Vim li cas Trump thiaj li xav txog Greenland? Tshaj li qhov chaw tseem ceeb, cov kob khov no muaj "cov peev txheej tseem ceeb."
2026-01-09 10:35 Wall Street Xov Xwm Tus Account Official
Raws li CCTV Xov Xwm, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 8 lub sijhawm hauv zos, Thawj Tswj Hwm Tebchaws Meskas Trump tau hais tias Tebchaws Meskas yuav tsum "muaj" tag nrho Greenland, ib qho lus tshaj tawm uas tau coj Greenland rov qab los rau hauv qhov chaw geoeconomic.
Raws li daim ntawv tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm HSBC, lub ntiaj teb cov kob loj tshaj plaws tsis yog tsuas yog muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom siv tseem ceeb xws li cov khoom siv av tsis tshua muaj.
Greenland muaj lub ntiaj teb thib yim loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis tsis tshua muaj (kwv yees li 1.5 lab metric tons), thiab yog tias suav nrog cov khoom muaj nqis, nws yuav dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb thib ob loj tshaj plaws (36.1 lab metric tons). Cov kob kuj muaj cov khoom siv hauv 29 cov khoom siv raw uas European Commission tau teev tseg tias tseem ceeb lossis tseem ceeb nruab nrab.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog tias thaum Greenland muaj lub ntiaj teb thib yim loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb cov khoom muaj nqis, cov peev txheej no yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev rho tawm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm tus nqi tam sim no thiab cov nqi khawb av. Cov kob yog 80% npog los ntawm dej khov, ntau dua ib nrab ntawm nws cov peev txheej minerals nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Arctic Circle, thiab cov cai ib puag ncig nruj ua rau cov nqi rho tawm siab. Qhov no txhais tau tias Greenland yuav tsis dhau los ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov minerals tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm luv luv tshwj tsis yog tias tus nqi khoom lag luam nce siab heev yav tom ntej.
Geopolitics tab tom thawb Greenland rov qab mus rau hauv qhov chaw pom kev, muab nws peb npaug ntawm tus nqi tseem ceeb.
Tebchaws Meskas txoj kev txaus siab rau Greenland tsis yog ib yam tshiab. Thaum ntxov li xyoo pua 19th, Tebchaws Meskas tau npaj yuav Greenland. Tom qab Trump tsoomfwv tau los ua haujlwm, qhov teeb meem no tau raug tsa ntau zaus hauv xyoo 2019, 2025, thiab 2026, hloov ntawm qhov kev tsom mus rau "kev ruaj ntseg nyiaj txiag" mus rau qhov kev tsom mus rau "kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws."
Greenland yog ib thaj chaw uas muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub Nceeg Vaj Denmark, nrog rau cov pej xeem tsuas yog 57,000 tus thiab GDP qeb duas 189th thoob ntiaj teb, ua rau nws txoj kev lag luam tsis tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw yog qhov txawv txawv: ua lub ntiaj teb cov kob loj tshaj plaws, nws qeb duas 13th hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov kob yog npog los ntawm dej khov, thiab nws qhov chaw tseem ceeb nyob nruab nrab ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Tebchaws Europe, thiab Russia.
HSBC tau hais tias Greenland txoj kev nce mus rau qhov tseem ceeb yog los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm peb yam tseem ceeb:
Ua ntej tshaj plaws yog kev xav txog kev ruaj ntseg. Greenland nyob ntawm thaj chaw zoo ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Tebchaws Europe, thiab Lavxias, ua rau nws qhov chaw nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj nqis heev rau kev ua tub rog.
Qhov thib ob, muaj peev xwm xa khoom. Thaum kev hloov pauv huab cua ua rau Arctic dej khov yaj, Northern Sea Route yuav yooj yim dua thiab tseem ceeb dua, thiab Greenland qhov chaw nyob yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb yav tom ntej.
Qhov thib peb, muaj cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tham no.
