokuzinza okuphezulu kokusebenza kombane kunye nokhuseleko olusetyenziswayo. Ifanelekile ukukhupha ixesha elide kuxinano lwangoku lwe-1mA/cm~2 kubushushu obungaphantsi kwama-20°C ukuya kwi-70°C. Ibhetri inevolthi encinci ye-3 volts. Inkampani yetekhnoloji yeBritish Ventour (Venture) inika abasebenzisi iintlobo ezintathu zesakhiwo seebhetri ze-lithium: iibhetri ze-lithium zeqhosha, iibhetri ze-lithium ze-cylindric, kunye neebhetri ze-lithium ze-aluminium ze-cylindric ezitywinwe ngeepolymers. Izixhobo ze-elektroniki eziphathekayo zoluntu ziyaphuhliswa kwicala le-miniaturization kunye nobunzima obulula, nto leyo efuna ukuba iibhetri ezibonelela ngamandla ukuze zibe nezi zibonelelo zilandelayo: ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula, amandla aphezulu athile, ubomi benkonzo ende, ukugcinwa, kunye nokungcola.
(3) Umgubo weManganese Dioxide oSebenzisiweyo, iMnO2≥75.%.
I-Manganese Dioxide esebenzayo(imbonakalo yimpuphu emnyama) yenziwe nge-manganese dioxide yendalo ekumgangatho ophezulu ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweenkqubo ezifana nokunciphisa, ukungalingani, kunye nobunzima. Ngokwenene yindibaniselwano ye-manganese dioxide esebenzayo kunye ne-chemical manganese dioxide. Indibaniselwano ineenzuzo eziphezulu ezifana nesakhiwo sekristale yohlobo lwe-γ, indawo enkulu yomphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokufunxwa kolwelo, kunye nomsebenzi wokukhupha. Olu hlobo lwemveliso lunokukhupha okuqhubekayo okuhle kunye nokusebenza kokukhupha okungapheliyo, kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kweebhetri ezomileyo ze-zinc-manganese ezinamandla aphezulu kunye nomthamo ophezulu. Le mveliso inokutshintsha i-electrolytic manganese dioxide xa isetyenziswa kwiibhetri zohlobo lwe-zinc (P) olune-chloride ephezulu, kwaye inokutshintsha i-electrolytic manganese dioxide ngokupheleleyo xa isetyenziswa kwiibhetri zohlobo lwe-ammonium chloride (C). Inesiphumo esihle nesonga imali.
Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa okuthile yile ilandelayo:
i-. I-ceramic color glaze: izongezo kwi-black glaze, i-manganese red glaze kunye ne-brown glaze;
b. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ceramic inkino yombala ifaneleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni i-agent yombala omnyama esebenza kakhulu kwi-glaze; umbala ogcweleyo ngokucacileyo uphezulu kune-manganese oxide eqhelekileyo, kwaye ubushushu bokwenziwa kwe-calcining bungaphantsi kwama-20 degrees kune-electrolytic manganese dioxide eqhelekileyo.
c. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zamayeza, ii-oxidants, ii-catalysts;
d. I-decolorizer kushishino lweglasi;
(4) I-Manganese Dioxide ecocekileyo kakhulu, i-MnO2 96%-99%.
Emva kweminyaka yokusebenza nzima, inkampani iphumeleleI-Manganese Dioxide Ecocekileyo Kakhuluenomxholo we-96%-99%. Imveliso eguquliweyo ineempawu ze-oxidation enamandla kunye nokukhupha okunamandla, kwaye ixabiso linenzuzo epheleleyo xa lithelekiswa ne-electrolytic manganese dioxide. I-Manganese dioxide yipowder emnyama e-amorphous okanye i-black orthorhombic crystal. Yi-oxide ezinzileyo ye-manganese. Ihlala ivela kwi-pyrolusite kunye ne-manganese nodules. Injongo ephambili ye-manganese dioxide kukwenza iibhetri ezomileyo, ezifana neebhetri ze-carbon-zinc kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline. Ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-catalyst kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali, okanye njenge-agent enamandla ye-oxidizing kwizisombululo ze-asidi. I-Manganese dioxide yi-non-amphoteric oxide (i-oxide engakhiyo ityuwa), eyi-solid emnyama eqinileyo kubushushu begumbi kwaye ingasetyenziswa njenge-depolarizer kwiibhetri ezomileyo. Ikwayi-oxidant enamandla, ayitshi yodwa, kodwa ixhasa ukutsha, ngoko ke akufuneki ibekwe kunye nezinto ezivuthayo.
Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa okuthile yile ilandelayo:
a. Isetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-depolarizer kwiibhetri ezomileyo. Yiarhente elungileyo yokususa umbala kwishishini leglasi. Inganyibilikisa iityuwa zesinyithi ezixabiso liphantsi zibe ziityuwa zesinyithi eziphezulu, kwaye iguqule umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka weglasi ube mthubi obuthathaka.
b. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto zemagnethi ze-manganese-zinc ferrite kwishishini le-elektroniki, njengezinto eziluhlaza kwii-alloys ze-ferro-manganese kwishishini lokwenza intsimbi, kunye ne-ejenti yokufudumeza kwishishini lokuphosa. Isetyenziswa njengesifunxi se-carbon monoxide kwiimaski zegesi.
c. Kwishishini leekhemikhali, isetyenziswa njenge-oxidizing agent (njengokwenziwa kwe-purpurin), isincedisi sokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye ne-desiccant yeepeyinti kunye nee-inki.
d. Isetyenziswa njengesincedisi sokutsha kwishishini le-match, njengezinto eziluhlaza ezenziwe ngeeseramikhi kunye nee-enamel glazes kunye neetyuwa ze-manganese.
e. Isetyenziswa kwi-pyrotechnics, ekucoceni amanzi nasekususeni isinyithi, kumayeza, ekuprinteni nasekudayeni izichumisi kunye nelaphu, njl.