▲ Kukwera kwa cerium hydroxide
Pakati pa kusintha kwatsopano kwa ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi, tsogolo la makampaniwa likadali lodzaza ndi kusatsimikizika. Komabe, kukwera kwaposachedwa kwa cerium hydroxide mosakayikira kwabweretsa chiyembekezo chatsopano m'munda uno. Monga chinthu chofunikira chosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, cerium hydroxide pang'onopang'ono ikuyamba kukhazikika mu gawo latsopano lamagetsi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso kuthekera kwake kogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kenako, tidzafufuza dziko la cerium hydroxide, ndikufufuza mozama momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito m'gawo latsopano lamagetsi komanso zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale ngati chinthu chatsopano chamagetsi.
▲ Malo ofunikira m'maselo amafuta
Cerium hydroxide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mphamvu zatsopano, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito maselo amafuta. Kapangidwe kake kapadera ka thupi ndi mankhwala kamapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lofunika kwambiri la maselo amafuta. Mwa kumvetsetsa bwino mfundo zogwirira ntchito ndi njira za cerium hydroxide m'maselo amafuta, titha kumvetsetsa bwino kuthekera kwake ndi mwayi wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda watsopano wamagetsi.
Cerium hydroxide, chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yoyendetsa ma ionic komanso mphamvu zake zokhazikika za mankhwala, ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri cha electrolyte cha ma cell olimba a oxide fuel (SOFCs). Pa kutentha kwambiri, imathandizira kusamuka bwino kwa ma ion a okosijeni, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma electrochemical azichita bwino komanso kupereka mphamvu yamphamvu kuti ma SOFC azigwira ntchito bwino. Cerium hydroxide ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la "mtima" wa ma SOFC, ndipo kupezeka kwake kukuyendetsa patsogolo luso lopanga zinthu zatsopano komanso kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi.
▲ Kugwiritsa ntchito muukadaulo wosungira mphamvu
Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu wakhala ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri. Potengera izi, kugwiritsa ntchitocerium hydroxideMu gawo losungira mphamvu pang'onopang'ono lakopa chidwi. Monga chosinthira zinthu zama electrode, imatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zama electrode, motero imakulitsa kukhazikika kwa kayendedwe ka batri komanso mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa mphamvu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti cerium hydroxide imatha kutenga nawo mbali mu redox reaction pamwamba pa electrode panthawi ya batri yolipirira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe ka zinthu zama electrode ndikuwonjezera moyo wonse wa batri. Poyang'ana mtsogolo, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito cerium hydroxide mu gawo latsopano losungira mphamvu kudzakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu.
▲ Kuthekera kwa ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni
Ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu, ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni ukuchulukirachulukira. Cerium hydroxide, chinthu chokhala ndi makhalidwe apadera, chikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga haidrojeni. Mwa kutenga nawo mbali muzochita zamakemikolo, imatha kukonza bwino komanso kukhazikika kwa njira yopanga haidrojeni, kupereka chithandizo chatsopano chaukadaulo pakusintha kwa mphamvu.
Pakukula kwa makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen, ukadaulo wothandiza komanso wotsika mtengo wopanga hydrogen wakhala njira yofunika kwambiri yofufuzira ndi chitukuko. Cerium hydroxide, chothandizira chapadera, chingathandize kulimbikitsa machitidwe achilengedwe monga okosijeni wa alcohols ndi epoxidation ya olefins, motero kupanga hydrogen bwino mu machitidwe awa. Cerium hydroxide ilinso ndi kuthekera kogwira ntchito ngati photocatalyst, yokhoza kuwola mamolekyu amadzi pansi pa kuwala kuti ipange hydrogen. Makhalidwe amenewa amapatsa cerium hydroxide mwayi waukulu wogwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen ndipo akuyembekezeka kuyika chilimbikitso chatsopano pakukula mwachangu kwamakampani.
▲ Kugwiritsa ntchito poteteza chilengedwe
Pokambirana za ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya cerium hydroxide mumakampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen, sitingalephere kutchula ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe. Monga chothandizira kwambiri, cerium hydroxide imatha kuthandiza machitidwe osiyanasiyana a mankhwala achilengedwe. Machitidwewa samangothandiza kupanga hydrogen komanso amathandizira kusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu za cerium hydroxide zowunikira zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chida champhamvu chothanirana ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe. Mwa kuwononga mamolekyu amadzi ndi njira zina, imatha kusintha zinthu zovulaza kukhala zopanda vuto, potero kuteteza ndi kukonza chilengedwe.
Kupatula kupambana kwake kwakukulu mu gawo latsopano la mphamvu, cerium hydroxide yawonetsanso kufunika kwake kofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo cha chilengedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zapadera zoyambitsa, cerium hydroxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powononga mpweya woipa, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuipitsa chilengedwe. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chowonjezera chagalasi komanso utoto wa ceramic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zigwire bwino ntchito komanso kukulitsa mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe. Mphamvu yogwirizana iyi m'magawo atsopano a mphamvu ndi zachilengedwe yapangitsa kuti msika upitirire kufunikira kwa cerium hydroxide, zomwe zikupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwakukulu m'gawo latsopano la mphamvu.
▲ Chiyembekezo cha Msika
Chifukwa cha kukwera mofulumira kwa makampani atsopano opanga mphamvu komanso kutchuka kwa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe, kufunikira kwa msika wa cerium hydroxide kukupitirira kukwera. Mabungwe ovomerezeka akulosera kuti msika wa cerium hydroxide upitiliza kukula m'zaka zikubwerazi, makamaka m'magawo amakono monga ma cell amafuta, ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, ndi makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen, komwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kukuyembekezeka kukula kwambiri. Msikawu mosakayikira udzabweretsa mwayi wosayerekezeka kuti makampani opanga cerium hydroxide apite patsogolo.
▲ Chiyembekezo cha M'tsogolo
Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa makampani atsopano opanga mphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zoteteza chilengedwe, kufunikira kwa msika wa cerium hydroxide kudzakhalabe kolimba. Mabungwe ovomerezeka akulosera kuti msika wa cerium hydroxide upitiliza kukula m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, makamaka m'magawo amakono monga ma cell amafuta, ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, ndi makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen, komwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kukuyembekezeka kukula mwachangu. Kukula kwa msika kumeneku kukuwonetsa tsogolo labwino kwambiri la makampani opanga cerium hydroxide.
Cerium hydroxide, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso mankhwala komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana, pang'onopang'ono ikuwoneka ngati nyenyezi yowala mu gawo latsopano la mphamvu. Ikuwonetsa kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kufunika kwa msika m'magawo ofunikira monga ma cell amafuta, ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen, komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Poyang'ana mtsogolo, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi komanso kufunikira kwa msika komwe kukukula, cerium hydroxide mosakayikira idzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri mu gawo latsopano la mphamvu, ndikuyika chilimbikitso champhamvu mu chitukuko chobiriwira komanso chokhazikika cha anthu. Tiyeni tonse tiyembekezere kuwona chitukuko chabwino cha cerium hydroxide mu gawo latsopano la mphamvu.