Nws muaj qee qhov chaw khaws cia cov av tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv av tsis tshua muaj hnyav, thiab muaj 29 yam khoom siv tseem ceeb.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm qhia tias, raws li cov ntaub ntawv xyoo 2025 los ntawm US Geological Survey (USGS), Greenland muaj kwv yees li 1.5 lab metric tons ntawmlub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muajcov chaw khaws cia, qeb duas thib 8 thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, Geological Survey of Denmark thiab Greenland (GEUS) muab kev ntsuam xyuas zoo dua, qhia tias Greenland tej zaum yuav muaj 36.1 lab metric tons ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj. Yog tias tus lej no yog qhov tseeb, nws yuav ua rau Greenland yog lub ntiaj teb thib ob loj tshaj plaws hauv kev tuav cov av tsis tshua muaj.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, Greenland muaj cov khoom siv hnyav heev (xws li terbium, dysprosium, thiab yttrium), uas feem ntau yog tsawg dua 10% ntawm cov khoom siv hauv av tsawg tab sis yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov hlau nplaum tas mus li uas xav tau hauv cov cua turbines, tsheb fais fab, thiab cov tshuab tiv thaiv.
Ntxiv rau cov khoom muaj nqis hauv ntiaj teb, Greenland kuj tseem muaj cov khoom muaj nqis nruab nrab xws li nickel, tooj liab, lithium, thiab tin, nrog rau cov roj thiab cov roj av. US Geological Survey kwv yees tias Arctic Circle yuav muaj kwv yees li 30% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov roj av uas tsis tau tshawb pom.
Greenland muaj 29 ntawm 38 "cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb" uas European Commission (2023) tau txheeb xyuas tias tseem ceeb heev lossis nruab nrab, thiab cov zaub mov no kuj raug suav hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb lossis kev lag luam los ntawm GEUS (2023).
Cov ntaub ntawv teev cov khoom siv hauv av no muab Greenland txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hauv av tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw geoeconomic tam sim no uas cov tebchaws tab tom nrhiav kev sib txawv ntawm lawv cov saw hlau.
Kev khawb av ntsib teeb meem loj heev ntawm kev lag luam
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv loj heev ntawm cov peev txheej theoretical thiab lub peev xwm rho tawm tiag tiag, thiab kev txhim kho cov peev txheej ntawm Greenland ntsib teeb meem loj heev.
Cov teeb meem ntawm thaj chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb heev: Ntawm cov chaw muaj peev xwm ua tau los ntawm GEUS, ntau dua ib nrab nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Arctic Circle. Nrog 80% ntawm Greenland npog los ntawm dej khov, huab cua hnyav ua rau muaj kev nyuaj thiab tus nqi ntawm kev khawb av ntau ntxiv.
Kev nce qib ntawm qhov project qeeb heev: Piv txwv li, kev khawb av tsis tshua muaj, txawm hais tias cov chaw tso nyiaj Kvanefjeld thiab Tanbreez nyob rau sab qab teb Greenland muaj peev xwm (qhov project Tanbreez tau teeb tsa lub hom phiaj pib ntawm kev tsim tawm txog 85,000 tons ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj oxides ib xyoos txij li xyoo 2026), tam sim no tsis muaj cov chaw khawb av loj hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag.
Kev muaj peev xwm ua lag luam tsis meej: Muab cov nqi tam sim no thiab cov nqi tsim khoom, ua ke nrog qhov nyuaj ntxiv ntawm thaj chaw khov thiab txoj cai ib puag ncig nruj heev, Greenland cov khoom siv av tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua lag luam tau zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm GEUS hais meej meej tias cov nqi khoom lag luam siab dua yog qhov xav tau rau kev siv nyiaj txiag ntawm Greenland cov chaw tso nyiaj.
Daim ntawv tshawb fawb HSBC hais tias qhov xwm txheej no zoo ib yam li Venezuela qhov teeb meem roj. Txawm hais tias Venezuela muaj cov roj av loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tsuas yog ib feem me me xwb uas siv tau rau kev lag luam.
Zaj dab neeg zoo sib xws rau Greenland: cov chaw khaws cia loj heev, tab sis kev lag luam ntawm kev rho tawm tseem tsis meej. Qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog nyob rau hauv seb lub teb chaws puas muaj cov khoom lag luam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv seb puas yog kev rho tawm cov khoom siv ntawd ua tau nyiaj txiag. Qhov sib txawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb geoeconomic thiab kev siv kev lag luam thiab kev nkag mus rau cov khoom lag luam raws li cov cuab yeej geopolitical.