▲ Mmụba nke cerium hydroxide
N'etiti ihe ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ ike ọhụrụ, ọdịnihu nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka jupụtara n'enweghị obi abụọ. Agbanyeghị, mmụba nke cerium hydroxide n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ewetala olileanya ọhụrụ n'ọhịa a. Dịka ihe dị mkpa na-adịghị na organic, cerium hydroxide na-enweta ọnọdụ na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ ahụ n'ihi ihe pụrụ iche ya na ikike itinye ya n'ọrụ sara mbara. Na-esote, anyị ga-enyocha ụwa nke cerium hydroxide, na-enyocha miri emi n'ime ojiji dị iche iche ya na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ na ihe kpatara ikike ya dị ka ihe ọhụrụ na-ekwe nkwa.
▲ Ọnọdụ isi dị na mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ ọkụ
Cerium hydroxide na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọhịa nke ike ọhụrụ, ọkachasị n'ọrụ mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ. Njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ pụrụ iche ya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ. Site n'inweta nghọta miri emi nke ụkpụrụ ọrụ na usoro nke cerium hydroxide na mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ, anyị nwere ike ịghọta nke ọma ikike ya na atụmanya ya maka itinye n'ọrụ n'ọhịa ike ọhụrụ.
Cerium hydroxide, n'ihi ionic conductivity ya na ihe ndị sitere na kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike, bụ ihe electrolyte zuru oke maka mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ oxide siri ike (SOFCs). N'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu, ọ na-eme ka njem ion oxygen dị irè, na-eme ka mmeghachi omume electrochemical dị ike ma na-enye ike siri ike maka ọrụ kwụsiri ike nke SOFCs. Cerium hydroxide bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke "obi" nke SOFCs, ọnụnọ ya na-akwalite mmepụta na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ ike ọhụrụ.
▲ Ngwa na teknụzụ nchekwa ike
Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ na ike mmeghari ohuru, teknụzụ nchekwa ike aghọwo isi teknụzụ. N'agbanyeghị nke a, itinyecerium hydroxiden'ọhịa nchekwa ike adọtala uche nke nta nke nta. Dịka ihe na-agbanwe ihe maka ihe elektrọd, ọ nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ nke ihe elektrọd ka mma nke ukwuu, si otú a na-eme ka nkwụsi ike okirikiri batrị na ikike mwepụta dị elu dịkwuo mma. Nke a bụ n'ihi na cerium hydroxide nwere ike isonye na mmeghachi omume redox na elu elektrọd n'oge usoro chajị na mwepụ batrị ahụ, na-ebelata mmebi nhazi nke ihe elektrọd ahụ ma si otú a na-agbatị ndụ batrị niile. Na-ele anya n'ihu, site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ nchekwa ike, itinye cerium hydroxide n'ọhịa nchekwa ike ọhụrụ ga-enwe nnukwu ikike.
▲ Enwere ike na teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen
Site na mgbanwe nke usoro ike, teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen na-enweta nlebara anya na-arịwanye elu. Cerium hydroxide, ihe mejupụtara nwere ihe pụrụ iche, na-egosi nnukwu ike maka itinye n'ọrụ na mmepụta hydrogen. Site na isonye na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, ọ nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ na nkwụsi ike nke usoro mmepụta hydrogen nke ọma, na-enye nkwado teknụzụ ọhụrụ maka mgbanwe ike.
N'ime mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen, teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen dị irè ma dị ọnụ ala aghọwo isi ihe na-eduzi nyocha na mmepe. Cerium hydroxide, ihe na-akpali akpali pụrụ iche, nwere ike ịkwalite mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ organic dị ka oxidation nke alcohols na epoxidation nke olefins, si otú a na-enweta mmepụta hydrogen dị irè na mmeghachi omume ndị a. Cerium hydroxide nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka photocatalyst, nke nwere ike ịgbasa molekul mmiri n'okpuru ọnọdụ ìhè iji mepụta hydrogen. Njirimara ndị a na-enye atụmanya ngwa ngwa cerium hydroxide na ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen ma a na-atụ anya na ha ga-etinye mkpali ọhụrụ na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.
