▲ Te pikinga ake o te cerium hydroxide
I waenganui i te auahatanga tonu o ngā hangarau pūngao hou, kei te noho tonu te āwangawanga mō te heke mai o te umanga. Heoi, ko te pikinga ake o te cerium hydroxide i ngā wā tata nei kua kawea mai he tumanako hou ki tēnei mara. Hei rauemi kore-ora nui, kei te piki haere te cerium hydroxide ki te tūranga i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou nā ōna āhuatanga ahurei me te whānui o te kaha tono. Muri iho, ka rukuhia e tātou te ao o te cerium hydroxide, ka ruku hohonu atu ki ōna tono kanorau i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou me ngā take kei muri i tōna kaha hei rauemi pūngao hou e whai hua ana.
▲ Te tūranga matua i roto i ngā pūtau wahie
He mea nui te mahi a te hauwai cerium i roto i te ao o te pūngao hou, inā koa i roto i ngā tono pūtau wahie. Nā ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū ahurei, he mea nui tēnei hei wāhanga o ngā pūtau wahie. Mā te mārama hohonu ake ki ngā mātāpono mahi me ngā tikanga o te hauwai cerium i roto i ngā pūtau wahie, ka taea e tātou te mārama ake ki tōna pūmanawa me ngā tūmanakohanga mō te tono i roto i te ao pūngao hou.
Nā te kaha o te kawe irahiko me ōna āhuatanga matū pumau, he rauemi irahiko pai rawa atu te hauwai cerium mō ngā pūtau wahie waikura totoka (SOFC). I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei, ka āwhina i te hekenga pai o ngā irahiko hāora, ka taea ai ngā tauhohenga hikohiko me te whakarato i te mana kaha mō te mahi pumau o ngā SOFC. Ko te hauwai cerium he wāhanga nui o te "ngākau" o ngā SOFC, ā, ko tōna aroaro kei te akiaki i te auahatanga me te whakatairanga tonu o ngā hangarau pūngao hou.
▲ Te whakamahinga i roto i te hangarau rokiroki pūngao
I te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā waka pūngao hou me te pūngao hou, kua noho te hangarau rokiroki pūngao hei hangarau matua. I runga i tēnei horopaki, ko te whakamahinga ohauwai ceriumKua āta arohia te ao rokiroki pūngao i roto i te mara rokiroki pūngao. Hei whakarerekētanga mō ngā rauemi hiko, ka taea e ia te whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā rauemi hiko, ā, ka whakarei ake i te pumau o te huringa o te pākahiko me te kaha tuku tere teitei. Nā te mea ka taea e te cerium hydroxide te whai wāhi ki te tauhohenga redox i runga i te mata o te hiko i te wā o te tukanga utu me te tukunga o te pākahiko, ka whakaitihia te kino hanganga ki te rauemi hiko, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te pākahiko. Ki te titiro whakamua, me te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau rokiroki pūngao, ka nui ake te kaha o te whakamahinga o te cerium hydroxide i roto i te mara rokiroki pūngao hou.
▲ Te pūmanawa i roto i te hangarau whakaputa hauwai
I te panonitanga o ngā hanganga pūngao, kei te piki haere te aro ki te hangarau whakaputa hauwai. Ko te hauwai cerium, he matū he āhuatanga ahurei, e whakaatu ana i te kaha nui mō te whakamahi i roto i te whakaputa hauwai. Mā te whai wāhi ki ngā tauhohenga matū, ka taea e ia te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te pumau o te tukanga whakaputa hauwai, me te whakarato tautoko hangarau hou mō te whakawhiti pūngao.
I roto i te whanaketanga o te umanga pūngao hauwai, kua noho te hangarau whakaputa hauwai whai hua me te iti te utu hei huarahi matua mō te rangahau me te whanaketanga. Ka taea e te hauwai cerium, he whakakorikori ahurei, te whakatairanga i ngā tauhohenga matū waro pēnei i te waikura o ngā waipiro me te waikura o ngā olefin, ā, ka tutuki ai te whakaputa hauwai whai hua i roto i ēnei tauhohenga. Kei te hauwai cerium hoki te kaha ki te mahi hei whakakorikori whakaahua, ka taea te wawahi i ngā ngota wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga mārama hei whakaputa hauwai. Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hauwai cerium i roto i te umanga pūngao hauwai, ā, e tika ana kia werohia he kaha hou ki te whanaketanga tere o te umanga.
