A masana'antar gilashi, ana amfani da nau'ikan mahaɗan ƙarfe masu wuya, ƙananan mahaɗan ƙarfe, da mahaɗan ƙasa masu wuya a matsayin ƙarin abubuwa ko masu gyara don cimma takamaiman halayen gani, na zahiri, ko na sinadarai. Dangane da adadi mai yawa na shari'o'in amfani da abokan ciniki, ƙungiyar fasaha da haɓakawa ta UrbanMines Tech. Limited ta rarraba kuma ta tsara manyan mahaɗan da amfaninsu:
1. Abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samu a duniya ba
1.Cerium Oxide (CeO₂)
- Manufa:
- Mai cire launin fata: Yana cire launin kore a cikin gilashi (ƙazanta Fe²⁺).
- Shawarar UV: ana amfani da shi a cikin gilashin da aka kare da UV (misali gilashi, gilashin gine-gine).
- Wakili mai gogewa: kayan gogewa don daidaiton gilashin gani.
2. Neodymium oxide (Nd₂O₃), praseodymium oxide (Pr₆O₁₁)
- Manufa:
- Masu launi: Neodymium yana ba gilashin launin shunayya (ya bambanta da tushen haske), kuma praseodymium yana samar da launin kore ko rawaya, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin gilashin fasaha da matattara.
3. Eu₂O₃, Terbium Oxide (Tb₄O₇)
- Manufa:
- Abubuwan da ke haskakawa: ana amfani da su don gilashin haske (kamar allon X-ray mai ƙarfafawa, da na'urorin nuni).
4. Lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃), yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃)
- Manufa:
- Gilashin haske mai ƙarfi: Ƙara ma'aunin haske na gilashin gani (kamar ruwan tabarau na kyamara, da na'urorin microscopes).
- Gilashi mai jure zafi mai yawa: Ingantaccen juriyar zafi da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai (labware, zare na gani).
2. Haɗaɗɗun ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi
Ana amfani da karafa marasa ƙarfi a cikin gilashi don musamman don shafa mai aiki ko inganta aiki:
1. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO, In₂O₃-SnO₂)
- Manufa:
- Rufin da ke amfani da wutar lantarki: Fim ɗin da ke amfani da wutar lantarki mai haske wanda ake amfani da shi don allon taɓawa da nunin lu'ulu'u na ruwa (LCDs).
2. Germanium oxide (GeO₂)
- Manufa:
- Gilashin Watsa Infrared: Ana amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin daukar hoto na zafi, da na'urorin gani na infrared.
- Fiber mai yawan haske: Yana inganta aikin sadarwa na fiber optic.
3. Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃)
- Manufa:
- Shakar hasken shuɗi: ana amfani da shi a cikin matattara ko gilashin gani na musamman.
3. Ƙananan Haɗaɗɗun Karfe
Ƙananan ƙarfe galibi suna nufin ƙarfe masu ƙarancin samarwa amma masu ƙimar masana'antu mai yawa, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su don yin launi ko daidaita aiki:
1. Cobalt oxide (CoO/Co₃O₄)
- Manufa:
- Launi mai launin shuɗi: ana amfani da shi a gilashin fasaha, da matattara (kamar gilashin saffir).
2. Nickel Oxide (NiO2)
- Manufa:
- Launin launin toka/shuɗi: Yana daidaita launin gilashin, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don gilashin sarrafa zafi (yana ɗaukar takamaiman tsawon tsayi).
3. Selenium (Se) da kuma selenium oxide (SeO₂)
- Manufa:
- Ja launi: Gilashin Ruby (wanda aka haɗa shi da cadmium sulfide).
- Mai cire launin fata: Yana rage launin kore da ƙazanta na ƙarfe ke haifarwa.
4. Lithium Oxide (Li₂O)
- Manufa:
- Ƙananan wurin narkewa: Inganta ruwan narkewar gilashin (kamar gilashi na musamman, gilashin gani).
4. Sauran sinadarai masu aiki
1. Titanium oxide (TiO₂)
- Manufa:
- Babban ma'aunin haske: ana amfani da shi don gilashin gani da kuma shafa gilashin da ke tsaftace kansa.
- Kariyar UV: Gilashin gine-gine da na mota.
2. Vanadium oxide (V₂O₅)
- Manufa:
- Gilashin Thermochromic: yana daidaita watsa haske yayin da yanayin zafi ke canzawa (tagar wayo).
**Taƙaita**
- Abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samu a duniya ba suna mamaye inganta halayen gani (kamar launi, hasken rana, da kuma babban ma'aunin haske).
- Ana amfani da karafa masu wuya (kamar indium, da germanium) galibi a fannin fasahar zamani (rufin da ke amfani da wutar lantarki, gilashin infrared).
- Ƙananan ƙarfe (Cobalt, Nickel, Selenium) suna mai da hankali kan sarrafa launi da kuma kawar da ƙazanta.
Amfani da waɗannan mahaɗan yana ba da damar gilashi ya sami ayyuka daban-daban a fannoni kamar gine-gine, kayan lantarki, na'urorin gani, da fasaha.