▲ Ngwa n'ọhịa nke nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi
Mgbe anyị na-atụle ọrụ dị mkpa nke cerium hydroxide na ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen, anyị enweghị ike ikwu maka ojiji dị mkpa ọ na-eji na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ihe na-akpali akpali nke ukwuu, cerium hydroxide nwere ike ime ka ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ organic dị mfe. Mmeghachi omume ndị a abụghị naanị na ha na-eme ka mmepụta hydrogen dị irè kamakwa ha na-eme ka mgbanwe na ojiji akụrụngwa nke ihe mkpofu organic dị mfe. Ọzọkwa, ihe onwunwe fotocatalytic nke cerium hydroxide na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ngwaọrụ dị ike maka idozi mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi. Site na ịgbasa molekul mmiri na usoro ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ, si otú a na-echebe ma na-eme ka gburugburu ebe obibi ka mma.
E wezụga nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma ya na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ, cerium hydroxide egosikwala uru dị mkpa ya n'ọhịa nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Site n'iji ihe pụrụ iche ya na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ dị ka catalytic mee ihe, a na-ejikarị cerium hydroxide eme ihe iji gbazee gas ndị na-emerụ ahụ, na-enyere aka ibelata mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye iko na agba seramiiki, na-eme ka arụmọrụ ngwaahịa ka mma ma na-eme ka profaịlụ gburugburu ebe obibi ya ka mma. Mmetụta a na-emekọrịta ihe n'ofe ngalaba ike ọhụrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi emeela ka ọchịchọ ahịa maka cerium hydroxide na-aga n'ihu, na-akwalitekwa ojiji ya sara mbara n'ime ngalaba ike ọhụrụ.
▲ Echiche Ahịa
Ka ụlọ ọrụ ike ọhụrụ na-eto ngwa ngwa na mmụba nke mmata gburugburu ebe obibi, ọchịchọ ahịa maka cerium hydroxide na-aga n'ihu na-arị elu. Ndị otu ikike na-ebu amụma na ahịa maka cerium hydroxide ga-anọgide na-agbasa n'afọ ndị na-abịa, karịsịa n'ọhịa ndị dị elu dịka mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ, teknụzụ nchekwa ike, na ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen, ebe a na-atụ anya na ojiji ya ga-enweta uto dị egwu. O doro anya na usoro ahịa a ga-eweta ohere a na-ahụtụbeghị mbụ maka ọganihu nke ụlọ ọrụ cerium hydroxide.
▲ Echiche Ọdịnihu
Site na ọganihu nke ụlọ ọrụ ike ọhụrụ na nnabata nke echiche nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na-aga n'ihu, ọchịchọ ahịa maka cerium hydroxide ga-anọgide na-adịgide. Ndị otu ikike na-ebu amụma na ahịa maka cerium hydroxide ga-aga n'ihu na-agbasa n'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, ọkachasị n'ọhịa ndị dị elu dịka mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ, teknụzụ nchekwa ike, na ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen, ebe a na-atụ anya na ojiji ya ga-enweta uto ngwa ngwa. Usoro mmepe ahịa a na-egosi ọdịnihu ka mma maka ụlọ ọrụ cerium hydroxide.
Cerium hydroxide, nke nwere ihe pụrụ iche ya na ihe ndị dị na ya na ojiji ya n'ọtụtụ ubi, na-apụta nwayọọ nwayọọ dị ka kpakpando na-enwu enwu na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ. Ọ na-egosi ikike itinye ihe dị egwu na uru ahịa n'akụkụ dị mkpa dịka mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ ọkụ, teknụzụ nchekwa ike, ụlọ ọrụ ike hydrogen, na ọbụna nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Na-ele anya n'ihu, site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ ike ọhụrụ na mmụba ọchịchọ ahịa, cerium hydroxide ga-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa karị na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ, na-etinye mkpali siri ike na mmepe ndụ na-adịgide adịgide nke ọha mmadụ. Ka anyị niile na-atụ anya ịhụ mmepe dị egwu nke cerium hydroxide na ngalaba ike ọhụrụ.