▲ Te whakamahinga i roto i te mara o te tiaki taiao
Ina kōrerohia te tūranga nui o te cerium hydroxide i roto i te umanga pūngao hauwai, kāore e taea te kore e whakahua i ōna whakamahinga nui i roto i te tiaki taiao. Hei whakakorikori tino whai hua, ka taea e te cerium hydroxide te whakahaere i ngā momo tauhohenga matū waro. Ehara i te mea ka whai wāhi noa ēnei tauhohenga ki te whakaputa hauwai engari ka taea hoki te huri me te whakamahi rauemi o ngā para waro. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā āhuatanga photocatalytic o te cerium hydroxide he taputapu kaha mō te whakatika i te parahanga taiao. Mā te pirau i ngā ngota wai me ētahi atu tukanga, ka taea e ia te huri i ngā matū kino ki ngā mea kore kino, ā, mā reira ka tiakina me te whakapai ake i te taiao.
Haunga tōna angitu nui i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou, kua whakaatuhia hoki e te cerium hydroxide tōna uara nui i roto i te mara tiaki taiao. Mā te whakamahi i ōna āhuatanga whakakorikori ahurei, ka whakamahia whānuitia te cerium hydroxide hei wawahi i ngā hau kino, hei āwhina i te whakaiti i te parahanga taiao. Ka whakamahia whānuitia hoki hei tāpiri karāhe me te tae uku, hei whakapai ake i te mahi hua me te whakarei ake i tōna āhua taiao. Nā tēnei pānga mahi tahi puta noa i ngā rāngai pūngao hou me te taiao kua piki haere tonu te hiahia mākete mō te cerium hydroxide, hei whakatairanga ake i tōna whakamahinga whānui i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou.
▲ Tirohanga Mākete
I te tere o te tipu o te umanga pūngao hou me te rongonui haere o te mōhiotanga taiao, kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia o te mākete mō te cerium hydroxide. E matapaetia ana e ngā whakahaere mana ka haere tonu te whānui o te mākete mō te cerium hydroxide i ngā tau e haere ake nei, inā koa i roto i ngā mara hou pēnei i ngā pūtau wahie, ngā hangarau rokiroki pūngao, me te umanga pūngao hauwai, e matapaetia ana ka nui haere te tipu o tana whakamahinga. E kore e kore ka kawea mai e tēnei ia o te mākete he whai wāhitanga kāore i kitea i mua mō te angitu o te umanga cerium hydroxide.
▲ Te Tirohanga ā-Mārama
I te haere tonu o te angitu o te umanga pūngao hou me te piki haere o te whakamahinga o ngā ariā tiaki taiao, ka noho kaha tonu te hiahia o te mākete mō te cerium hydroxide. E matapaetia ana e ngā whakahaere mana ka haere tonu te whānui o te mākete mō te cerium hydroxide i roto i ngā tau torutoru e whai ake nei, inā koa i roto i ngā mara hou pēnei i ngā pūtau wahie, te hangarau rokiroki pūngao, me te umanga pūngao hauwai, e matapaetia ana ka tere te tipu o tana whakamahinga. Ko tēnei ia whanaketanga mākete e tohu ana i tētahi heke mai kanapa ake mō te umanga cerium hydroxide.
Ko te hauwai hauwai serium, me ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū ahurei, me te whānui o te whakamahinga puta noa i ngā mara maha, kei te puta haere mai hei whetu kanapa i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou. E whakaatu ana i te pūmanawa tono whakamiharo me te uara mākete i roto i ngā wāhanga matua pēnei i ngā pūtau wahie, te hangarau rokiroki pūngao, te umanga pūngao hauwai, tae atu ki te tiaki taiao. I te tirohanga whakamua, me te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau pūngao hou me te tipu haere o te tono mākete, ka tino nui ake te mahi a te hauwai hauwai serium i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou, ka werohia he kaha ki te whanaketanga matomato me te pumau o te hapori tangata. Kia tumanako tātou katoa ki te kite i te whanaketanga kanapa o te hauwai hauwai serium i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou.