Sei Trump ari kutarisa Greenland? Kunze kwenzvimbo yayo yakanaka, chitsuwa ichi chakaomeswa nechando chine "zviwanikwa zvakakosha."
2026-01-09 10:35 Wall Street News Official Account
Sekureva kweCCTV News, musi wa8 Ndira panguva yemuno, Mutungamiri weUS Trump akataura kuti United States inofanira "kuva muridzi" weGreenland yese, chirevo chaunza Greenland zvakare mukutarisa kwehupfumi.
Sekureva kwemushumo wetsvagurudzo wechangobva kuitwa neHSBC, chitsuwa chikuru pasi rose hachina nzvimbo yakanaka chete, asiwo chine zvicherwa zvakawanda zvakakosha zvakaita sezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvepasi.
Greenland ine nzvimbo yechisere pakukura pasi rose ine matura evhu asingawanzoonekwi (anenge matani mamiriyoni 1.5), uye kana paine nzvimbo dzinokwanisika dzekuchengetedza, inogona kuva yechipiri pakukura pasi rose (matani mamiriyoni 36.1). Chitsuwa ichi chinewo zvicherwa muzvinhu 29 zvakashandiswa izvo European Commission yakataura kuti zvakakosha kana kuti zvine mwero.
Zvisinei, nyaya huru ndeyekuti kunyange zvazvo Greenland iri muzviwanikwa zvepasi zvisingawanzoonekwi pasi rose, zviwanikwa izvi zvingasave nehupfumi hwekuchera munguva pfupi iri kutevera pamitengo yazvino uye mari yekuchera. Chitsuwa ichi chakafukidzwa nechando ne80%, zvinopfuura hafu yezviwanikwa zvayo zvezvicherwa zviri kuchamhembe kweArctic Circle, uye mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza inoita kuti mitengo yekuchera ikwire. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Greenland haigone kuve nzvimbo yakakosha yezvicherwa zvakakosha munguva pfupi kunze kwekunge mitengo yezvinhu ikakwira zvakanyanya mune ramangwana.
Zvematongerwo enyika zviri kudzosera Greenland kutarisisa, zvichiipa kukosha kwayo katatu.
Kufarira kweUnited States Greenland hachisi chinhu chitsva. Kubva muzana remakore rechi19, US yakanga yaronga kutenga Greenland. Mushure mekunge hurumende yaTrump yatora chigaro, nyaya iyi yakataurwa kakawanda muna 2019, 2025, na2026, ichichinja kubva pakutanga pakutarisa "kuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi" kuenda pakunyanya kusimbisa "kuchengetedzwa kwenyika."
Greenland inzvimbo ine hutongi hwakati wandei muUmambo hweDenmark, ine vagari vanosvika 57,000 chete uye GDP iri panhamba 189 pasi rose, zvichiita kuti hupfumi hwayo husakoshe. Zvisinei, kukosha kwayo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kunoshamisa: sezvo iri chitsuwa chikuru pasi rose, iri panhamba 13 munzvimbo dzakasiyana pakati pehupfumi hwepasi rose. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, inenge 80% yechitsuwa ichi yakafukidzwa nechando, uye nzvimbo yayo iri pakati peUnited States, Europe, neRussia.
HSBC yakataura kuti kukwira kweGreenland pakuva nemukurumbira kunobva mumigumisiro yezvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha:
Chekutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha ndechekufunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Greenland iri pakati peUnited States, Europe, neRussia, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yayo yenzvimbo ive yakakosha zvikuru muhondo.
Chechipiri, pane mukana wekutumira zvinhu. Sezvo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ichikonzera kuti chando cheArctic chinyunguduke, Northern Sea Route inogona kunge yava nyore kusvikika uye yakakosha, uye nzvimbo yeGreenland ichaita basa guru mune ramangwana rekutakura zvinhu pasi rose.
Chechitatu, kune zviwanikwa zvechisikigo. Iri ndiro dingindira guru rehurukuro iyi.
Iine mamwe emareserve makuru epasi rose, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinorema zvepasi, uye ine zvicherwa zvakakosha makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe.
Mushumo uyu unoratidza kuti, zvichienderana nedata ra2025 kubva kuUS Geological Survey (USGS), Greenland ine matani angangoita mamiriyoni 1.5 emvura.ivhu risingawanzoonekwinzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, dziri pachinzvimbo chechisere pasi rose. Zvisinei, Geological Survey yeDenmark neGreenland (GEUS) inopa ongororo ine tariro, ichiratidza kuti Greenland inogona kunge iine matani mamiriyoni makumi matatu nematanhatu negumi emamiriyoni ematani enzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Kana nhamba iyi iri chaiyo, ichaita kuti Greenland ive yechipiri pakukura kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa pasi rose.
Zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvekuti, Greenland ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvepasi (kusanganisira terbium, dysprosium, uye yttrium), izvo zvinowanzoita pasi pe10% yenzvimbo zhinji dzisina kugadzikana dzepasi asi zvinhu zvakakosha zvemagineti anogara aripo anodiwa mumaturbine emhepo, mota dzemagetsi, uye masisitimu ekudzivirira.
Kunze kwezvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi zvepanyika, Greenland inewo zvicherwa zvine mwero zvakaita senickel, mhangura, lithium, uye tin, pamwe chete nezviwanikwa zvemafuta negasi. US Geological Survey inofungidzira kuti Arctic Circle inogona kunge iine inenge 30% yenzvimbo dzisina kuwanikwa dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose.
Greenland ine 29 pa 38 "zvinhu zvakakosha" izvo European Commission (2023) yakaona sezvinokosha zvikuru kana kuti zvine mwero, uye zvicherwa izvi zvinoonekwawo sezvinokosha muhurongwa kana muhupfumi neGEUS (2023).
Iyi migove yakawanda yezviwanikwa zvezvicherwa inopa Greenland chinzvimbo chakakosha muchikamu chakakosha chezvicherwa pasi rose, kunyanya mumamiriro ehupfumi aripo iye zvino uko nyika dziri kutsvaga kusiyanisa zvikamu zvavo zvezvicherwa.
Migodhi yakatarisana nematambudziko makuru ehupfumi
Zvisinei, pane musiyano mukuru pakati pezvinhu zvakachengetwa nedzidziso uye kugona kwekuchera chaiko, uye kuvandudzwa kwezviwanikwa zveGreenland kunosangana nematambudziko makuru.
Matambudziko enzvimbo akakosha: Panzvimbo dzine zvicherwa zvakawanikwa neGEUS, dzinopfuura hafu dziri kuchamhembe kweArctic Circle. Ne80% yeGreenland yakafukidzwa nechando, mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa anowedzera kuoma uye mari yekuchera.
Kufambira mberi kwepurojekiti kuri kunonoka: Tichitarisa kuchera ivhu diki semuenzaniso, kunyangwe nzvimbo dzeKvanefjeld neTanbreez dziri kumaodzanyemba kweGreenland dziine mukana (purojekiti yeTanbreez yakaisa chinangwa chekutanga chekugadzira matani angangoita 85,000 emafuta evhu diki pagore kubva muna 2026), parizvino hapana migodhi mikuru iri kushanda chaiyo.
Kubudirira kwehupfumi kunopokana: Tichifunga nezvemitengo iripo uye mari yekugadzira, pamwe nekuoma kwakawedzerwa kwenzvimbo dzakaoma uye mitemo yakaoma yezvakatipoteredza, zviwanikwa zveGreenland zvisingawanzo budirira mune hupfumi munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Mushumo weGEUS unotaura zvakajeka kuti mitengo yepamusoro yezvinhu inodiwa pakuchera zvirimwa zveGreenland nenzira yehupfumi.
Mushumo weongororo yeHSBC unoti mamiriro aya akafanana nedambudziko remafuta muVenezuela. Kunyangwe Venezuela ine mafuta akawanda pasi rose akaonekwa kuti ane simba, chikamu chidiki chete ndicho chinogona kushandiswa muhupfumi.
Nyaya yacho yakafanana neGreenland: nzvimbo dzakachengetwa dzakakura, asi kubudirira kwekuchera hakusati kwajeka mune zvemari. Chinokosha hachisi chekuti nyika ine zviwanikwa zvemidziyo chete here, asiwo kuti kubvisa zviwanikwa izvozvo kunokwanisika here mune hupfumi. Musiyano uyu wakakosha zvikuru kana tichitarisa makwikwi ehupfumi hwenyika uye kushandiswa kuri kuwedzera kwekutengeserana nekuwana zviwanikwa sezvishandiso zvezvematongerwo enyika.