Paʻi hou ʻia mai: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute
ʻIkepili koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻatikala: ʻAno o ka māhele mākeke o ka ʻoihana manganese ma Kina; Hana manganese electrolytic ma Kina; Hana manganese sulfate ma Kina; Hana manganese dioxide electrolytic ma Kina; Hana manganese alloy ma Kina
ʻO ke ʻano o ka māhele mākeke o ka ʻoihana manganese: ʻOi aku ma mua o 90% ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui manganese
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mākeke ʻoihana manganese ma Kina i nā ʻāpana mākeke penei:
1) Mākeke manganese electrolytic: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ke kila kila, nā mea magnetic, ke kila kūikawā, nā paʻakai manganese, a pēlā aku.
2) Mākeke manganese dioxide electrolytic: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā pila mua, nā pila lua (lithium manganate), nā mea magnetic palupalu, a pēlā aku.
3) Mākeke Manganese sulfate: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻoulu kemika, nā mea mua ternary, a pēlā aku. 4) Mākeke ferroalloy Manganese: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ke kila kila, ke kila alloy, ke kila hoʻolei, ka hao hoʻolei, a pēlā aku. Mai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopuka ʻana,
I ka makahiki 2022, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka manganese alloy a Kina e helu no ka hapa nui loa o ka hana holoʻokoʻa, e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o 90%; ukali ʻia e ka manganese electrolytic, e helu ana no 4%; ʻo ka manganese sulfate maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka manganese dioxide electrolytic ʻelua e helu ana no kahi o 2%.
ʻOihana manganeseka hoʻopuka mākeke ʻāpana
1. Ka hana ʻana o ka manganese electrolytic: emi nui
Mai 2017 a i 2020, ua noho ka hana manganese electrolytic a Kina ma kahi o 1.5 miliona tone. I ʻOkakopa 2020, ua hoʻokumu kūhelu ʻia ka Electrolytic Manganese Metal Innovation Alliance o ke Komite ʻenehana ʻoihana Manganese National, e hoʻomaka ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻaoʻao lako o kamanganese electrolyticʻoihana. I ʻApelila 2021, ua hoʻokuʻu ka Electrolytic Manganese Innovation Alliance i ka "Electrolytic Manganese Metal Innovation Alliance Industrial Upgrading Plan (2021 Edition)". I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ua hāpai ka hui i kahi hoʻolālā no ka ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa e hoʻōki i ka hana ʻana no 90 mau lā no ka hoʻonui ʻana. Mai ka hapa lua o 2021, ua emi ka hana o nā panalāʻau hema hema ma nā wahi hana manganese electrolytic nui ma muli o ka nele o ka mana. Wahi a nā helu helu hui, ʻo ka huina o nā ʻoihana manganese electrolytic ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa i ka makahiki 2021 he 1.3038 miliona tons, he emi ʻana o 197,500 tons i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2020, a he emi ʻana o 13.2% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Wahi a ka ʻikepili noiʻi SMM, e hāʻule ka hana manganese electrolytic o Kina i 760,000 tons i ka makahiki 2022.
2. Ka hana ʻana o ka manganese sulfate: piʻi wikiwiki
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka manganese sulfate maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe o Kina he 152,000 tons i ka makahiki 2021, a ʻo ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka hana mai 2017 a i 2021 he 20%. Me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka hana ʻana o nā mea ternary cathode, ke ulu wikiwiki nei ke koi o ka mākeke no ka manganese sulfate maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a ka ʻikepili noiʻi SMM, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka manganese sulfate maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe o Kina i ka makahiki 2022 e like me 287,500 tons.
3. Ka hana ʻana o ka manganese dioxide electrolytic: ulu nui
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā ukana lithium manganate, ua piʻi nui ka noi o ka mākeke no ka lithium manganate type electrolytic manganese dioxide, e hoʻokele ana i ka hana o ka electrolytic manganese dioxide i luna. Wahi a ka ʻikepili noiʻi SMM, ʻo ka hana electrolytic manganese dioxide a Kina i ka makahiki 2022 e like me 268,600 tons.
4. Ka hana ʻana o ka hui manganese: ka mea hana nui loa o ka honua
ʻO Kina ka mea hana a me ka mea kūʻai nui loa o ka honua i nā mea hao manganese. Wahi a nā helu helu Mysteel, ʻo ka hana ʻana o Kina i ka silicon-manganese alloy i ka makahiki 2022 he 9.64 miliona tons, ʻo ka hana ferromanganese he 1.89 miliona tons, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka slag waiwai manganese he 2.32 miliona tons, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka manganese metala he 1.5 miliona tons.